2007年7月17日

                   how to setup jacorb dev env
1:download JacORB_2_2

       http://www.jacorb.org/download.html
  download ant
       http://ant.apache.org/bindownload.cgi

2:extact JacORB_2_2.jar to d:\JacORB_2_2

3:setup sys environment

       set ANT_HOME=
       set JAVA_HOME=
       set JACORB_HOME=d:\JacORB_2_2
       set PATH=%PATH%;%ANT_HOME%\bin;%JAVA_HOME%\bin;%JACORB_HOME%\bin;
       set CLASSPAHT=.;%CLASSPAHT%;%ANT_HOME%\lib\ant.jar;%JACORB_HOME%\lib\jarorb.jar;%JACORB_HOME%\lib\idl.jar\;%JACORB_HOME%\lib\logkit-1.2.jar

4:rename %JACORB_HOME%\etc\jacorb_properties.template to %JACORB_HOME%\etc\jacorb.properties
  and modify the 50th line to 53th line to
 
       #ORBInitRef.NameService=file:/y:/nsiona.ref
      
ORBInitRef.NameService=file://d://test//NS_Ref
      
#ORBInitRef.NameService=http://www.x.y.z/~user/NS_Ref
      
#ORBInitRef.TradingService=http://www.x.y.z/~user/TraderRef
 
  modify 618th line to
       jacorb.naming.ior_filename=d://test//NS_Ref

5:rename  %JACORB_HOME%\jacotemplate.bat to %JACORB_HOME%\jaco.bat
 
  and modify related env variable
 
  rename   %JACORB_HOME%\idltemplate.bat to %JACORB_HOME%\idl.bat
  
  and modify related env variable

6:  use ant compile and build idl and java

     cd  %JACORB_HOME%\demo\grid  

     run ant
   
     the generate class file in %JACORB_HOME%\classes  and generated java file in %JACORB_HOME%\demo\grid

7: open a new cmd window:
          cd %JACORB_HOME%   ns
 
   you can see the following result:   
       [ configuration jacorb loaded from file %JAORB_HOME%\etc\jacorb.properties]

   open a new cmd window:
          cd %JACORB_HOME%   jaco demo.grid.Server
  you can see the following result:   
  [ configuration jacorb loaded from file %JAORB_HOME%\etc\jacorb.properties]
  
  open a new cmd window:
          cd %JACORB_HOME%   jaco demo.grid.client
    you can see the following result:   
 
  [ configuration jacorb loaded from file D:\work\nj\JACORB\etc\jacorb.properties]
   Height = 31
   Width = 14
   Old value at (30,13): 0.21
   Setting (30,13) to 470.11
   New value at (30,13): 470.11
   MyException, reason: This is only a test exception, no harm done :-)
   done.

由于一些原因，最近要復(fù)習(xí)一些東西，所以就把JMS的東西再復(fù)習(xí)一遍，以下便是例子

jms 中最重要的幾個概念destination，ACKNOWLEDGE，subscribe,durable subscribe

destination：topic queque
  queue簡單點(diǎn)說就是1:1 一個消息只能由一個consumer去消費(fèi)，別的consumer來消費(fèi)的時候已經(jīng)沒了，先到先得
topic簡單點(diǎn)說就是1:N 一個消息可以由多個consumer來消費(fèi)，誰來消費(fèi)都有
 subscribe，拿topic來說如果當(dāng)前訂閱不是持久訂閱，只有再訂閱后生產(chǎn)者生產(chǎn)得消息才能被consumer得到，持久訂閱只要沒有被consumer消費(fèi)，早晚會消費(fèi)這個消息
 
 
 
 一下是幾個例子
 
 queuesend：queque消息產(chǎn)生
 queuereceive：queque消息得消費(fèi)
 topicsend ：topic消息得產(chǎn)生
 topicreceive1：topic消息的非訂閱
 topicrecieve2：topic消息的持久訂閱
 
 這個例子實(shí)在WEBLOGIC814上測試過的，當(dāng)然要定義JMSSERVER,FACTORY,DESTINATION。
 
 
 
 QueueSend
 
 import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.Hashtable;

import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.Queue;
import javax.jms.QueueConnection;
import javax.jms.QueueConnectionFactory;
import javax.jms.QueueSender;
import javax.jms.QueueSession;
import javax.jms.Session;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;
import javax.naming.Context;
import javax.naming.InitialContext;
import javax.naming.NamingException;

public class QueueSend {
 // Defines the JNDI context factory.
 public final static String JNDI_FACTORY = "weblogic.jndi.WLInitialContextFactory";

 // Defines the JNDI provider url.
 public final static String PROVIDER_URL = " t3://localhost:7001";

 // Defines the JMS connection factory for the queue.
 public final static String JMS_FACTORY = "SendJMSFactory";

 // Defines the queue.
 public final static String QUEUE = "SendJMSQueue";

 private QueueConnectionFactory qconFactory;

 private QueueConnection qcon;

 private QueueSession qsession;

 private QueueSender qsender;

 private Queue queue;

 private TextMessage msg;

 /**
  * Creates all the necessary objects for sending messages to a JMS queue.
  *
  * @param ctx
  *            JNDI initial context
  * @param queueName
  *            name of queue
  * @exception NamingException
  *                if operation cannot be performed
  * @exception JMSException
  *                if JMS fails to initialize due to internal error
  */
 public void init(Context ctx, String queueName) throws NamingException,
   JMSException {
  qconFactory = (QueueConnectionFactory) ctx.lookup(JMS_FACTORY);
  qcon = qconFactory.createQueueConnection();
  qsession = qcon.createQueueSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
  queue = (Queue) ctx.lookup(queueName);
  qsender = qsession.createSender(queue);
  msg = qsession.createTextMessage();
  qcon.start();
 }

 /**
  * Sends a message to a JMS queue.
  *
  * @param message
  *            message to be sent
  * @exception JMSException
  *                if JMS fails to send message due to internal error
  */
 public void send(String message) throws JMSException {
  msg.setText(message);
  qsender.send(msg);
 }

 /**
  * Closes JMS objects.
  *
  * @exception JMSException
  *                if JMS fails to close objects due to internal error
  */
 public void close() throws JMSException {
  qsender.close();
  qsession.close();
  qcon.close();
 }

 /**
  * main() method.
  *
  * @param args
  *            WebLogic Server URL
  * @exception Exception
  *                if operation fails
  */
 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
  try {
   InitialContext ic = getInitialContext();
   QueueSend qs = new QueueSend();
   qs.init(ic, QUEUE);
   readAndSend(qs);
   qs.close();
  } catch (Exception e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
 }

 private static void readAndSend(QueueSend qs) throws IOException,
   JMSException {
  BufferedReader msgStream = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
    System.in));
  String line = null;
  boolean quitNow = false;
  do {
   System.out.print("Enter message (\"quit\" to quit): ");
   line = msgStream.readLine();
   if (line != null && line.trim().length() != 0) {
    qs.send(line);
    System.out.println("JMS Message Sent: " + line + "\n");
    quitNow = line.equalsIgnoreCase("quit");
   }
  } while (!quitNow);

 }

 private static InitialContext getInitialContext() throws NamingException {
  Hashtable env = new Hashtable();
  env.put(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, JNDI_FACTORY);
  env.put(Context.PROVIDER_URL, PROVIDER_URL);
  return new InitialContext(env);
 }

}

QueueReceive

import java.util.Hashtable;

import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.Message;
import javax.jms.MessageListener;
import javax.jms.Queue;
import javax.jms.QueueConnection;
import javax.jms.QueueConnectionFactory;
import javax.jms.QueueReceiver;
import javax.jms.QueueSession;
import javax.jms.Session;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;
import javax.naming.Context;
import javax.naming.InitialContext;
import javax.naming.NamingException;

public class QueueReceive implements MessageListener {
 // Defines the JNDI context factory.
 public final static String JNDI_FACTORY = "weblogic.jndi.WLInitialContextFactory";

 // Defines the JNDI provider url.
 public final static String PROVIDER_URL = " t3://localhost:7001";

 // Defines the JMS connection factory for the queue.
 public final static String JMS_FACTORY = "SendJMSFactory";

 // Defines the queue.
 public final static String QUEUE = "SendJMSQueue";

 private QueueConnectionFactory qconFactory;

 private QueueConnection qcon;

 private QueueSession qsession;

 private QueueReceiver qreceiver;

 private Queue queue;

 private boolean quit = false;

 /**
  * Message listener interface.
  *
  * @param msg
  *            message
  */
 public void onMessage(Message msg) {
  try {
   String msgText;
   if (msg instanceof TextMessage) {
    msgText = ((TextMessage) msg).getText();
   } else {
    msgText = msg.toString();
   }

   System.out.println("Message Received: " + msgText);

//   if (msgText.equalsIgnoreCase("123")) {
//    synchronized (this) {
//     quit = true;
//     this.notifyAll(); // Notify main thread to quit
//    }
//   }
  } catch (JMSException jmse) {
   jmse.printStackTrace();
  }
 }

 /**
  * Creates all the necessary objects for receiving messages from a JMS
  * queue.
  *
  * @param ctx
  *            JNDI initial context
  * @param queueName
  *            name of queue
  * @exception NamingException
  *                if operation cannot be performed
  * @exception JMSException
  *                if JMS fails to initialize due to internal error
  */
 public void init(Context ctx, String queueName) throws NamingException,
   JMSException {
  qconFactory = (QueueConnectionFactory) ctx.lookup(JMS_FACTORY);
  qcon = qconFactory.createQueueConnection();
  qsession = qcon.createQueueSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
  queue = (Queue) ctx.lookup(queueName);
  qreceiver = qsession.createReceiver(queue);
  qreceiver.setMessageListener(this);
  qcon.start();
 }

 /**
  * Closes JMS objects.
  *
  * @exception JMSException
  *                if JMS fails to close objects due to internal error
  */
 public void close() throws JMSException {
  qreceiver.close();
  qsession.close();
  qcon.close();
 }

 /**
  * main() method.
  *
  * @param args
  *            WebLogic Server URL
  * @exception Exception
  *                if execution fails
  */

 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

  InitialContext ic = getInitialContext();
  QueueReceive qr = new QueueReceive();
  qr.init(ic, QUEUE);

  System.out
    .println("JMS Ready To Receive Messages (To quit, send a \"quit\" message).");

  // Wait until a "quit" message has been received.
  synchronized (qr) {
   System.out.println("111111111111");
   while (!qr.quit) {
    try {
     System.out.println("2222222222");
     qr.wait();
     System.out.println("333333333");
    } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
    }
   }
  }
  qr.close();
 }

 private static InitialContext getInitialContext() throws NamingException {
  Hashtable env = new Hashtable();
  env.put(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, JNDI_FACTORY);
  env.put(Context.PROVIDER_URL, PROVIDER_URL);
  return new InitialContext(env);
 }

}

TopicSend

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.Hashtable;

import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.Session;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;
import javax.jms.Topic;
import javax.jms.TopicConnection;
import javax.jms.TopicConnectionFactory;
import javax.jms.TopicSession;
import javax.naming.Context;
import javax.naming.InitialContext;
import javax.naming.NamingException;
import javax.jms.TopicPublisher;
public class TopicSend {
 // Defines the JNDI context factory.
 public final static String JNDI_FACTORY = "weblogic.jndi.WLInitialContextFactory";

 // Defines the JNDI provider url.
 public final static String PROVIDER_URL = " t3://localhost:7001";

 // Defines the JMS connection factory for the queue.
 public final static String JMS_FACTORY = "SendJMSFactory";

 // Defines the queue.
 public final static String TOPIC = "SendJMSTopic";

 private TopicConnectionFactory tconFactory;

 private TopicConnection tcon;

 private TopicSession tsession;

 private TopicPublisher tsender;

 private Topic topic;

 private TextMessage msg;
 public static InitialContext ic ;

 /**
  * Creates all the necessary objects for sending messages to a JMS queue.
  *
  * @param ctx
  *            JNDI initial context
  * @param queueName
  *            name of queue
  * @exception NamingException
  *                if operation cannot be performed
  * @exception JMSException
  *                if JMS fails to initialize due to internal error
  */
 public void init(Context ctx, String queueName) throws NamingException,
   JMSException {
  tconFactory = (TopicConnectionFactory) ctx.lookup(JMS_FACTORY);
  tcon = tconFactory.createTopicConnection();
  tsession = tcon.createTopicSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
  System.out.println(topic);
  topic = (Topic) ctx.lookup(queueName);
  System.out.println(topic);
  tsender = tsession.createPublisher(topic);
  msg = tsession.createTextMessage();
  tcon.start();
 }

 /**
  * Sends a message to a JMS queue.
  *
  * @param message
  *            message to be sent
  * @exception JMSException
  *                if JMS fails to send message due to internal error
  */
 public void send(String message) throws JMSException ,NamingException{
  System.out.println(topic+"-----------");
  msg.setText(message);
  tsender.publish(msg);
 }

 /**
  * Closes JMS objects.
  *
  * @exception JMSException
  *                if JMS fails to close objects due to internal error
  */
 public void close() throws JMSException {
  tsender.close();
  tsession.close();
  tcon.close();
 }

 /**
  * main() method.
  *
  * @param args
  *            WebLogic Server URL
  * @exception Exception
  *                if operation fails
  */
 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
  try {
   ic= getInitialContext();
   TopicSend ts = new TopicSend();
   ts.init(ic, TOPIC);
   readAndSend(ts);
   ts.close();
  } catch (Exception e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
 }

 private static void readAndSend(TopicSend ts) throws IOException,
   JMSException,NamingException {
  BufferedReader msgStream = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
    System.in));
  String line = null;
  boolean quitNow = false;
  do {
   System.out.print("Enter message (\"quit\" to quit): ");
   line = msgStream.readLine();
   if (line != null && line.trim().length() != 0) {
    ts.send(line);
   
    System.out.println("JMS Message Sent: " + line + "\n");
    quitNow = line.equalsIgnoreCase("quit");
   }
  } while (!quitNow);

 }

 private static InitialContext getInitialContext() throws NamingException {
  Hashtable env = new Hashtable();
  env.put(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, JNDI_FACTORY);
  env.put(Context.PROVIDER_URL, PROVIDER_URL);
  return new InitialContext(env);
 }

}

TopicReceive1

import java.util.Hashtable;

import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.Message;
import javax.jms.MessageListener;
import javax.jms.Session;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;
import javax.jms.Topic;
import javax.jms.TopicConnection;
import javax.jms.TopicConnectionFactory;
import javax.jms.TopicSession;
import javax.jms.TopicSubscriber;
import javax.naming.Context;
import javax.naming.InitialContext;
import javax.naming.NamingException;

public class TopicReceive1 implements MessageListener {
 // Defines the JNDI context factory.
 public final static String JNDI_FACTORY = "weblogic.jndi.WLInitialContextFactory";

 // Defines the JNDI provider url.
 public final static String PROVIDER_URL = " t3://localhost:7001";

 // Defines the JMS connection factory for the queue.
 public final static String JMS_FACTORY = "SendJMSFactory";

 // Defines the queue.
 public final static String TOPIC = "SendJMSTopic";

 private TopicConnectionFactory tconFactory;

 private TopicConnection tcon;

 private TopicSession tsession;

 private TopicSubscriber tsubscriber;

 private Topic topic;

 private boolean quit = false;

 /**
  * Message listener interface.
  *
  * @param msg
  *            message
  */
 public void onMessage(Message msg) {
  System.out.println("===================");
  try {
   String msgText;
   if (msg instanceof TextMessage) {
    msgText = ((TextMessage) msg).getText();
   } else {
    msgText = msg.toString();
   }

   System.out.println("Message Received: " + msgText);

//   if (msgText.equalsIgnoreCase("123")) {
//    synchronized (this) {
//     quit = true;
//     this.notifyAll(); // Notify main thread to quit
//    }
//   }
  } catch (JMSException jmse) {
   jmse.printStackTrace();
  }
 }

 /**
  * Creates all the necessary objects for receiving messages from a JMS
  * queue.
  *
  * @param ctx
  *            JNDI initial context
  * @param queueName
  *            name of queue
  * @exception NamingException
  *                if operation cannot be performed
  * @exception JMSException
  *                if JMS fails to initialize due to internal error
  */
 public void init(Context ctx, String queueName) throws NamingException,
   JMSException {
  tconFactory = (TopicConnectionFactory) ctx.lookup(JMS_FACTORY);
  tcon = tconFactory.createTopicConnection();
  tsession = tcon.createTopicSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
  topic = (Topic) ctx.lookup(queueName);
  tsubscriber = tsession.createSubscriber(topic);
  //System.out.println("12");
  //Message msg = treceiver.receive();
  //msg.acknowledge();
  //tsubscriber = tsession.createSubscriber(topic);Message msg = tsubscriber.receive();msg.acknowledge();
  //System.out.println(msg);
  tsubscriber.setMessageListener(this);
  tcon.start();
 }

 /**
  * Closes JMS objects.
  *
  * @exception JMSException
  *                if JMS fails to close objects due to internal error
  */
 public void close() throws JMSException {
  tsubscriber.close();
  tsession.close();
  tcon.close();
 }

 /**
  * main() method.
  *
  * @param args
  *            WebLogic Server URL
  * @exception Exception
  *                if execution fails
  */

 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

  InitialContext ic = getInitialContext();
  TopicReceive1 tr1 = new TopicReceive1();
  tr1.init(ic, TOPIC);

  System.out
    .println("JMS Ready To Receive Messages (To quit, send a \"quit\" message).");
  
  

  // Wait until a "quit" message has been received.
//  synchronized (tr1) {
//   System.out.println("111111111111");
//   while (!tr1.quit) {
//    try {
//     System.out.println("2222222222");
//     tr1.wait();
//     System.out.println("333333333");
//    } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
//    }
//   }
//  }
  tr1.close();
 }

 private static InitialContext getInitialContext() throws NamingException {
  Hashtable env = new Hashtable();
  env.put(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, JNDI_FACTORY);
  env.put(Context.PROVIDER_URL, PROVIDER_URL);
  return new InitialContext(env);
 }

}

TopicReceive2

import java.util.Hashtable;

import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.Session;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;
import javax.jms.Topic;
import javax.jms.TopicConnection;
import javax.jms.TopicConnectionFactory;
import javax.jms.TopicSession;
import javax.jms.TopicSubscriber;
import javax.naming.Context;
import javax.naming.InitialContext;
import javax.naming.NamingException;

public class TopicReceive2 {
 // Defines the JNDI context factory.
 public final static String JNDI_FACTORY = "weblogic.jndi.WLInitialContextFactory";

 // Defines the JNDI provider url.
 public final static String PROVIDER_URL = " t3://localhost:7001";

 // Defines the JMS connection factory for the queue.
 public final static String JMS_FACTORY = "SendJMSFactory";

 // Defines the queue.
 public final static String TOPIC = "SendJMSTopic";

 private TopicConnectionFactory tconFactory;

 private TopicConnection tcon;

 private TopicSession tsession;

 private TopicSubscriber tsubscriber;

 private Topic topic;

 private boolean quit = false;

 /**
  * Creates all the necessary objects for receiving messages from a JMS
  * queue.
  *
  * @param ctx
  *            JNDI initial context
  * @param queueName
  *            name of queue
  * @exception NamingException
  *                if operation cannot be performed
  * @exception JMSException
  *                if JMS fails to initialize due to internal error
  */
 public void init(Context ctx, String queueName) throws NamingException,
   JMSException,InterruptedException {
  tconFactory = (TopicConnectionFactory) ctx.lookup(JMS_FACTORY);
  tcon = tconFactory.createTopicConnection();
  tcon.setClientID("IP10.200.7.104");
  tcon.start();
  
  tsession = tcon.createTopicSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
  System.out.println("333333333333");
  topic = (Topic) ctx.lookup(queueName);
  //tsubscriber = tsession.createSubscriber(topic);
  tsubscriber= tsession.createDurableSubscriber(topic,"88888");
   for (int i=0; i<3; i++) {
             //
             TextMessage message = (TextMessage) tsubscriber.receive();
             System.out.println("message["+i+"]: " + message.getText());
         }
          Thread.sleep(10000);
  //System.out.println("12");
  //Message msg = treceiver.receive();
  //msg.acknowledge();
  //tsubscriber = tsession.createSubscriber(topic);Message msg = tsubscriber.receive();msg.acknowledge();
  //System.out.println(msg);

 }

 /**
  * Closes JMS objects.
  *
  * @exception JMSException
  *                if JMS fails to close objects due to internal error
  */
 public void close() throws JMSException {
  tsubscriber.close();
  tsession.close();
  tcon.close();
 }

 /**
  * main() method.
  *
  * @param args
  *            WebLogic Server URL
  * @exception Exception
  *                if execution fails
  */

 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

  InitialContext ic = getInitialContext();
  TopicReceive2 tr2 = new TopicReceive2();
  tr2.init(ic, TOPIC);

  System.out
    .println("JMS Ready To Receive Messages (To quit, send a \"quit\" message).");
  
  

  // Wait until a "quit" message has been received.
//  synchronized (tr1) {
//   System.out.println("111111111111");
//   while (!tr1.quit) {
//    try {
//     System.out.println("2222222222");
//     tr1.wait();
//     System.out.println("333333333");
//    } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
//    }
//   }
//  }
  tr2.close();
 }

 private static InitialContext getInitialContext() throws NamingException {
  Hashtable env = new Hashtable();
  env.put(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, JNDI_FACTORY);
  env.put(Context.PROVIDER_URL, PROVIDER_URL);
  return new InitialContext(env);
 }

}

計劃任務(wù)工具 cron 的配置和說明

第一段應(yīng)該定義的是：分鐘，表示每個小時的第幾分鐘來執(zhí)行。范圍是從0-59
        第二段應(yīng)該定義的是：小時，表示從第幾個小時來執(zhí)行，范圍是從0-23
        第三段應(yīng)該定義的是：日期，表示從每個月的第幾天執(zhí)行，范圍從1-31
        第四段應(yīng)該定義的是：月，表示每年的第幾個月來執(zhí)行，范圍從1-12
        第五段應(yīng)該定義的是：周，表示每周的第幾天執(zhí)行，范圍從0-6，其中 0表示星期日。
        每六段應(yīng)該定義的是：用戶名，也就是執(zhí)行程序要通過哪個用戶來執(zhí)行，這個一般可以省略；
        第七段應(yīng)該定義的是：執(zhí)行的命令和參數(shù)。
        

一、注銷，關(guān)機(jī)，重啟

　　注銷系統(tǒng)的logout命令

　　1，Logout 注銷是登陸的相對操作，登陸系統(tǒng)后，若要離開系統(tǒng)，用戶只要直接下達(dá)logout命令即可:

　　[root@localhost root]#logout

　　Red Hat Linuxrelease 9(Shike)

　　Kernel 2.4.20.8 on an i686

　　Login: ← 回到登陸的畫面

　　2，關(guān)機(jī)或重新啟動的shutdown命令

　　Shutdown命令可以關(guān)閉所有程序，依照用戶的需要，重新啟動或關(guān)機(jī)。

　　參數(shù)說明如下:

　　? 立即關(guān)機(jī):-h 參數(shù)讓系統(tǒng)立即關(guān)機(jī)。范例如下:

　　[root@localhost root]#shutdown –h now ← 要求系統(tǒng)立即關(guān)機(jī)

　　? 指定關(guān)機(jī)時間:time參數(shù)可指定關(guān)機(jī)的時間;或設(shè)置多久時間后運(yùn)行shutdown命令，范例如下:

　　[root@localhost root]#shutdown now ← 立刻關(guān)機(jī)

　　[root@localhost root]#shutdown +5 ← 5分鐘后關(guān)機(jī)

　　[root@localhost root]#shutdown 10:30 ← 在10:30時關(guān)機(jī)

　　? 關(guān)機(jī)后自動重啟:-r 參數(shù)設(shè)置關(guān)機(jī)后重新啟動。范例如下:

　　[root@localhost root]#shutdown -r now ← 立刻關(guān)閉系統(tǒng)并重啟

　　[root@localhost root]#shutdown -r 23:59 ← 指定在23:59時重啟動

　　3，重新啟動計算機(jī)的reboot命令

　　顧名思義，reboot命令是用來重新啟動系統(tǒng)的。常用的參數(shù)如下:

　　? -f 參數(shù):不依正常的程序運(yùn)行關(guān)機(jī)，直接關(guān)閉系統(tǒng)并重新啟動計算機(jī)。

　　? -I 參數(shù):在在重新啟動之前關(guān)閉所有網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口。

　　雖然reboot命令有個參數(shù)可以使用，但是一般只需要單獨(dú)運(yùn)行reboot命令就可以了