為了讓大家更方便的了解我這個設計，我先把我的一些整體的規劃都說出來吧，由于我是初學，難免會參照本書籍來看，我買的是那本孫某女的書《精通：*****》，看了看她前面的介紹，我一看了不得，能出書，寫的還都不錯，這女的可不得了，漸漸疑惑的地方非常多，比如例子里面注釋都拽上了英語，搞不懂，而當我從網上下到電子盜版jakarta struts（我已安下栽說明要求的那樣在24小時后刪除了）這本書的時候我才恍然大悟，原來是抄襲??？至于是誰抄的誰，口說無憑，不能亂誹謗，不過大家心里都該有桿稱！

下面就是代碼了：
package com.boya.subject.model;
public interface Person
{
    public Long getId();
    public void setId( Long id );
    public String getName();
    public void setName( String name );
    public String getPassword();
    public void setPassword( String password );
    public String getTelphone();
    public void setTelphone( String telphone );
    public String getUser();
    public void setUser( String user );
    public String getType();
}

package com.boya.subject.model;
public abstract class User implements Person
{
    private Long id;數據庫id
    private String user;用戶名
    private String password;密碼
    private String name;姓名
    private String telphone;電話

    public Long getId()
    {
        return id;
    } 

    public void setId( Long id )
    {
        this.id = id;
    } 

    public String getName()
    {
        return name;
    } 

    public void setName( String name )
    {
        this.name = name;
    } 

    public String getPassword()
    {
        return password;
    } 

    public void setPassword( String password )
    {
        this.password = password;
    } 

    public String getTelphone()
    {
        return telphone;
    } 

    public void setTelphone( String telphone )
    {
        this.telphone = telphone;
    } 

    public String getUser()
    {
        return user;
    } 

    public void setUser( String user )
    {
        this.user = user;
    }
}

package com.boya.subject.model;
public class Admin extends User
{
    private String grade = null; 管理員權限 

    public String getGrade()
    {
        return grade;
    } 

    public void setGrade( String grade )
    {
        this.grade = grade;
    } 

    public String getType()
    {
        return "admin";
    }
}

package com.boya.subject.model;
public class Teacher extends User
{
    private String level; 教師職稱 

    public String getLevel()
    {
        return level;
    } 

    public void setLevel( String level )
    {
        this.level = level;
    } 

    public String getType()
    {
        return "teacher";
    }
}

package com.boya.subject.model; 

public class Student extends User
{
    private String sn;學生學號
    private SchoolClass schoolClass; 班級 

    public SchoolClass getSchoolClass()
    {
        return schoolClass;
    } 

    public void setSchoolClass( SchoolClass schoolClass )
    {
        this.schoolClass = schoolClass;
    } 

    public String getSn()
    {
        return sn;
    } 

    public void setSn( String sn )
    {
        this.sn = sn;
    } 

    public String getType()
    {
        return "student";
    }
}

而對于Action我分別做了一個抽象類，之后別的從這里繼承
先是Action的
package com.boya.subject.controller; 

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
import com.boya.subject.frame.ID;
import com.boya.subject.frame.ServiceFactory;
import com.boya.subject.model.Person;
import com.boya.subject.service.Service;
import com.boya.subject.util.HtmlUtil; 

public abstract class BaseAction extends Action
{
    /**
     * 由服務工廠方法創建服務
     * @return 數據庫操作的服務
     * 2006-5-16 18:10:04
     */
    public Service getService()
    {
        ServiceFactory factory = (ServiceFactory) getAppObject( ID.SF );
        Service service = null;
        try
        {
            service = factory.createService();
        }
        catch ( Exception e )
        {
        }
        return service;
    } 

    /**
     * 判斷用戶是否合法登陸
     * @param req 
     * @return 用戶是否登陸
     * 2006-5-16 18:11:26
     */
    public boolean isLogin( HttpServletRequest req )
    {
        if ( getPerson( req ) != null ) return true;
        else
            return false;
    } 

    
    /**
     * 抽象方法,子類實現
     * @param mapping
     * @param form
     * @param req
     * @param res
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     * 2006-5-16 18:12:54
     */
    protected abstract ActionForward executeAction( ActionMapping mapping,
            ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res )
            throws Exception; 

    /**
     * 獲取session范圍的用戶
     * @param req
     * @return 當前用戶
     * 2006-5-16 18:13:35
     */
    public abstract Person getPerson( HttpServletRequest req ); 

    /**
     * 父類的執行Action
     * @see org.apache.struts.action.Action#execute(org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping, org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse)
     */
    public ActionForward execute( ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
            HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res ) throws Exception
    {
        if ( !isLogin( req ) )
        {
            HtmlUtil.callParentGo( res.getWriter(), ID.M_UNLOGIN, ID.P_INDEX );
            return null;
        }
        return executeAction( mapping, form, req, res );
    } 

    /**
     * 刪除session中屬性為attribute的對象
     * @param req
     * @param attribute 對象屬性
     * 2006-5-16 18:16:59
     */
    public void removeSessionObject( HttpServletRequest req, String attribute )
    {
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();
        session.removeAttribute( attribute );
    } 

    /**
     * 設置session中屬性為attribute的對象
     * @param req
     * @param attribute 設置屬性
     * @param o 設置對象
     * 2006-5-16 18:17:50
     */
    public void setSessionObject( HttpServletRequest req, String attribute,
            Object o )
    {
        req.getSession().setAttribute( attribute, o );
    } 

    /**
     * 設置application中屬性為attribute的對象
     * @param req
     * @param attribute 設置屬性
     * @param o 設置對象
     * 2006-5-16 18:17:50
     */
    public void setAppObject( String attribute, Object o )
    {
        servlet.getServletContext().setAttribute( attribute, o );
    } 

    public Object getSessionObject( HttpServletRequest req, String attribute )
    {
        Object obj = null;
        HttpSession session = req.getSession( false );
        if ( session != null ) obj = session.getAttribute( attribute );
        return obj;
    } 

    public Object getAppObject( String attribute )
    {
        return servlet.getServletContext().getAttribute( attribute );
    } 

    public void callParentGo( HttpServletResponse res, String msg, String url )
            throws IOException
    {
        HtmlUtil.callParentGo( res.getWriter(), msg, url );
    } 

    public void callMeGo( HttpServletResponse res, String msg, String url )
            throws IOException
    {
        HtmlUtil.callMeGo( res.getWriter(), msg, url );
    } 

    public void callBack( HttpServletResponse res, String msg )
            throws IOException
    {
        HtmlUtil.callBack( res.getWriter(), msg );
    } 

    public void callMeConfirm( HttpServletResponse res, String msg, String ok,
            String no ) throws IOException
    {
        HtmlUtil.callMeConfirm( res.getWriter(), msg, ok, no );
    }
}
再是DispatchAction的
package com.boya.subject.controller; 

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
import org.apache.struts.actions.DispatchAction;
import com.boya.subject.frame.ID;
import com.boya.subject.frame.ServiceFactory;
import com.boya.subject.model.Person;
import com.boya.subject.service.Service;
import com.boya.subject.util.HtmlUtil; 

public abstract class BaseDispatchAction extends DispatchAction
{
    /**
     * 由服務工廠方法創建服務
     * @return 數據庫操作的服務
     * 2006-5-16 18:10:04
     */
    public Service getService()
    {
        ServiceFactory factory = (ServiceFactory) getAppObject( ID.SF );
        Service service = null;
        try
        {
            service = factory.createService();
        }
        catch ( Exception e )
        {
        }
        return service;
    } 

    /**
     * 判斷用戶是否合法登陸
     * @param req 
     * @return 用戶是否登陸
     * 2006-5-16 18:11:26
     */
    public boolean isLogin( HttpServletRequest req )
    {
        if ( getPerson( req ) != null ) return true;
        else
            return false;
    } 

    /**
     * 獲取session范圍的用戶
     * @param req
     * @return 當前用戶
     * 2006-5-16 18:13:35
     */
    public abstract Person getPerson( HttpServletRequest req ); 

    /**
     * 父類的執行DispatchAction
     * @see org.apache.struts.action.Action#execute(org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping, org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse)
     */
    public ActionForward execute( ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
            HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res ) throws Exception
    {
        try
        {
            if ( !isLogin( req ) )
            {
                callParentGo( res, ID.M_UNLOGIN, ID.P_INDEX );
                return null;
            }
            return super.execute( mapping, form, req, res );
        }
        catch ( NoSuchMethodException e )
        {
            callBack( res, ID.M_NOMETHOD );
            return null;
        }
    } 

    /**
     * 刪除session中屬性為attribute的對象
     * @param req
     * @param attribute 對象屬性
     * 2006-5-16 18:16:59
     */
    public void removeSessionObject( HttpServletRequest req, String attribute )
    {
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();
        session.removeAttribute( attribute );
    } 

    /**
     * 設置session中屬性為attribute的對象
     * @param req
     * @param attribute 設置屬性
     * @param o 設置對象
     * 2006-5-16 18:17:50
     */
    public void setSessionObject( HttpServletRequest req, String attribute,
            Object o )
    {
        req.getSession().setAttribute( attribute, o );
    } 

    /**
     * 設置application中屬性為attribute的對象
     * @param req
     * @param attribute 設置屬性
     * @param o 設置對象
     * 2006-5-16 18:17:50
     */
    public void setAppObject( String attribute, Object o )
    {
        servlet.getServletContext().setAttribute( attribute, o );
    } 

    public Object getSessionObject( HttpServletRequest req, String attribute )
    {
        Object obj = null;
        HttpSession session = req.getSession( false );
        if ( session != null ) obj = session.getAttribute( attribute );
        return obj;
    } 

    public Object getAppObject( String attribute )
    {
        return servlet.getServletContext().getAttribute( attribute );
    } 

    public void callParentGo( HttpServletResponse res, String msg, String url )
            throws IOException
    {
        HtmlUtil.callParentGo( res.getWriter(), msg, url );
    } 

    public void callMeGo( HttpServletResponse res, String msg, String url )
            throws IOException
    {
        HtmlUtil.callMeGo( res.getWriter(), msg, url );
    } 

    public void callBack( HttpServletResponse res, String msg )
            throws IOException
    {
        HtmlUtil.callBack( res.getWriter(), msg );
    } 

    public void callMeConfirm( HttpServletResponse res, String msg, String ok,
            String no ) throws IOException
    {
        HtmlUtil.callMeConfirm( res.getWriter(), msg, ok, no );
    }
} 
對于程序中的一些提示信息，我比較喜歡用JS來寫，所以我把這些都放到了一個類中
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Writer; 

public class HtmlUtil
{
    public static void callParentGo( Writer out, String msg, String url )
            throws IOException
    {
        out.write( "" );
    } 

    public static void callMeGo( Writer out, String msg, String url )
            throws IOException
    {
        out.write( "" );
    } 

    public static void callMeConfirm( Writer out, String msg ,String ok, String no )
            throws IOException
    {
        out.write( "" );
    } 

    public static void callBack( Writer out, String msg ) throws IOException
    {
        out.write( "" );
    }
}