[開始練習(xí)聽力，從最喜歡的AWA開始]
AUDIO: [
http://media.rawvoice.com/arewealone/traffic.libsyn.com/arewealone/AWA_11-01-24.mp3]
Seth: Science is about discovery.New finding such as the earth is round, apparently, that's just in.New observations of black holes and investigations of perplex phenomenon, for example, how cats lap up milk, that sorts of thing, Eureka and all that. But we are interested today in what's gone missing in science. That's why have here the science classified want ads. This is Are We Alone. I'm Seth Shostak.
Molly: I'm Molly Bentley. Well, Seth, before we dive into the want ads you have there, figuring out what is missing in science is often a matter when you ask the question, because evidence that is missing is often discovered in time. For example, you know, fossil that shows the transition
between reptiles and birds was missing for a long time. Scientists hadn't found
it, but we now do have it.
Seth: Right! Eh, when Mendeleev
invented the periodic table 150 years ago, there were some blank spots, for
example, he was looking for an element that have the properties like silicon
but heavier. It was missing, but not for long. Soon chemists found the Germanium,
and it plugged the gap.
Molly: And Germanium was used in the first transistors, but
these days they are made of Silicon, otherwise, our studio will be in the Germanium
belly.
Seth: Right. And if we talk about this subject 50 years ago,
we might have long form explanation why the east bulge of southern America fits
so nicely into the coast line of Africa. The point is, the thing about science
is that things that are known to be missing because a theory says it must exist
are frequently and eventually found. And that’s because scientists go look for
them since they know what they are looking for. Their tools get better and so
forth.
Molly: OK, what's missing today? What do you have there on the paper? Seth, the science classifies.
Seth: Oh, let me see here. Oh, here is a good one. "Wanted: a cure for the cold". Well, Molly, you know it has to be somewhere, but scientists haven't found it.
Molly: That ads probably has been in classifies for a long time. How about something that's missing that is a little grander in scale? Anything like that?
Seth: Okay, let me look at the grander column. Here we go, "wanted: an explanation for 72% of the universe."
Molly: Wow, that's gone missing? 72% of the universe. What else it says there?
Seth: It's mysterious and blowing space apart. Cosmologies are in the dark about what it is. If found, call ... There is a number down here.
Molly: Call it! If there is a number call it. Let's find out more.
Seth: Okay!
Saul Perlmutter
Saul: Hello, this is Saul Perlmutter, at the University of California Berkley, and
Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.
Seth: Saul, this is Seth Shostak, with the science radio show - Are We Alone. Eh, you are cosmologist and I've read your ad. What is this stuff?
Saul: <laugh> Well, we've discovered that the universe is doing something a little bit unexpected. It's speeding up as it expands. So, it gets bigger and bigger and faster and faster. And, we suspect that there maybe an energy that we call dark energy. And it may make up 3/4 of all the stuff in the universe, but we don't know what it is and where it is.
Seth: Well, now wait a minute. Why do we think it is really there? I mean if it's missing, why do we need it to exist?
Saul: Well you need something that would power this amazing expansion of the universe to the point that it's going faster and faster as it expands. And one of the simplest ways perhaps to do it is if you can put an energy that prevails all of empty space.
Seth: Well what do we know is all about dark energy. It's something that is pushing the universe apart, it's causing the universe to blow up like a balloon. Do we know anything about what it is or its properties?
Saul: We have very little to go on so far. We know that it has a set of unusual properties that it has to have a sort of bouncing it to it, bringing it to it, and make the universe reproduce faster, so you get more and more universe, faster and faster. And that particular springiness, something we try to measure by going back and doing that same kind of measurement the history adventure of the universe was in much much more detail. And in the end, we hope that would begin to help us to differentiate the different possible explanations for what's going on.
Seth: Well, could you dare to guess what it might be? I mean maybe it's not a particle, not something you can put into a bottle and shack around, I mean it's just ...
Saul: No, I mean any ordinary stuff that we are used to, you know, touching, seeing... All those things are made out of materials that we know how springy they are. They are not very springy and in fact they will all make the universe slow down. So it has to be in a completely different category of substance and this is why it's such a surprise to the physics world that we have been doing very well accounting for everything we see with what they call the standard model of physics. You can break things down to many many definite places. And yet, it could be that the three quarter of the universe is in the form that we have not even included in the current study.
Seth: Okay. But Saul, is there any chance that this dark energy could all just be a mistake? I mean the claim that it exists depends on measuring an exploding star supernovae in galaxies far far away. Maybe the astronomers calibrated those exploding stars incorrectly, I mean, could dark energy just be a measurement error?
<...>
最近整理一下java和c的數(shù)組的區(qū)別，因為我常常把兩者用法混在一起。
- java的數(shù)組是對象；c的數(shù)組是數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)。
- java的數(shù)組聲明的時候不能包含數(shù)組的大小，只能在新建對象的時候指定數(shù)組大小；c的數(shù)組可以在聲明的時候包含數(shù)組大小。
// java code
int array[10]; // illegal!!!
int array[] = new int[10]; // legal
// c code
int array[10]; // legal;
- 新建基本數(shù)據(jù)類型的java數(shù)組的時候，無論在哪里新建，都具有初始值；c的數(shù)組僅當在全局變量和靜態(tài)變量的情況下才有初始值，局部非靜態(tài)變量沒有初始值。
- java的數(shù)組在聲明的時候，[]可以在變量的左邊或者右邊，可以空格也可以不空格；c的數(shù)組在聲明的時候[]只能在變量的右邊。
// java code
int array[] = new int[3]; // legal;
int[] array = new int[3]; // legal;
int []array = new int[3]; // legal;
// c code
int [12] array; // illegal
int array[12]; // legal
int array [12]; // legal
不正確之處請指明，謝謝。
1. Local variables in block with same name.
int var = 1;
{
int var = 2;
{
int var = 3;
}
}
2. Rightmost value
int i, k=3, j=0;
i = (k++, j++); // after this, i==0, j==1, k==4
3. Rightmost value in "while" block
while(i = foo(), i != 0){
}
硬件配置：Dell Latitude C600 PIII 850MHz/256M
Ubuntu Version: 6.10 Edgy Eft
1. 對系統(tǒng)做過某種改動后，字體明顯變小，怎么回事？
A: DPI被改 動了，而不是字體的問題。試試這個
echo " Xft.dpi: 96 " | xrdb - merge
2. Stardict怎么打不開金山詞霸的詞典？
A: Stardict 2.4.8才 開始支持金山的詞庫，之前的版本不行。
3. 有沒有像Windows里面的龍卷風(fēng)收音機一樣的軟件？
A: 有，Streamtuner，而且比 龍卷風(fēng)要好很多，就是中文節(jié)目少了點。
4. 龍卷風(fēng)收音機能看Research Channel，Streamtuner能么？
A: Research Channel的網(wǎng)站提供了http://www.researchchannel.org/prog/webcastasx/rtv-lan.asx文件，直接用gXine打 開就可以看了。但是 Mplayer好像不能打 開，原因調(diào)查中。
5. xmms界面亂碼怎么辦？
A: 試試 ln -s /etc/gtk/gtkrc.zh_CN /etc/gtk/gtkrc.zh_CN.utf-8
6. 如何為Dell Latitude筆記本安裝風(fēng)扇散熱控制程序i8k?
A: 首先下載i8k，然后在編輯/etc/modules，加入i8k force=1，這樣就可以在啟動系統(tǒng)的時候自動啟動i8k。
sudo apt-get install i8k
sudo nano /etc/modules
/*modules*/
...
i8k force=1
7. Skype在XUbuntu Edgy上常常和SKIM沖突，怎么辦？A: 雖然到處都有說SKIM的不好，但是比小企鵝輸入法多了日語等語言，所以我還不得不用。試試下面的命令來解決Skype的問題：
export LANG=C
export QT_IM_MODULE="xim skype"
skype
其他使用QT編的程序都有可能和SKIM發(fā)生沖突。
8. 在Xubuntu啟動是fsck老是報告磁盤錯誤，怎么回事？A: 這種情況通常是你的計算機存在一些fat32分區(qū)，Xubuntu在啟動的時候，會自動對這些分區(qū)進行磁盤掃描，有時這樣的檢查會產(chǎn)生許多錯誤信息。如果你不想讓fsck在啟動時檢查Windows（vfat）分區(qū)，可以編輯/etc/fstab文件將第6列的pass參數(shù)改成0。
[該文將不斷累積更新]
Key Words：
OpenCV
,
Dev-COpenCV的開發(fā)很多是由Visual C的編譯器編譯的。除此之外有沒有別的選擇呢？顯然是有的，比如命令行下的gcc，可以配合Cygwin編譯出win32下的可執(zhí)行程序。此外，基于MingW的開源集成開發(fā)環(huán)境
Dev-C也是一個非常好的選擇。
最近在網(wǎng)上看見了關(guān)于Dev-C++中配置OpenCV的文章，但是覺得過于復(fù)雜了。 參見：
Dev-C++配置OpenCv
這里給出比較簡單的設(shè)置方法。（假設(shè)你已經(jīng)裝上了OpenCV，并建立好自己的Project）
首
先，打開Project Option->Directories，然后在Include
Directories里面添加OpenCV的路徑以及你自己項目的路徑。一般的，你可能用到的OpenCV的include路徑包括%OPENCV%
/cxcore/include,
%OPENCV%/cv/include,%OPENCV%/cvaux/include和%OPENCV%/otherlibs/highgui。可以
根據(jù)你的實際使用情況進行取舍，如果不知道自己會用到哪些，就把他們?nèi)磉M去好了，如下圖所示。
?
接
著，在Project
Option->Parameters中的Linker里面添加%OPENCV%/lib/cxcore.lib,%OPENCV%
/lib/cv.lib,%OPENCV%/lib/cvaux.lib和%OPENCV%/lib/highgui.lib這幾個和Include
Directories向?qū)?yīng)的lib庫。缺少這一設(shè)置的話，你的程序編譯成目標文件的時候沒問題，但是連接的時候就不行了，所以是必須添加的。
OK，這需要這么簡單的兩步，你的Project應(yīng)該就可以順利編譯了。Good Luck~
<轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處 franktao@sohu.com>