SVN安裝和使用
SVN的安裝
訪問
SVN網站
下載你所需版本的安裝包。以Linux為例，安裝過程為依次執行以下步驟：
rpm -ivh apr-0.9.5-0.2.i386.rpmrpm -ivh apr-util-0.9.5-0.1.i386.rpmrpm -ivh neon-0.24.7-1.i386.rpmrpm -ivh subversion-1.1.1-1.rh80.i386.rpm
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SVN安裝包的基本命令
| svn | The command-line client program. |
| svnversion | A program for reporting the state (in terms of revisions of the items present) of a working copy. |
| svnlook | A tool for inspecting a Subversion repository. |
| svnadmin | A tool for creating, tweaking or repairing a Subversion repository. |
| svndumpfilter | A program for filtering Subversion repository dumpfile format streams. |
| mod_dav_svn | A plug-in module for the Apache HTTP Server, used to make your repository available to others over a network. |
| svnserve | A custom standalone server program, runnable as a daemon process or invokable by SSH; another way to make your repository available to others over a network. |
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配置本地訪問的SVN
執行svn --version，你將看到如下畫面
[root@localhost local]# svn --version* ra_dav : Module for accessing a repository via WebDAV (DeltaV) protocol.* ra_local : Module for accessing a repository on local disk.* ra_svn : Module for accessing a repository using the svn network protocol.
如果你有ra_local這個模塊，那么客戶端就可以用file:// URLs的地址來訪問。
執行一下命令
$ svnadmin create /root/svnrepo$ ls /root/svnrepoconf/ dav/ db/ format hooks/ locks/ README.txt
接下來，我們建立一個本地工作目錄/root/svnlocal，進入執行
//建立項目[root@localhost svnlocal]# mkdir project [root@localhost svnlocal]# mkdir project/trunk[root@localhost svnlocal]# mkdir project/branches[root@localhost svnlocal]# mkdir project/tags//建立一個模塊exo[root@localhost svnlocal]# mkdir project/exo[root@localhost svnlocal]# vi project/exo/exo.conf[root@localhost svnlocal]# svn import . file:///root/svnrepo -m 'initial'[root@localhost svnlocal]# rm -rf project[root@localhost svnlocal]# svn checkout file://localhost/root/svnrepo/project //check整個項目[root@localhost svnlocal]# svn checkout file://localhost/root/svnrepo/project exo //check 其中一個模塊
如果成功可以看到文件已經被check出來。地址可以使用file://localhost/root/svnrepo 或者使用file:///root/svnrepo
其他的命令有
- Enter your working copy and edit a file's contents.
- Run svn diff to see unified diff output of your changes.
- Run svn commit to commit the new version of your file to the repository.
- Run svn update to bring your working copy “up-to-date” with the repository.
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SVN的訪問地址
| Schema | Access Method |
|---|
| file:/// | direct repository access (on local disk) |
| http:// | access via WebDAV protocol to Subversion-aware Apache server |
| https:// | same as http://, but with SSL encryption. |
| svn:// | access via custom protocol to an svnserve server |
| svn+ssh:// | same as svn://, but through an SSH tunnel. |
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啟動SVN的svnserve，這樣你就可以通過svn://url的方式來訪問。
查看啟動參數
[root@localhost svnlocal]# svnserve --helpUsage: svnserve [options]Valid options: -d [--daemon] : daemon mode --listen-port arg : listen port (for daemon mode) --listen-host arg : listen hostname or IP address (for daemon mode) --foreground : run in foreground (useful for debugging) -h [--help] : display this help --version : display version -i [--inetd] : inetd mode -r [--root] arg : root of directory to serve -R [--read-only] : deprecated; use repository config file -t [--tunnel] : tunnel mode --tunnel-user arg : tunnel username (default is current uid's name) -T [--threads] : use threads instead of fork -X [--listen-once] : listen once (useful for debugging)
我們執行svnserve -d -r /root/svnrepo
然后在剛才的svnlocal目錄下，執行
[root@localhost svnlocal]# svn checkout svn://localhost/project exo
就可以通過網絡協議check出指定的repo或者其中的模塊
注意：如果我們啟動時候，只是用svnserve -d而沒有制定repo路徑的話，那么你在checkout的時候就必須使用是svn checkout svn://localhost/root/svnrepo/project exo 來指明全路徑。
接下來，我們隨便修改一個文件，然后執行
[root@localhost exo-build]# svn commit -m "test"
你會發現提示說：“提交失敗，svn: Connection is read-only” 這說明svn://訪問方式沒有用戶權限控制，只能最基本的匿名下載使用。
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權限配置
先介紹svnserve使用的基于文件的權限控制
進入/root/svnrepo/conf/ 打開svnserve.conf，修改一下兩行
[general]anon-access = noneauth-access = write password-db = passwd
注意：所有的行都必須頂格，否則報錯。
在相同目錄下建立一個passwd文件，使用vi passwd命令。在里面輸入
[users]danny = dannybobo = bobo
重新啟動svnserve，svnserve -d -r /root/svnrepo/ 。
好，接下來，我們執行
[root@localhost svnlocal]# svn checkout svn://localhost/project exo
根據提示依次輸入"root"的密碼（任意），用戶登陸名名（danny_xcz）和密碼(pass)。就可以正常chekout需要的目錄了。登陸一次以后再執行svn update等命令時無需再次輸入認證密碼。
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