JavaMail(1)--使用SMTP協(xié)議發(fā)送簡(jiǎn)單郵件
Posted on 2009-05-31 00:29 啥都寫點(diǎn) 閱讀(961) 評(píng)論(0) 編輯 收藏 所屬分類: J2SE關(guān)鍵技術(shù):
- javax.mail.Session:定義了一個(gè)基本郵件回話,是JavaMail API最高層入口類。所有其他類都是經(jīng)由這個(gè)Session才得以生效。Session對(duì)象用java.util.Properties對(duì)象獲取信息,如郵件服務(wù)器、用戶名、密碼及整個(gè)應(yīng)用程序中共享的其他信息。
- java.mail.Message:存儲(chǔ)郵件的消息內(nèi)容,因?yàn)樗浅橄箢悾仨氂靡粋€(gè)子類,最常用的子類是javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage,它支持MIME格式的郵件,MIME是多用途Internet郵件擴(kuò)充協(xié)議,擴(kuò)充基本的面向文本的Internet郵件系統(tǒng),可以再消息中包含二進(jìn)制附件。
- javax.mail.Address:用于確定郵件的地址。Address是個(gè)抽象類,一般使用javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress類。
- javax.mail.Authenticator:JavaMail API可以利用Authenticator通過(guò)用戶名和密碼訪問(wèn)郵件服務(wù)器。Authenticator是抽象類,需要先定義它的子類,并重寫它的getPasswordAuthentication方法,在方法中返回PasswordAuthentication實(shí)例。子類對(duì)象創(chuàng)建后,需要向Sesstion注冊(cè)Authenticator。在需要身份認(rèn)證的時(shí)候,Session就會(huì)通知Authenticator。
- javax.mail.Transport:調(diào)用Transport的send靜態(tài)方法可以發(fā)送郵件,參數(shù)為一個(gè)Message對(duì)象。
package book.email;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
* 發(fā)送郵件需要使用的基本信息
*/
public class MailSenderInfo {
// 發(fā)送郵件的服務(wù)器的IP和端口
private String mailServerHost;
private String mailServerPort = "25";
// 郵件發(fā)送者的地址
private String fromAddress;
// 郵件接收者的地址
private String toAddress;
// 登陸郵件發(fā)送服務(wù)器的用戶名和密碼
private String userName;
private String password;
// 是否需要身份驗(yàn)證
private boolean validate = true;
// 郵件主題
private String subject;
// 郵件的文本內(nèi)容
private String content;
// 郵件附件的文件名
private String[] attachFileNames;
/**
* 獲得郵件會(huì)話屬性
*/
public Properties getProperties(){
Properties p = new Properties();
p.put("mail.smtp.host", this.mailServerHost);
p.put("mail.smtp.port", this.mailServerPort);
p.put("mail.smtp.auth", validate ? "true" : "false");
return p;
}
public String getMailServerHost() {
return mailServerHost;
}
public void setMailServerHost(String mailServerHost) {
this.mailServerHost = mailServerHost;
}
public String getMailServerPort() {
return mailServerPort;
}
public void setMailServerPort(String mailServerPort) {
this.mailServerPort = mailServerPort;
}
public boolean isValidate() {
return validate;
}
public void setValidate(boolean validate) {
this.validate = validate;
}
public String[] getAttachFileNames() {
return attachFileNames;
}
public void setAttachFileNames(String[] fileNames) {
this.attachFileNames = fileNames;
}
public String getFromAddress() {
return fromAddress;
}
public void setFromAddress(String fromAddress) {
this.fromAddress = fromAddress;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public String getToAddress() {
return toAddress;
}
public void setToAddress(String toAddress) {
this.toAddress = toAddress;
}
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getSubject() {
return subject;
}
public void setSubject(String subject) {
this.subject = subject;
}
public String getContent() {
return content;
}
public void setContent(String textContent) {
this.content = textContent;
}
}
import java.util.Properties;
/**
* 發(fā)送郵件需要使用的基本信息
*/
public class MailSenderInfo {
// 發(fā)送郵件的服務(wù)器的IP和端口
private String mailServerHost;
private String mailServerPort = "25";
// 郵件發(fā)送者的地址
private String fromAddress;
// 郵件接收者的地址
private String toAddress;
// 登陸郵件發(fā)送服務(wù)器的用戶名和密碼
private String userName;
private String password;
// 是否需要身份驗(yàn)證
private boolean validate = true;
// 郵件主題
private String subject;
// 郵件的文本內(nèi)容
private String content;
// 郵件附件的文件名
private String[] attachFileNames;
/**
* 獲得郵件會(huì)話屬性
*/
public Properties getProperties(){
Properties p = new Properties();
p.put("mail.smtp.host", this.mailServerHost);
p.put("mail.smtp.port", this.mailServerPort);
p.put("mail.smtp.auth", validate ? "true" : "false");
return p;
}
public String getMailServerHost() {
return mailServerHost;
}
public void setMailServerHost(String mailServerHost) {
this.mailServerHost = mailServerHost;
}
public String getMailServerPort() {
return mailServerPort;
}
public void setMailServerPort(String mailServerPort) {
this.mailServerPort = mailServerPort;
}
public boolean isValidate() {
return validate;
}
public void setValidate(boolean validate) {
this.validate = validate;
}
public String[] getAttachFileNames() {
return attachFileNames;
}
public void setAttachFileNames(String[] fileNames) {
this.attachFileNames = fileNames;
}
public String getFromAddress() {
return fromAddress;
}
public void setFromAddress(String fromAddress) {
this.fromAddress = fromAddress;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public String getToAddress() {
return toAddress;
}
public void setToAddress(String toAddress) {
this.toAddress = toAddress;
}
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getSubject() {
return subject;
}
public void setSubject(String subject) {
this.subject = subject;
}
public String getContent() {
return content;
}
public void setContent(String textContent) {
this.content = textContent;
}
}
package book.email;
import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
/**
* 郵件身份認(rèn)證器,在發(fā)送郵件時(shí)使用
*/
public class MyAuthenticator extends Authenticator{
// 登陸發(fā)送郵件服務(wù)器的用戶名
private String userName;
// 登陸發(fā)送郵件服務(wù)器的密碼
private String password;
public MyAuthenticator(String userName, String password){
this.userName = userName;
this.password = password;
}
/**
* 覆蓋父類的該方法,獲得密碼認(rèn)證器
*/
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password);
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
}
import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
/**
* 郵件身份認(rèn)證器,在發(fā)送郵件時(shí)使用
*/
public class MyAuthenticator extends Authenticator{
// 登陸發(fā)送郵件服務(wù)器的用戶名
private String userName;
// 登陸發(fā)送郵件服務(wù)器的密碼
private String password;
public MyAuthenticator(String userName, String password){
this.userName = userName;
this.password = password;
}
/**
* 覆蓋父類的該方法,獲得密碼認(rèn)證器
*/
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password);
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
}
package book.email;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.mail.Address;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
/**
* 簡(jiǎn)單郵件(不帶附件的郵件)發(fā)送器
*/
public class SimpleMailSender {
/**
* 以文本格式發(fā)送郵件
* @param mailInfo 待發(fā)送的郵件的信息
*/
public static boolean sendTextMail(MailSenderInfo mailInfo) {
// 判斷是否需要身份認(rèn)證
MyAuthenticator authenticator = null;
if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {
// 如果需要身份認(rèn)證,則創(chuàng)建一個(gè)密碼驗(yàn)證器
authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(),
mailInfo.getPassword());
}
// 根據(jù)郵件會(huì)話屬性和密碼驗(yàn)證器構(gòu)造一個(gè)發(fā)送郵件的session
Session sendMailSession = Session.getInstance(mailInfo
.getProperties(), authenticator);
try {
// 根據(jù)session創(chuàng)建一個(gè)郵件消息
Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);
// 創(chuàng)建郵件發(fā)送者地址
Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());
// 設(shè)置郵件消息的發(fā)送者
mailMessage.setFrom(from);
// 創(chuàng)建郵件的接收者地址,并設(shè)置到郵件消息中
Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());
mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,to);
// 設(shè)置郵件消息的主題
mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject());
// 設(shè)置郵件消息發(fā)送的時(shí)間
mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());
// 設(shè)置郵件消息的主要內(nèi)容
String mailContent = mailInfo.getContent();
mailMessage.setText(mailContent);
// 發(fā)送郵件
Transport.send(mailMessage);
return true;
} catch (MessagingException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}
/**
* 以HTML格式發(fā)送郵件
* @param mailInfo 待發(fā)送的郵件信息
*/
public static boolean sendHtmlMail(MailSenderInfo mailInfo){
// 判斷是否需要身份認(rèn)證
MyAuthenticator authenticator = null;
if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {
// 如果需要身份認(rèn)證,則創(chuàng)建一個(gè)密碼驗(yàn)證器
authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(),
mailInfo.getPassword());
}
// 根據(jù)郵件會(huì)話屬性和密碼驗(yàn)證器構(gòu)造一個(gè)發(fā)送郵件的session
Session sendMailSession = Session.getInstance(mailInfo
.getProperties(), authenticator);
try {
// 根據(jù)session創(chuàng)建一個(gè)郵件消息
Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);
// 創(chuàng)建郵件發(fā)送者地址
Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());
// 設(shè)置郵件消息的發(fā)送者
mailMessage.setFrom(from);
// 創(chuàng)建郵件的接收者地址,并設(shè)置到郵件消息中
Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());
// Message.RecipientType.TO屬性表示接收者的類型為TO
mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,to);
// 設(shè)置郵件消息的主題
mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject());
// 設(shè)置郵件消息發(fā)送的時(shí)間
mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());
// MiniMultipart類是一個(gè)容器類,包含MimeBodyPart類型的對(duì)象
Multipart mainPart = new MimeMultipart();
// 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)包含HTML內(nèi)容的MimeBodyPart
BodyPart html = new MimeBodyPart();
// 設(shè)置HTML內(nèi)容
html.setContent(mailInfo.getContent(), "text/html; charset=GBK");
mainPart.addBodyPart(html);
// 將MiniMultipart對(duì)象設(shè)置為郵件內(nèi)容
mailMessage.setContent(mainPart);
// 發(fā)送郵件
Transport.send(mailMessage);
return true;
} catch (MessagingException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 創(chuàng)建郵件信息
MailSenderInfo mailInfo = new MailSenderInfo();
mailInfo.setMailServerHost("smtp.sina.com.cn");
mailInfo.setMailServerPort("25");
mailInfo.setValidate(true);
mailInfo.setUserName("***");
mailInfo.setPassword("***");
mailInfo.setFromAddress("***@sina.com");
mailInfo.setToAddress("***@163.com");
mailInfo.setSubject("MyMail測(cè)試");
mailInfo.setContent("我的郵件測(cè)試\n\rMy test mail\n\r");
// 以文本格式發(fā)送郵件
SimpleMailSender.sendTextMail(mailInfo);
// 以HTML格式發(fā)送郵件
SimpleMailSender.sendHtmlMail(mailInfo);
}
}
import java.util.Date;
import javax.mail.Address;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
/**
* 簡(jiǎn)單郵件(不帶附件的郵件)發(fā)送器
*/
public class SimpleMailSender {
/**
* 以文本格式發(fā)送郵件
* @param mailInfo 待發(fā)送的郵件的信息
*/
public static boolean sendTextMail(MailSenderInfo mailInfo) {
// 判斷是否需要身份認(rèn)證
MyAuthenticator authenticator = null;
if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {
// 如果需要身份認(rèn)證,則創(chuàng)建一個(gè)密碼驗(yàn)證器
authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(),
mailInfo.getPassword());
}
// 根據(jù)郵件會(huì)話屬性和密碼驗(yàn)證器構(gòu)造一個(gè)發(fā)送郵件的session
Session sendMailSession = Session.getInstance(mailInfo
.getProperties(), authenticator);
try {
// 根據(jù)session創(chuàng)建一個(gè)郵件消息
Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);
// 創(chuàng)建郵件發(fā)送者地址
Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());
// 設(shè)置郵件消息的發(fā)送者
mailMessage.setFrom(from);
// 創(chuàng)建郵件的接收者地址,并設(shè)置到郵件消息中
Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());
mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,to);
// 設(shè)置郵件消息的主題
mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject());
// 設(shè)置郵件消息發(fā)送的時(shí)間
mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());
// 設(shè)置郵件消息的主要內(nèi)容
String mailContent = mailInfo.getContent();
mailMessage.setText(mailContent);
// 發(fā)送郵件
Transport.send(mailMessage);
return true;
} catch (MessagingException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}
/**
* 以HTML格式發(fā)送郵件
* @param mailInfo 待發(fā)送的郵件信息
*/
public static boolean sendHtmlMail(MailSenderInfo mailInfo){
// 判斷是否需要身份認(rèn)證
MyAuthenticator authenticator = null;
if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {
// 如果需要身份認(rèn)證,則創(chuàng)建一個(gè)密碼驗(yàn)證器
authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(),
mailInfo.getPassword());
}
// 根據(jù)郵件會(huì)話屬性和密碼驗(yàn)證器構(gòu)造一個(gè)發(fā)送郵件的session
Session sendMailSession = Session.getInstance(mailInfo
.getProperties(), authenticator);
try {
// 根據(jù)session創(chuàng)建一個(gè)郵件消息
Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);
// 創(chuàng)建郵件發(fā)送者地址
Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());
// 設(shè)置郵件消息的發(fā)送者
mailMessage.setFrom(from);
// 創(chuàng)建郵件的接收者地址,并設(shè)置到郵件消息中
Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());
// Message.RecipientType.TO屬性表示接收者的類型為TO
mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,to);
// 設(shè)置郵件消息的主題
mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject());
// 設(shè)置郵件消息發(fā)送的時(shí)間
mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());
// MiniMultipart類是一個(gè)容器類,包含MimeBodyPart類型的對(duì)象
Multipart mainPart = new MimeMultipart();
// 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)包含HTML內(nèi)容的MimeBodyPart
BodyPart html = new MimeBodyPart();
// 設(shè)置HTML內(nèi)容
html.setContent(mailInfo.getContent(), "text/html; charset=GBK");
mainPart.addBodyPart(html);
// 將MiniMultipart對(duì)象設(shè)置為郵件內(nèi)容
mailMessage.setContent(mainPart);
// 發(fā)送郵件
Transport.send(mailMessage);
return true;
} catch (MessagingException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 創(chuàng)建郵件信息
MailSenderInfo mailInfo = new MailSenderInfo();
mailInfo.setMailServerHost("smtp.sina.com.cn");
mailInfo.setMailServerPort("25");
mailInfo.setValidate(true);
mailInfo.setUserName("***");
mailInfo.setPassword("***");
mailInfo.setFromAddress("***@sina.com");
mailInfo.setToAddress("***@163.com");
mailInfo.setSubject("MyMail測(cè)試");
mailInfo.setContent("我的郵件測(cè)試\n\rMy test mail\n\r");
// 以文本格式發(fā)送郵件
SimpleMailSender.sendTextMail(mailInfo);
// 以HTML格式發(fā)送郵件
SimpleMailSender.sendHtmlMail(mailInfo);
}
}
-- 學(xué)海無(wú)涯