ThreadGroup其實比ExecutorService更好
用java做抓取的時候免不了要用到多線程的了，因為要同時抓取多個網(wǎng)站或一條線程抓取一個網(wǎng)站的話實在太慢，而且有時一條線程抓取同一個網(wǎng)站的話也比較浪費(fèi)CPU資源。要用到多線程的等方面，也就免不了對線程的控制或用到線程池。 我在做我們現(xiàn)在的那一個抓取框架的時候，就曾經(jīng)用過java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService作為線程池，關(guān)于ExecutorService的使用代碼大概如下：
java.util.concurrent.Executors類的API提供大量創(chuàng)建連接池的靜態(tài)方法：1.固定大小的線程池：
package BackStage;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
public class JavaThreadPool {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 創(chuàng)建一個可重用固定線程數(shù)的線程池
ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
// 創(chuàng)建實現(xiàn)了Runnable接口對象，Thread對象當(dāng)然也實現(xiàn)了Runnable接口
Thread t1 = new MyThread();
Thread t2 = new MyThread();
Thread t3 = new MyThread();
Thread t4 = new MyThread();
Thread t5 = new MyThread();
// 將線程放入池中進(jìn)行執(zhí)行
pool.execute(t1);
pool.execute(t2);
pool.execute(t3);
pool.execute(t4);
pool.execute(t5);
// 關(guān)閉線程池
pool.shutdown();
}
}
class MyThread extends Thread {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "正在執(zhí)行。。。");
}
}
后來發(fā)現(xiàn)ExecutorService的功能沒有想像中的那么好，而且最多只是提供一個線程的容器而然，所以后來我用改用了java.lang.ThreadGroup，ThreadGroup有很多優(yōu)勢，最重要的一點就是它可以對線程進(jìn)行遍歷，知道那些線程已經(jīng)運(yùn)行完畢，還有那些線程在運(yùn)行。關(guān)于ThreadGroup的使用代碼如下：
class MyThread extends Thread {
boolean stopped;
MyThread(ThreadGroup tg, String name) {
super(tg, name);
stopped = false;
}
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " starting.");
try {
for (int i = 1; i < 1000; i++) {
System.out.print(".");
Thread.sleep(250);
synchronized (this) {
if (stopped)break;
}
}
} catch (Exception exc) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " interrupted.");
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " exiting.");
}
synchronized void myStop() {
stopped = true;
}
}
public class Main {
public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
ThreadGroup tg = new ThreadGroup("My Group");
MyThread thrd = new MyThread(tg, "MyThread #1");
MyThread thrd2 = new MyThread(tg, "MyThread #2");
MyThread thrd3 = new MyThread(tg, "MyThread #3");
thrd.start();
thrd2.start();
thrd3.start();
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println(tg.activeCount() + " threads in thread group.");
Thread thrds[] = new Thread[tg.activeCount()];
tg.enumerate(thrds);
for (Thread t : thrds)
System.out.println(t.getName());
thrd.myStop();
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println(tg.activeCount() + " threads in tg.");
tg.interrupt();
}
}
由以上的代碼可以看出：ThreadGroup比ExecutorService多以下幾個優(yōu)勢
1.ThreadGroup可以遍歷線程，知道那些線程已經(jīng)運(yùn)行完畢，那些還在運(yùn)行
2.可以通過ThreadGroup.activeCount知道有多少線程從而可以控制插入的線程數(shù)