開發環境:?

Java?SDK?(I?am?currently?using?version?1.4.1)?


Ant?(using?version?1.5.3)


Apache?Tomcat?(using?version?4.1.24)

您可以用功能相同的任何容器或者java運行環境?

第1步:開發路徑?
為了保留我們的開發中每一步的流程，我們將保存所有的源碼和文件。?
首先，我們創建一個springapp的目錄（你可以將這個目錄建在任何地方）,然后，在springapp目錄下創建子目錄src,用來保存java資源文件。然后我們建立另一個子目錄war，這個目錄將保存生成的war文件。?
建立WEB-INF子目錄，和它的classes，lib子目錄。?
OK,你的目錄應該這個樣子：?
代碼:?

-spirngapp?
??-WEB-INF?
??????-classes?
??????-lib?
??-src?
??-war?


第2步:創建jsp?
我們創建一個jsp文件-index.jsp在springapp目錄下,這將是我們應用程序的入口.?

代碼:?
springapp/index.jsp?

?
?
?

Example?-?Spring?Application

?

This?is?my?test.

?
?
??????


現在，我們來完成這個web應用,在WEB-INF下建立web.xml文件?
代碼:?

springapp/WEB-INF/web.xml?
?
?

?


???
?????
??????index.jsp?
?????
???

?


第3步:部署這個應用到Tomcat?
現在我們來寫Ant腳本文件，用于建立，部署，控制這個應用.?
代碼:?

springapp/build.xml?
?

?
?????

?????
?????
?????
?????

?????
?????????
?????????????
?????????
?????????
?????????????
?????????
?????

?????
?????????
?????????
?????????
?????????
?????????
?????????
?????????建立應用"/>?
?????????部署應用"/>?
?????????部署war文件"/>?
?????????安裝應用"/>?
?????????重載應用"/>?
?????????啟動Tomcat?application"/>?
?????????停止?Tomcat?application"/>?
??????????列表?Tomcat?applications"/>?
?????????
?????

?
?
?
?????
?????????
???????????????????????deprecation="false"?optimize="false"?failonerror="true">?
?????????????
?????????????
?????????
?????

?????
?????????
?????????????
?????????????????
?????????????
?????????
?????

?????
?????????????????????webxml="${web.dir}/WEB-INF/web.xml">?
?????????????
?????????????????
?????????????
?????????
?????????
?????????????
?????????????????
?????????????
?????????
?????


?
?
?

?????
?????????
?????????????
?????????
?????
?????
?????????
?????????????
?????????
?????
?????
?????????
?????????????
?????????
?????
?????
?????????
?????????????
?????????
?????
?????
?????????
?????????????
?????????
?????

?????
?????????????????????????username="${tomcat.manager.username}"?
?????????????????password="${tomcat.manager.password}"?
?????????????????path="/${name}"?
?????????????????war="${name}"/>?
?????

?????
?????????????????????????username="${tomcat.manager.username}"?
?????????????????password="${tomcat.manager.password}"?
?????????????????path="/${name}"/>?
?????
?
?????????????????????????username="${tomcat.manager.username}"?
?????????????????password="${tomcat.manager.password}"?
?????????????????path="/${name}"/>?
?????

?????
?????????????????????????username="${tomcat.manager.username}"?
?????????????????password="${tomcat.manager.password}"?
?????????????????path="/${name}"/>?
?????

?????
?????????????????????????username="${tomcat.manager.username}"?
?????????????????password="${tomcat.manager.password}"/>?
?????

?

?


這個Ant腳本包含了建立應用主要的工具命令,但是，這個腳本要配合build.properties使用.?
代碼:?

springapp/build.properties?
#?Ant?properties?for?building?the?springapp?

deploy.path=/home/trisberg/jakarta-tomcat-4.1.24/webapps?
#deploy.path=c:/Tomcat?4.1/webapps?
#deploy.path=c:/bea/user_projects/domains/mydomain/applications?

tomcat.home=/home/trisberg/jakarta-tomcat-4.1.24?
#tomcat.home=?c:/Tomcat?4.1?
tomcat.manager.url=http://localhost:8080/manager?
tomcat.manager.username=admin?
tomcat.manager.password=tomcat?


deploy.path?是tomcat的應用目錄?
tomcat.path?是tomcat的主目錄?
tomcat.manager.url是管理訪問路徑，注意你的端口是否正確?
tomcat.manager.username,tomcat.manager.password?我就不用說了吧?

如果你執行install命令，將在tomcat?webapps目錄下建立springapp目錄。?
如果你用其他的web應用服務器,那么你可以刪除tomcat指定的命令集,你可以用server提供的熱部署進行啟動和停止你的應用.?

現在我們來看一下ant提供的每個命令，在你的springapp目錄下執行ant?

代碼:?
C:\projects\springapp>ant?
Buildfile:?build.xml?

usage:?

?????[echo]?springapp?build?file?
?????[echo]?-----------------------------------?

?????[echo]?Available?targets?are:?

?????[echo]?build?????????????????-->?建立應用?
?????[echo]?deploy???????????????-->?部署應用?
?????[echo]?deploywar?????????-->?部署war文件?
?????[echo]?install????????????????-->?安裝應用?
?????[echo]?reload????????????????-->?重載應用?
?????[echo]?start???????????????????-->?啟動?springapp?
?????[echo]?stop???????????????????-->?停止?springapp?
?????[echo]?list?????????????????????-->?列表?Tomcat?applications?


BUILD?SUCCESSFUL?
Total?time:?5?seconds?


現在，我們來部署應用,執行ant?deploy?

代碼:?
Ant?deploy?
e:\projects\springapp>ant?deploy?
Buildfile:?build.xml?
??
deploy:?
?????[copy]?Copying?1?file?to?C:\Tomcat?4.1\webapps\springapp?
??
BUILD?SUCCESSFUL?
Total?time:?1?seconds?


第4步：測試應用?
先看一下我們是否把應用部署成功?

代碼:?
Ant?list?
E:\projects\springapp>ant?list?
Buildfile:?build.xml?

list:?
?????[list]?OK?-?Listed?applications?for?virtual?host?localhost?

?????[list]?/admin:running:0:../server/webapps/admin?

?????[list]?/webdav:running:0:C:\Tomcat?4.1\webapps\webdav?

?????[list]?/springapp:running:1:C:\Tomcat?4.1\webapps\springapp?

?????[list]?/examples:running:0:examples?

?????[list]?/ofproject:running:0:C:\Tomcat?4.1\webapps\ofproject?

?????[list]?/tomcat-docs:running:0:C:\Tomcat?4.1\webapps\tomcat-docs?

?????[list]?/:running:0:C:\Tomcat?4.1\webapps\ROOT?

?????[list]?/manager:running:0:../server/webapps/manager?


BUILD?SUCCESSFUL?
Total?time:?5?seconds?


如果你還沒有安裝,請執行ant?install?

代碼:?
Ant?install?
E:\projects\springapp>ant?install?
Buildfile:?build.xml?
??
install:?
??[install]?OK?-?Installed?application?at?context?path?/springapp?
??
??
BUILD?SUCCESSFUL?
Total?time:?2?seconds?



現在，讓我們打開瀏覽器看一下結果http://localhost:8080/springapp/index.jsp?


第5步：下載spring?framework?package?
如果你還沒有下在spring，請到www.springframework.org/download.html.?尋找最新版本.?

下面我們將完成利用spring?framework?進行開發MVC?應用程序.?


第6步:修改web.xml?

進入WEB-INF目錄編輯web.xml?


代碼:?
WEB-INF/web.xml?
?
?

?

??
????springapp?
?????
???????org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet?
?????
????1?
???

???
????springapp?
????*.htm?
???

???
?????
??????index.jsp?
?????
???

?



在WEB-INF目錄下創建一個springapp-servlet.xml文件，它的命名規則是web.xml中的servlet-name?加上'-servlet'后綴,這是在springframework中的標準命名法則.?
現在，我們聲明一個bean?:springappController?他對應的類是SpringappController.class?
這個定義用于我們控制業務邏輯。我們還需要定義一個url?mapping作為http調用的路徑.?



代碼:?
springapp/WEB-INF/springapp-servlet.xml?

?
?

?

?
?????

?????
?????????
?????????????
????????????????springappController?
?????????????
?????????
?????
?



第7步：添加支持包?

從spring的下載文件包中找到,spring.jar?(spring-framework-1.0-m1/dist/spring.jar)?拷貝到WEB-INF/lib下面。?
拷貝spring-framework-1.0-m1/lib/log4j/log4j-1.2.8.jar?和?spring-framework-1.0-m1/lib/jakarta-commons/commons-logging.jar到WEB-INF/lib下面。?

第8步：創建springappController?

代碼:?

springapp/src/SpringappController.java?
import?org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;?
import?org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;?

import?javax.servlet.ServletException;?
import?javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;?
import?javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;?

import?java.io.IOException;?

public?class?SpringappController?implements?Controller?{?

????public?ModelAndView?handleRequest(HttpServletRequest?request,?HttpServletResponse?response)?
????????????throws?ServletException,?IOException?{?
????????return?new?ModelAndView("");?
????}?
}?


這只是一個基礎控制框架，稍候我們完成它.?


第9步:建立應用?

代碼:?
Ant?build?
E:\projects\springapp>ant?build?
Buildfile:?build.xml?

build:?
????[javac]?Compiling?1?source?file?to?E:\projects\springapp\WEB-INF\classes?

BUILD?SUCCESSFUL?
Total?time:?2?seconds?


第10步:建立日志系統?
spring利用log4j來管理日志，在classes目錄下建立log4j.properties?

代碼:?
springapp/war/WEB-INF/classes/log4j.properties?
log4j.rootCategory=INFO,?stdout,?logfile?

log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender?
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout?
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d?%p?[%c]?-?<%m>%n?

log4j.appender.logfile=org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender?
log4j.appender.logfile.File=e:/projects/springapp/springapp.log?
log4j.appender.logfile.MaxFileSize=512KB?
#?Keep?three?backup?files?
log4j.appender.logfile.MaxBackupIndex=3?
log4j.appender.logfile.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout?
#Pattern?to?output?:?date?priority?[category]?-?line_separator?
log4j.appender.logfile.layout.ConversionPattern=%d?%p?[%c]?-?<%m>%n?


第11步：部署應用?
運行ant?deploy?

第12步：創建視圖?

代碼:?
springapp/war/hello.jsp?
?
?
?

Hello?-?Spring?Application

?

Greetings.

?
?
?


下面我們修改SpringappController.java?

代碼:?

springapp/src/SpringappController.java?
import?org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;?
import?org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;?

import?javax.servlet.ServletException;?
import?javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;?
import?javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;?

import?java.io.IOException;?

import?org.apache.commons.logging.Log;?
import?org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;?

public?class?SpringappController?implements?Controller?{?

???/**?Logger?for?this?class?and?subclasses?*/?
????protected?final?Log?logger?=?LogFactory.getLog(getClass());?

????public?ModelAndView?handleRequest(HttpServletRequest?request,?HttpServletResponse?response)?
????????????throws?ServletException,?IOException?{?

???????logger.info("SpringappController?-?returning?hello?view");?

????????return?new?ModelAndView("hello.jsp");?
????}?
}?


現在我們運行build,?deploy,?stop,?start?命令.?
這樣我們就成功地建立了一個mvc應用，訪問http://loaclhost:8080/springapp/hello.htm?


小結?
以上，我們快速地利用spring?framework建立了MVC應用程序,?
1、建立index.jsp,測試管理工具和開發環境?
2、編寫springapp-servlet.xml配置文件。?
3、編寫控制器代碼,SpringappController.java結合springapp-servlet中的定義進行工作.?
4、編寫、展示hello.jsp,完成MVC的應用程序.?

posted on 2005-10-14 10:18 Sung 閱讀(380) 評論(0)  編輯  收藏 所屬分類: Ｊａｖａ