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          Swt常用控件中文教程(轉(zhuǎn))

          (樣圖沒(méi)有貼上,不好意思)
          1、Eclipse中swt的配置
          建議配置:jdk1.4.2以及eclipse3.1
          在代碼中調(diào)用swt控件之前,首先建立一個(gè)項(xiàng)目,然后選擇該項(xiàng)目的properties -> Java Build Path,將standard Widget ToolKit加入到Library頁(yè)當(dāng)中。如下圖所示:
          ?接下來(lái)可以建立第一個(gè)eclipse小程序,新建一個(gè)class,并且在該class所對(duì)應(yīng)的代碼中輸入如下程序,其中package以及class名稱(chēng)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來(lái)確定名稱(chēng)。
          package mypakage;
          import org.eclipse.swt.widgets.*;
          import org.eclipse.swt.*;
          /*導(dǎo)入需要的類(lèi)庫(kù)*/
          public class Myfrm1 {
          public Myfrm1() {
          super();
          }
          public static void main(String[] args) {
          Display display = new Display();
          Shell shell = new Shell(display);
          /*shell為一個(gè)窗口對(duì)象*/
          Label label = new Label(shell, SWT.NONE);
          label.setText("Hello, World!");? /*創(chuàng)建一個(gè)標(biāo)簽對(duì)象并且設(shè)置標(biāo)題文字*/
          label.pack();
          shell.pack();
          shell.open();? /*打開(kāi)并顯示窗口*/
          while(!shell.isDisposed())
          if(!display.readAndDispatch())
          ??? display.sleep();? /*在窗口沒(méi)有銷(xiāo)毀之前,顯示對(duì)象一直處于等待狀態(tài)*/

          display.dispose();? /*否則,銷(xiāo)毀對(duì)象,釋放對(duì)象所占據(jù)的資源*/
          label.dispose();
          }
          }
          運(yùn)行上述代碼(run -> debug -> swt application)將產(chǎn)生如下所示的一個(gè)窗口
          2、button的使用
          按鈕可能的類(lèi)型有很多,例如:
          SWT.BORDER? 含有邊框的按鈕
          SWT.CHECK? 復(fù)選按鈕
          SWT.PUSH? 普通按鈕
          SWT.RADIO? 單選按鈕
          3、Text的使用
          文本框的類(lèi)型也有很多種選擇,例如:
          SWT.BORDER 含有邊框
          SWT.READ_ONLY 只讀
          下圖為包含按鈕以及文本框的窗口
          設(shè)計(jì)上述窗口所對(duì)應(yīng)的代碼為:
          package mypakage;
          import org.eclipse.swt.widgets.*;
          import org.eclipse.swt.SWT;
          import org.eclipse.swt.events.*;
          import org.eclipse.swt.layout.*;
          public class Myfrm1 {
          public Myfrm1() {
          super();
          }
          public static void main(String[] args) {
          Display display = new Display( );
          ??????? Shell shell = new Shell(display);
          ??????? shell.setSize(300, 200);
          ??????? shell.setLayout(new RowLayout( ));
          ??????? shell.setText("Button Example");
          ??????? final Button button = new Button(shell, SWT.BORDER);
          ??????? button.setText("Click Me");
          ??????? final Text text = new Text(shell, SWT.BORDER);??
          ??????? shell.open( );

          ??????? while(!shell.isDisposed( )) {
          ?????????????? if(!display.readAndDispatch( )) display.sleep( );
          ??????? }
          ??????? display.dispose( );
          }
          }
          如果想對(duì)控件的位置以及大小進(jìn)行精確的設(shè)置,可以使用setBounds(x, y, width, height)方法來(lái)取代shell.setLayout(new RowLayout( ))。例如:button.setBounds(80, 80, 90, 20);
          button的監(jiān)聽(tīng)及事件處理
          對(duì)按鈕單擊事件處理的代碼:
          ??????? button.addSelectionListener(new SelectionListener( )
          ??????? {
          ?????????????? public void widgetSelected(SelectionEvent event)
          ?????????????? {
          ???????????????????? text.setText("No worries!");
          ?????????????? }
          ?????????????? public void widgetDefaultSelected(SelectionEvent event)

          ?????????????? {
          ???????????????????? text.setText("No worries!");
          ?????????????? }
          ??????? });

          將以上代碼加入到shell.open之前,當(dāng)點(diǎn)擊按鈕時(shí)產(chǎn)生以下效果:
          分析:由于為button按鈕增加了一個(gè)監(jiān)聽(tīng)器,按鈕時(shí)刻處于被“監(jiān)控”的狀態(tài),當(dāng)按鈕控件被選擇(點(diǎn)擊)既選擇事件發(fā)生時(shí),對(duì)文本控件進(jìn)行賦值”No worries”。
          根據(jù)監(jiān)聽(tīng)事件的原理,設(shè)計(jì)如下程序,該程序能夠獲得鼠標(biāo)的X坐標(biāo),顯示在文本框中:
          package mypakage;
          import org.eclipse.swt.widgets.*;
          import org.eclipse.swt.SWT;
          import org.eclipse.swt.events.*;
          import org.eclipse.swt.layout.*;
          public class Myfrm1 {
          public Myfrm1() {
          super();
          }
          public static void main(String[] args) {
          Display display = new Display( );
          ??????? Shell shell = new Shell(display);
          ??????? shell.setSize(300, 200);
          ??????? shell.setLayout(new RowLayout( ));
          ??????? final Text text = new Text(shell, SWT.SHADOW_IN);

          ??????? shell.addMouseMoveListener(new MouseMoveListener( )
          ??????? {
          ?????????????? public void mouseMove(MouseEvent e)
          ?????????????? {
          ???????????????????? Integer y=new Integer(e.x);? /*將x坐標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)換為Integer類(lèi)型的對(duì)象*/
          ???????????????????? text.setText(y.toString());
          ?????????????? }
          ??????? });

          ??????? shell.open( );
          ??????? while(!shell.isDisposed( )) {
          ?????????????? if(!display.readAndDispatch( )) display.sleep( );
          ??????? }
          ??????? display.dispose( );
          }
          }
          監(jiān)聽(tīng)方式:
          ControlListener 用于處理移動(dòng)以及尺寸變化

          FocusListener 用于處理得到焦點(diǎn)以及失去焦點(diǎn)

          KeyListener 處理按鍵的輸入

          MouseListener , MouseMoveListener, MouseTrackListener 對(duì)鼠標(biāo)的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行處理

          SelectionListener 處理控件的選擇行為(包括按鈕的點(diǎn)擊)

          注意:監(jiān)聽(tīng)方式與其所能夠處理的事件具有一定的關(guān)聯(lián)性,既監(jiān)聽(tīng)方式?jīng)Q定了所能夠處理事件的種類(lèi),例如:

          ??????? shell.addMouseListener(new MouseListener( )
          ??????? {
          ??????????? public void mouseMove(MouseEvent e)
          ?????????? {text.setText("mousemove");}
          ?????????????? public void mouseDoubleClick(MouseEvent e)
          ?????????????? {text.setText("mousedbclc");}
          ?????????????? public void mouseDown(MouseEvent e)
          ?????????????? {}
          ?????????????? public void mouseUp(MouseEvent e)
          ?????????????? {}
          ??????? });

          你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)在鼠標(biāo)移動(dòng)時(shí),text.setText("mousemove");始終不能夠執(zhí)行;并且mouseDown、mouseUp事件不能夠省略,原因就在于MouseListener只能處理mouseDoubleClick、mouseDown、mouseUp三類(lèi)事件,而且這三類(lèi)事件不能夠分離。
          3、List控件
          List控件的樣式包括:
          SWT.BORDER 含有邊框

          SWT.H_SCROLL 含有水平滾動(dòng)條

          SWT.V_SCROLL 含有垂直滾動(dòng)條

          SWT.SINGLE 允許單選

          SWT.MULTI 允許復(fù)選

          若要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建一個(gè)含有從11個(gè)元素的List,可以通過(guò)以下代碼來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)
          final List list = new List (shell, SWT.SINGLE);
          for (int i=0;i<=10;i++)
          ?? list.add("item"+i);

          ?

          以下實(shí)例能夠判斷List控件中所選擇的選項(xiàng),并且輸出顯示在控制臺(tái)中:
          package mypakage;
          import org.eclipse.swt.widgets.*;
          import org.eclipse.swt.SWT;
          import org.eclipse.swt.events.*;
          import org.eclipse.swt.layout.*;
          public class Myfrm1 {
          public Myfrm1() {
          super();
          }
          public static void main(String[] args) {
          ??????? Display display = new Display ( );
          ??????? Shell shell = new Shell (display);
          ??????? shell.setText("List Example");
          ??????? shell.setSize(300, 200);
          ??????? shell.setLayout(new FillLayout(SWT.VERTICAL));
          ??????? final List list = new List (shell, SWT.BORDER | SWT.MULTI | SWT.V_SCROLL);??????????
          ??????? for (int loopIndex = 0; loopIndex < 100; loopIndex++){
          ??????????? list.add("Item " + loopIndex);
          ?????????? }
          ??????? list.addSelectionListener(new SelectionListener( )
          ??????? {
          ?????????? public void widgetSelected(SelectionEvent event)
          ?????????? {
          ??????????????? int? selections[] = list.getSelectionIndices ( );
          ??????????????? String outText = "";
          ??????????????? for (int loopIndex = 0; loopIndex < selections.length;
          ??????????????????? loopIndex++) outText += selections[loopIndex] + " ";
          ??????????????? System.out.println ("You selected: " + outText);
          ????????????? }
          ?????????? public void widgetDefaultSelected(SelectionEvent event)
          ?????????? {
          ??????????????? int [] selections = list.getSelectionIndices ( );
          ??????????????? String outText = "";
          ??????????????? for (int loopIndex = 0; loopIndex < selections.length; loopIndex++)
          ??????????????????? outText += selections[loopIndex] + " ";
          ?????????????? System.out.println ("You selected: " + outText);
          ???????????? }
          ????????? });
          ????????? shell.open ( );
          ????????? while (!shell.isDisposed ( )) {
          ????????????? if (!display.readAndDispatch ( )) display.sleep ( );
          ????????? }
          ????????? display.dispose ( );
          }
          }

          效果圖:
          ?

          You selected: 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
          分析:list.getSelectionIndices ( )方法將會(huì)獲得被選擇項(xiàng)目的集合, selections[]或者[] elections表示動(dòng)態(tài)一維數(shù)組。

          4、Menu控件
          建立菜單的一般步驟為:
          1、在建立菜單時(shí),首先需要建立一個(gè)菜單欄,需要使用SWT.BAR屬性
          Menu menuBar = new Menu(shell, SWT.BAR);

          2、在菜單欄的基礎(chǔ)之上,創(chuàng)建下拉菜單的所對(duì)應(yīng)的頂級(jí)菜單項(xiàng),需要使用SWT.CASCADE屬性
          fileMenuHeader = new MenuItem(menuBar, SWT.CASCADE);
          fileMenuHeader.setText("&File");

          3、建立與頂級(jí)菜單項(xiàng)相關(guān)的下拉式菜單
          dropMenu1 = new Menu(shell, SWT.DROP_DOWN);

          4、將頂級(jí)菜單項(xiàng)與下拉菜單關(guān)聯(lián)
          MenuHeader1.setMenu(dropMenu1);

          5、為下拉菜單添加子菜單項(xiàng)
          dropitem1= new MenuItem(dropMenu1, SWT.PUSH);
          dropitem1.setText("open");

          6、最后,在窗口中指定需要顯示的菜單欄
          shell.setMenuBar(menuBar);

          ?

          菜單的監(jiān)聽(tīng)及事件
          參照按鈕的監(jiān)聽(tīng)以及事件,設(shè)計(jì)如下程序,當(dāng)點(diǎn)擊 File子菜單下的“open”時(shí),在文本框中顯示“click open menu!”
          dropitem1.addSelectionListener(new SelectionListener()
          ?? {
          ????? public void widgetSelected(SelectionEvent event)
          ????? {
          ????? text.setText("click open menu!");
          ????? }
          ????? public void widgetDefaultSelected(SelectionEvent event)
          ????? {
          ????? text.setText("click open menu!");
          ????? }
          ?? });
          ?

          5、使用工具欄toobar
          建立工具欄可以通過(guò)如下方式:ToolBar toolbar = new ToolBar(shell, SWT.NONE);
          在工具欄的基礎(chǔ)之上創(chuàng)建工具欄子按鈕,并且設(shè)置子按鈕的標(biāo)題:

          ToolItem item1 = new ToolItem(toolbar, SWT.PUSH);
          item1.setText("item1");

          例如:
          ??????? ToolBar toolbar = new ToolBar(shell, SWT.NONE);
          ??????? ToolItem item1 = new ToolItem(toolbar, SWT.PUSH);
          ??????? item1.setText("item1");
          ??????? ToolItem item2 = new ToolItem(toolbar, SWT.PUSH);
          ??????? item2.setText("item2");

          ?

          工具欄的監(jiān)聽(tīng)及事件
          實(shí)例:創(chuàng)建一個(gè)監(jiān)聽(tīng)對(duì)象,將該監(jiān)聽(tīng)對(duì)象應(yīng)用于每一個(gè)按鈕,最終來(lái)判斷鼠標(biāo)點(diǎn)擊的是哪一個(gè)按鈕,效果圖如下。
          ??????????? Listener listener = new Listener( ) {
          ??????????????? public void handleEvent(Event event) {
          ??????????????????? ToolItem item =(ToolItem)event.widget;
          ??????????????????? String string = item.getText( );
          ??????????????????? text.setText("You selected:" + string);?????????????? }
          ??????????? };
          ??????????? item1.addListener(SWT.Selection, listener);
          ??????????? item2.addListener(SWT.Selection, listener);
          ??????????? item3.addListener(SWT.Selection, listener);
          item4.addListener(SWT.Selection, listener);

          ?

          6、滾動(dòng)條slider的使用
          滾動(dòng)條分為有邊框、垂直、水平三種類(lèi)型,利用slider.setBounds方法可以指定滾動(dòng)條所在的位置。
          滾動(dòng)條所能夠處理事件的包括:
          SWT.ARROW_DOWN 向下或向右按鈕被點(diǎn)擊

          SWT.ARROW_UP 向左或向上按鈕被點(diǎn)擊

          SWT.DRAG? 滑塊按鈕被托動(dòng)

          SWT.END 滑塊到達(dá)終點(diǎn)

          SWT.HOME 滑塊到達(dá)起點(diǎn)

          SWT.PAGE_DOWN 下方或右側(cè)的滾動(dòng)條被點(diǎn)擊

          SWT.PAGE_UP 上方或左側(cè)的滾動(dòng)條被點(diǎn)擊
          實(shí)例:根據(jù)滑塊的位置移動(dòng)按鈕位置
          ??????? slider.addListener(SWT.Selection, new Listener( ) {

          ????????? public void handleEvent(Event event) {

          ??????????? switch(event.detail) {

          ?????????????? case SWT.ARROW_DOWN: button.setBounds(slider.getSelection(),0,20,10);

          ??????????????????????? break;

          ?????????????? case SWT.ARROW_UP:button.setBounds(slider.getSelection(),0,20,10);

          ??????????????????????? break;

          ?????????????? case SWT.DRAG:button.setBounds(slider.getSelection(),0,20,10);

          ??????????????????????? break;

          ?????????????? case SWT.END:button.setBounds(slider.getSelection(),0,20,10);

          ??????????????????????? break;

          ?????????????? case SWT.HOME:button.setBounds(slider.getSelection(),0,20,10);

          ??????????????????????? break;

          ?????????????? case SWT.PAGE_DOWN:button.setBounds(slider.getSelection(),0,20,10);

          ??????????????????????? break;

          ?????????????? case SWT.PAGE_UP:button.setBounds(slider.getSelection(),0,20,10);

          ??????????????????????? break;

          ??????????????????? }
          ??????????? }

          });

          ?


          7、樹(shù)形控件Tree
          樹(shù)形控件使用的方法為,首先創(chuàng)建一個(gè)Tree類(lèi)型的對(duì)象,其次在該對(duì)象的基礎(chǔ)之上繼續(xù)擴(kuò)展節(jié)點(diǎn),以及擴(kuò)展節(jié)點(diǎn)的子節(jié)點(diǎn)。
          final Tree? tree = new Tree(shell, SWT.BORDER);
          可以利用tree.setSize方法來(lái)改變樹(shù)形控件的大小。在創(chuàng)建節(jié)點(diǎn)時(shí),需要指明該節(jié)點(diǎn)所依賴(lài)的父節(jié)點(diǎn)的名稱(chēng),如TreeItem item0 = new TreeItem(tree, 0);,那么item0將成為tree對(duì)象中的0級(jí)(頂級(jí))節(jié)點(diǎn)。
          如下程序?qū)⒃趖ree對(duì)象的基礎(chǔ)之上產(chǎn)生9個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn):
          ??????? final Tree tree = new Tree(shell, SWT.BORDER);

          ??????? tree.setSize(290, 290);

          ??????? for(int loopIndex1 = 2000; loopIndex1 <= 2008; loopIndex1++) {

          ??????????? TreeItem item0 = new TreeItem(tree, 0);

          ??????????? item0.setText("Year " + loopIndex1);

          ??????? }
          ?
          在上述實(shí)例的基礎(chǔ)上為每一個(gè)0級(jí)節(jié)點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上擴(kuò)展出12個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn):
          ??????? for(int loopIndex1 = 2000; loopIndex1 <= 2008; loopIndex1++) {

          ??????????? TreeItem item0 = new TreeItem(tree, 0);

          ??????????? item0.setText("Year " + loopIndex1);
          ???????????
          ??????????? for(int loopIndex2 = 1; loopIndex2 <= 12; loopIndex2++) {
          ???????????
          ??????????? TreeItem item1 = new TreeItem(item0, 0);
          ???????????
          ??????????? item1.setText("Month " + loopIndex2);
          ??????????? }

          ??????? }
          ?

          8、對(duì)話(huà)框dialog
          對(duì)話(huà)框是一個(gè)依托于主窗體的子窗體,如圖所示。
          ?
          例如:當(dāng)在主窗體中點(diǎn)擊按鈕時(shí),彈出一個(gè)對(duì)話(huà)框dialog,當(dāng)關(guān)閉對(duì)話(huà)框時(shí)按鈕顯示“dialog is disposed”
          ?
          ??????? Display display = new Display( );

          ??????? final Shell shell = new Shell(display);

          ??????? shell.setSize(300, 200);

          ??????? shell.setText("main");
          ???????
          ??????? final Button opener = new Button(shell, SWT.PUSH);

          ??????? opener.setText("Click Me");
          ???????
          ??????? opener.setBounds(20, 20, 50, 25);
          ???????
          ??????? final Shell dialog = new Shell(shell, SWT.APPLICATION_MODAL |

          ??????????? SWT.DIALOG_TRIM);
          ???????
          ??????? dialog.setText("dialog");
          ???????
          ??????? dialog.setBounds(10,10,50,60);
          ???????
          ??????? dialog.addDisposeListener(new DisposeListener(){
          ???????
          ??????? public void widgetDisposed(DisposeEvent e){

          ??????? opener.setText("dialog is disposed");
          ???????
          ??????? }
          ??????? });
          ???????
          ??????? Listener openerListener = new Listener( ) {

          ??????????? public void handleEvent(Event event) {

          ??????????????????? dialog.open( );

          ??????????? }

          ??????? };

          ??????? opener.addListener(SWT.Selection, openerListener);
          ????????????
          ??????? shell.open( );
          ???????
          ??????? while(!dialog.isDisposed( )) {

          ??????????? if(!display.readAndDispatch( )) display.sleep( );

          ??????? }??????

          ??????? while (!shell.isDisposed( )) {

          ??????????? if (!display.readAndDispatch( ))

          ??????????????? display.sleep( );

          ??????? }

          ??????? display.dispose( );

          posted on 2007-01-18 15:18 liaojiyong 閱讀(845) 評(píng)論(0)  編輯  收藏 所屬分類(lèi): Java

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