0.定義
Struts is open source software that helps developers build web applications
quickly and easily. Struts relies on standard technologies—such as JavaBeans, Java
servlets, and JavaServer Pages (JSP)—that most developers already know how to
use. By taking a standards-based, “fill-in-the-blanks” approach to software development,
Struts can alleviate much of the time-consuming grunt work that comes
with every new project.
Struts是一個(gè)能夠幫助開發(fā)者快速而簡單的開發(fā)web應(yīng)用的開源軟件.Struts依賴像JavaBeans,servlet,
和jsp等這些已被大部分開發(fā)者熟知的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)技術(shù).在基于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方面,Struts接近“fill-in-the-blanks”
軟件開發(fā)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),而且在每個(gè)新工程中更能減輕花費(fèi)大量時(shí)間煩躁工作痛苦.
1.simpleExample 提供最簡單的sample
struts-config.xml //配置strutsAction 和strutsBeanForm(Bean)
sampleAction.java //流轉(zhuǎn)action
sampleBeanForm.java //java Bean
sampleSuccess.jsp //成功頁面
sampleFailure.jsp //fail頁面
sampleInput.jsp //激發(fā)action.do
2.特性
HTTP-centric:
Struts is designed around the standard HTTP request-response
model, familiar to many web developers.
Standard logging:
Struts can use the container’s default logging system and does not
require another package to be configured or understood.
Optional debug logging:
Struts optionally logs a number of status messages during processing
that can be helpful in debugging.
Model neutral:
Struts is not predisposed to any particular persistence layer.
Collects implementation detail in a centralized configuration:
The Struts configuration encapsulates the implementation detail for
an application, or application module [Struts 1.1], so it can be
reviewed and managed as a whole.
Permits a different message resources file for each locale:
Different translators can work on their own copy of the message
resource file. Adding support for a new locale is simply a matter of
adding another message resource file.
Lightweight:
Struts has relatively few core classes for developers to learn.
Open source:
Full source code is provided under the liberal Apache Software
License, leaving all your options open.
Strong developer community:
There is a strong development community behind Struts. The mailing
is very active. Many developer extensions are available.
Strong vendor community:
Struts is incorporated by several other products, including Jcorporate’s
Expresso and IBM’s WebSphere. Struts-specific tools are also
available from several vendors.
Strong product support:
Struts has its own professionally managed JGuru forum. The Struts
mailing list is available through at least two other support portals.
Struts has been covered in dozens of articles and several books, and
has been addressed at professional seminars by several organizations.
Strong development team:
Over 30 developers contributed to Struts 1.1. The Struts team is currently
composed of nine active Committers, who share full responsibility
for the source code.
Stable releases:
The Struts formal releases follow a long testing period with no set
deadline, so teams can be assured of a high-quality product.
i18n support:
Support for localization is built into Struts from the ground up.
High compliance/mainstream mindset:
Struts is dedicated to providing a product that is 100 percent compliant
with public standards and that is in line with the development
mainstream.
Full-service tag extensions:
Struts includes a set of general-purpose tag extensions in addition to
those that use framework-specific resources. Together, they can meet
all of your JSP needs, without you having to resort to scriptlets.
Well-documented source code:
The Struts JavaDocs are so detailed that you rarely, if ever, need to
refer to the source. This is in addition to a high-level user guide to
introduce developers to the framework.
Strongly founded in design patterns:
The Struts framework implements several classic patterns in its architecture
that are familiar to most developers.
Extensible:
All default settings can be configured. The core Struts classes may be
overridden and subclasses loaded in their place. The developer can
customize key classes such as ActionForm and Action.
以HTTP為中心 -Struts是圍繞被大部分Web開發(fā)人員熟知HTTP請求/相應(yīng)模型而設(shè)計(jì)的;
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的日志 -Struts能使用默認(rèn)的日志系統(tǒng)不需要其他包去配置和解釋;
可選的DEBUG日志 -Struts可以記錄大量的進(jìn)程中消息狀態(tài),這對DEBUG十分有幫助;
中立性的模型 -Struts不傾向任何特殊的持久化層;
集中配置 -Struts配置記錄一個(gè)應(yīng)用或是一個(gè)應(yīng)用模塊詳細(xì)信息,所以它可以作為一個(gè)整體被預(yù)覽和管理;
信息配置文件locale -Struts給不同的翻譯器提供信息資源文件副本.
輕量級 -Struts有極少核心類讓開發(fā)人員去掌握.
開源 -Struts是在Apache自由軟件基金License下完全開源的
強(qiáng)大的開發(fā)交流
強(qiáng)大的商業(yè)交流
強(qiáng)大產(chǎn)品支持
強(qiáng)大的開發(fā)小組
可伸縮版本
i18n支持
服從主流思想
全服務(wù)TAG擴(kuò)展 -Struts除了使用制定框架資源,還包括一系列常用TAG擴(kuò)展.
很好文檔源文件代碼 -Struts的JAVADOCS為了高級用戶指導(dǎo)開發(fā)框架.
強(qiáng)大模式設(shè)計(jì)基礎(chǔ) -Struts在它的體系中實(shí)現(xiàn)了幾個(gè)經(jīng)典模式并為大部分開發(fā)者熟悉.
可擴(kuò)展性 -所有默認(rèn)設(shè)置都能被配置.這個(gè)核心Struts類可以overridden和子類在各自位置裝載,開發(fā)人員可以定制像ActionForm,Action關(guān)鍵類
附加-弱點(diǎn)
No event model: Struts的事件是嚴(yán)格遵守請求/相應(yīng)HTTP,這樣限制了開發(fā)人員使用其他事件
Debugging: Struts沒有提供自動debug事件.
No default data model or concrete recommendations:
Single ActionServlet:
Requires understanding of Struts components:
Vendor does not offer priority support:
Mailing list is a embarrassmentof riches:
Formal releases are not rapid:
i18n limitations: 盡管Struts信息資源在國際化標(biāo)簽和錯(cuò)誤信息方面國際化做的很好,但沒有大塊信息國際化
JSP mindset: 當(dāng)使用它的MVC體系使得的它資源在任何現(xiàn)有系統(tǒng)中可用.對JSP長期存在隱患
JSP exception localization: 需要系統(tǒng)級消息不是國際化的.仍然是英語
Tag properties are verbose: Struts擴(kuò)展必須提供幾個(gè)參數(shù)對程序開來顯的笨拙.
The perform and execute signatures: perform方法是系統(tǒng)的瓶頸,但Struts1.1提供了execute方法來解決這個(gè)問題
Fuzzy nomenclature:使人迷惑術(shù)語
3.關(guān)鍵字/關(guān)鍵用語
4.技術(shù)
5.原理
6.同類對比
7.深入研究
8.Referrence
<Struct in Action>
JSF
0.定義
JavaServer Faces technology is a server-side user interface component framework for
Java technology-based web applications. It includes
A set of APIs for: representing UI components and managing their state,
handling events and input validation, defining page navigation, and supporting
internationalization and accessibility.
A JavaServer Pages (JSP) custom tag library for expressing a JavaServer Faces interface
within a JSP page.
JSF技術(shù)是一個(gè)面向基于java Web應(yīng)用的server面UI組件框架.它包括一系列表現(xiàn)UI組件和管理它們的狀態(tài)
處理事件和有效的輸入,定義頁面導(dǎo)航,支持國際化和易用化.為了表達(dá)一個(gè)JSF接口,一個(gè)JSP僅在一個(gè)頁面定制標(biāo)簽庫.
1.simpleExample 提供最簡單的sample(獨(dú)立的,不與其他框架聯(lián)系)
2.特性
There are many features available in JavaServer Faces Technology. Some of the main feature highlights include:
Managed Bean Facility
Validation Facility
Rich and Extensible Component Library
Pluggable render kits
Navigation in Response to Specific User Events
Preserving Application State Across Requests
Conversion Model
在JSF技術(shù)中有很多可利用的特性,以下為主要特性:
管理Bean工具
校驗(yàn)工具
充足而可擴(kuò)展性組件庫
可插入式的渲染組件
響應(yīng)指定用戶事件的導(dǎo)航
保存應(yīng)用狀態(tài)交叉請求
轉(zhuǎn)化模型
3.關(guān)鍵字/關(guān)鍵用語
4.技術(shù)
5.原理
6.同類對比
7.深入研究
8.Referrence
<JavaServer Faces in Action>