Sql實(shí)用操作集合(轉(zhuǎn))
學(xué)習(xí)sql有一段時(shí)間了,發(fā)現(xiàn)在我建了一個(gè)用來測(cè)試的表(沒有建索引)中出現(xiàn)了許多的重復(fù)記錄。后來總結(jié)了一些刪除重復(fù)記錄的方法,在Oracle中,可以通過唯一rowid實(shí)現(xiàn)刪除重復(fù)記錄;還可以建臨時(shí)表來實(shí)現(xiàn)...這個(gè)只提到其中的幾種簡單實(shí)用的方法,希望可以和大家分享(以表employee為例)。SQL>desc employee
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ------------------
emp_id NUMBER(10)
emp_name VARCHAR2(20)
salary NUMBER(10,2)
可以通過下面的語句查詢重復(fù)的記錄:
SQL> select*from employee;
EMP_ID EMP_NAME SALARY
---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------
1 sunshine 10000
1 sunshine 10000
2 semon 20000
2 semon 20000
3 xyz 30000
2 semon 20000
SQL> select distinct * from employee;
EMP_ID EMP_NAME SALARY
---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------
1 sunshine 10000
2 semon 20000
3 xyz 30000
SQL> select * from employee group by emp_id,emp_name,salary having count(*)>1
EMP_ID EMP_NAME SALARY
---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------
1 sunshine 10000
2 semon 20000
SQL> select*from employee e1
where rowid in (select max(rowid) from employe e2
where e1.emp_id=e2.emp_id and
e1.emp_name=e2.emp_name and e1.salary=e2.salary);
EMP_ID EMP_NAME SALARY
---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------
1 sunshine 10000
3 xyz 30000
2 semon 20000
2. 刪除的幾種方法:
(1)通過建立臨時(shí)表來實(shí)現(xiàn)
SQL>create table temp_emp as (select distinct * from employee)
SQL> truncate table employee;(清空employee表的數(shù)據(jù))
SQL>insert into employee select * from temp_emp; (再將臨時(shí)表里的內(nèi)容插回來)
( 2)通過唯一rowid實(shí)現(xiàn)刪除重復(fù)記錄.在Oracle中,每一條記錄都有一個(gè)rowid,rowid在整個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫中是唯一的,rowid確定了每條記錄是在Oracle中的哪一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)文件、塊、行上。在重復(fù)的記錄中,可能所有列的內(nèi)容都相同,但rowid不會(huì)相同,所以只要確定出重復(fù)記錄中那些具有最大或最小rowid的就可以了,其余全部刪除。
SQL>delete from employee e2 where rowid not in(
select max(e1.rowid) from employee e1 where
e1.emp_id=e2.emp_id and e1.emp_name=e2.emp_name and e1.salary=e2.salary);--這里用min(rowid)也可以。
SQL>delete from employee e2 where rowid<(
select max(e1.rowid) from employee e1 where
e1.emp_id=e2.emp_id and e1.emp_name=e2.emp_name and
e1.salary=e2.salary);
(3)也是通過rowid,但效率更高。
SQL>delete from employee where rowid not in(
select max(t1.rowid) from employee t1 group by
t1.emp_id,t1.emp_name,t1.salary);--這里用min(rowid)也可以。
EMP_ID EMP_NAME SALARY
---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------
1 sunshine 10000
3 xyz 30000
2 semon 20000
SQL>desc employee
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ------------------
emp_id NUMBER(10)
emp_name VARCHAR2(20)
salary NUMBER(10,2)
可以通過下面的語句查詢重復(fù)的記錄:
SQL> select*from employee;
EMP_ID EMP_NAME SALARY
---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------
1 sunshine 10000
1 sunshine 10000
2 semon 20000
2 semon 20000
3 xyz 30000
2 semon 20000
SQL> selectdistinct*from employee;
EMP_ID EMP_NAME SALARY
---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------
1 sunshine 10000
2 semon 20000
3 xyz 30000
SQL> select*from employee groupby emp_id,emp_name,salary having count(*)>1
EMP_ID EMP_NAME SALARY
---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------
1 sunshine 10000
2 semon 20000
SQL> select*from employee e1
where rowid in (select max(rowid) from employe e2
where e1.emp_id=e2.emp_id and
e1.emp_name=e2.emp_name and e1.salary=e2.salary);
EMP_ID EMP_NAME SALARY
---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------
1 sunshine 10000
3 xyz 30000
2 semon 20000
單表記錄排序:
如果想title都要進(jìn)去.就要這樣:
SELECT ID,Title,ordercount,Count(ordercount) as a FROM 表 group by ID,Title,ordercount order by a desc
select t.userid ,count(*) from mxt_temp_lxw_voice_info t where t.isvalid = 1 group by t.userid order by count(t.userid)
posted on 2007-08-31 17:00 都市淘沙者 閱讀(248) 評(píng)論(0) 編輯 收藏 所屬分類: Oracle/Mysql/Postgres/