在前面的例子中,我們演示了一對多和多對一的例子,在本章將演示多對多和一對一的關系。
學生和老師就是多對多的關系。一個學生有多個老師,一個老師教多個學生。
學生和檔案就是一對一的關系(不知道國外的學生有沒有檔案?)。
為了實現多對多的關系,數據庫中需要關聯表,用以在兩個實體間建立關聯。JBoss可以自動生成關聯表,你也可以@AssociationTable來指定關聯表的信息。
如:
@ManyToMany(cascade = {CascadeType.CREATE, CascadeType.MERGE}, fetch = FetchType.EAGER, isInverse = true) @AssociationTable(table = @Table(name = "STUDENT_TEACHER"),
joinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "TEACHER_ID")},inverseJoinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "STUDENT_ID")})
@ AssociationTable的注釋聲明如下: @Target({METHOD, FIELD})
public @interface AssociationTable { Table table() default @Table(specified=false); JoinColumn[] joinColumns() default {}; JoinColumn[] inverseJoinColumns() default {}; } |
關聯表注釋指定了關聯表的名稱、主表的列和從表的列。
為了實現一對一的關系,需要用@OneToOne來注釋。
如:
@OneToOne(cascade = {CascadeType.ALL}) @JoinColumn(name = "DOSSIER_ID")
public Dossier getDossier() { return dossier; } |
這定義了一個單向的一對一的關系。如果在Dossier也定義了相關的關聯,那么它就是雙向的。雙向的意思就是通過一個Student實體就可以查找到一個Dossier,通過一個Dossier就可以查找到一個Student。
@ OneToOne的注釋聲明如下: @Target({METHOD, FIELD}) @Retention(RUNTIME)
public @interface OneToOne { String targetEntity() default ""; CascadeType[] cascade() default {}; FetchType fetch() default EAGER; boolean optional() default true; } |
這個例子主要有以下幾個文件,這個例子主要實現了學生和老師、學生和檔案之間的關系。Student、Teacher、Dossier都是實體Bean。Student和Dossier是一個雙向的OneToOne之間的關系,Student和Teacher是ManyToMany的關系,也是雙向的。和前面的例子一樣,我們還是使用Client測試。
Student.java:實體Bean。
Dossier.java:實體Bean所依賴的類。
Teacher.java:實體Bean所依賴的類。
EntityTest.java:會話Bean的業務接口
EntityTest Bean.java:會話Bean的實現類
Client.java:測試EJB的客戶端類。
jndi.properties:jndi屬性文件,提供訪問jdni的基本配置屬性。
Build.xml:ant 配置文件,用以編譯、發布、測試、清除EJB。
下面針對每個文件的內容做一個介紹。
Student.java
package com.kuaff.ejb3.relationships; import javax.ejb.CascadeType; import javax.ejb.Entity; import javax.ejb.FetchType; import javax.ejb.GeneratorType; import javax.ejb.Id; import javax.ejb.JoinColumn; import javax.ejb.OneToOne; import javax.ejb.ManyToMany; import javax.ejb.Table; import javax.ejb.AssociationTable; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Set; import java.util.Collection; import java.io.Serializable;
@Entity
@Table(name = "STUDENT")
public class Student implements Serializable
{ private int id; private String first; private String last; private Dossier dossier; private Set<Teacher> teachers;
@Id(generate = GeneratorType.AUTO)
public int getId() { return id; }
public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; }
public void setFirst(String first) { this.first = first; }
public String getFirst() { return first; }
public void setLast(String last) { this.last = last; }
public String getLast() { return last; }
public void setDossier(Dossier dossier) { this.dossier = dossier; }
@OneToOne(cascade = {CascadeType.ALL}) @JoinColumn(name = "DOSSIER_ID")
public Dossier getDossier() { return dossier; }
public void setTeacher(Set<Teacher> teachers) { this.teachers = teachers; }
@ManyToMany(cascade = {CascadeType.CREATE, CascadeType.MERGE}, fetch = FetchType.EAGER, isInverse = true) @AssociationTable(table = @Table(name = "STUDENT_TEACHER"),
joinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "TEACHER_ID")},inverseJoinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "STUDENT_ID")})
public Set<Teacher> getTeacher() { return teachers; } }
Dossier.java
package com.kuaff.ejb3.relationships;
import javax.ejb.Entity; import javax.ejb.GeneratorType; import javax.ejb.Id;
@Entity
public class Dossier implements java.io.Serializable { private Long id; private String resume;
@Id(generate = GeneratorType.AUTO) public Long getId() { return id; }
public void setId(Long id) { this.id = id; }
public void setResume(String resume) { this.resume = resume; }
public String getResume() { return resume; } }
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Teacher.java
package com.kuaff.ejb3.relationships;
import javax.ejb.AssociationTable; import javax.ejb.Basic; import javax.ejb.CascadeType; import javax.ejb.Column; import javax.ejb.Entity; import javax.ejb.FetchType; import javax.ejb.Id; import javax.ejb.JoinColumn; import javax.ejb.ManyToMany; import javax.ejb.Table; import javax.ejb.Transient; import javax.ejb.Version; import java.util.Set; import javax.ejb.GeneratorType;
@Entity
public class Teacher implements java.io.Serializable { private Long id; private String resume; private String name; private String info; private Set<Student> students;
@Id(generate = GeneratorType.IDENTITY)
public Long getId() { return id; }
public void setId(Long id) { this.id = id; }
public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; }
public String getName() { return name; }
public void setInfo(String info) { this.info = info; }
public String getInfo() { return info; }
public void setStudents(Set<Student> students) { this.students = students; }
@ManyToMany(cascade = {CascadeType.CREATE, CascadeType.MERGE}, fetch = FetchType.EAGER) @AssociationTable(table = @Table(name = "STUDENT_TEACHER"),
joinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "TEACHER_ID",referencedColumnName="ID")}, inverseJoinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "STUDENT_ID",referencedColumnName="ID")})
public Set<Student> getStudents() { return students; } }
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EntityTest.java
package com.kuaff.ejb3.relationships;
import javax.ejb.Remote; import java.util.List;
@Remote
public interface EntityTest { public void createData(); public List findByName(String name); } |
EntityTestBean.java
package com.kuaff.ejb3.relationships;
import javax.ejb.EntityManager; import javax.ejb.Inject; import javax.ejb.Stateless; import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Set; import java.util.List;
@Stateless
public class EntityTestBean implements EntityTest { private @Inject EntityManager manager; public void createData() { Teacher teacher1 = new Teacher(); Teacher teacher2 = new Teacher();
Set<Student> students1 = new HashSet<Student>(); Set<Student> students2 = new HashSet<Student>(); Student student1 = new Student(); Student student2 = new Student(); Student student3 = new Student();
Dossier dossier1 = new Dossier(); Dossier dossier2 = new Dossier(); Dossier dossier3 = new Dossier(); teacher1.setId(new Long(1)); teacher1.setName("hushisheng"); teacher1.setInfo("胡時勝教授,博士生導師"); manager.create(teacher1); teacher2.setId(new Long(2)); teacher2.setName("liyongchi"); teacher2.setInfo("李永池教授,博士生導師"); manager.create(teacher2);
student1.setFirst("晁"); student1.setLast("岳攀"); dossier1.setResume("這是晁岳攀的檔案"); student1.setDossier(dossier1); students1.add(student1);
student2.setFirst("趙"); student2.setLast("志偉"); dossier2.setResume("這是趙志偉的檔案"); student2.setDossier(dossier2); students1.add(student2);
student3.setFirst("田"); student3.setLast("明");
dossier3.setResume("這是田明的檔案"); student3.setDossier(dossier3); students2.add(student3);
teacher1.setStudents(students1); teacher2.setStudents(students2);
}
public List findByName(String name) { return manager.createQuery("from Teacher t where t.name = :name").setParameter("name", name).listResults(); }
} |
在這個會話Bean中提供了創建各個實體Bean的方法,并提供了查找老師的方法。
Client.java
package com.kuaff.ejb3.secondary;
import javax.naming.InitialContext; import javax.naming.NamingException; import java.util.List;
public class Client { public static void main(String[] args) throws NamingException { InitialContext ctx = new InitialContext(); StudentDAO dao = (StudentDAO) ctx.lookup(StudentDAO.class.getName()); int id = dao.create("晁","岳攀","8","smallnest@kuaff.com","男"); dao.create("朱","立煥","6","zhuzhu@kuaff.com","女"); List list = dao.findAll(); for(Object o:list) { Student s = (Student)o; System.out.printf("%s%s的性別:%s%n",s.getName().getFirst(),s.getName().getLast(),s.getGender()); dao.evict(s); } } } |
這個客戶端用來測試。
請運行{$JBOSS_HOME}/bin目錄下的run.bat: run –c all,啟動JBOSS。
http://localhost:8080/jmx-console/HtmlAdaptor?action=inspectMBean&name=jboss%3Aservice%3DHypersonic%2Cdatabase%3DlocalDB,然后調用startDatabaseManager()方法,打開HSQL管理工具管理數據庫。
在Eclipse的Ant視圖中執行ejbjar target。或者在命令行下,進入到此工程目錄下,執行ant ejbjar,將編譯打包發布此EJB。
在Eclipse的Ant視圖中執行run target。或者在命令行下,進入到此工程目錄下,執行ant run,測試這個EJB。
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