準(zhǔn)備階段:
Hibernate可用于各種類型的項(xiàng)目，要在項(xiàng)目中使用Hibernate，需要下載Hibernate的API.
通過(guò)http://www.hibernate.org/網(wǎng)址可以下載到Hibernate的API和一些幫助文檔.
點(diǎn)擊downloads —> release bundles即可下載
下載解壓后，在lib -> required目錄下可找到項(xiàng)目中需要的jar包(API).
官網(wǎng)上好像沒(méi)有API的幫助文檔，大家可以到這里下載:http://115.com/file/bensl2vy#hibernate api幫助文檔.chm
開發(fā)階段:
新建一個(gè)JAVA項(xiàng)目,目錄結(jié)構(gòu)如下:
將準(zhǔn)備的jar包引入到項(xiàng)目中。
hibernate.cfg.xml:(Hibernate的配置文件，放在項(xiàng)目的src目錄下):<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated by MyEclipse Hibernate Tools. -->
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- 設(shè)置驅(qū)動(dòng)類 -->
<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<!-- 設(shè)置連接池默認(rèn)個(gè)數(shù) -->
<property name="connection.pool_size">20</property>
<!-- 設(shè)置JDBC URL -->
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/book</property>
<!-- 設(shè)置數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)用戶名 -->
<property name="connection.username">username</property>
<!-- 設(shè)置數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)用戶密碼 -->
<property name="connection.password">passwrod</property>
<!-- 設(shè)置SQL方言 -->
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>
<!-- 設(shè)置是否顯示SQL語(yǔ)句 -->
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<!-- 設(shè)置格式化SQL語(yǔ)句 -->
<property name="format_sql">true</property>
<property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>
<mapping resource="com/sunflower/bean/Person.hbm.xml" />
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
這里配置的是MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的驅(qū)動(dòng)和連接,在開始的時(shí)候忘了加26行，結(jié)果調(diào)試的時(shí)候出錯(cuò)，得不到session,關(guān)于這個(gè)標(biāo)簽的使用，請(qǐng)參考如下文章:http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_5ecfe46a0100e467.html 第28行是對(duì)象關(guān)系映射文件的配置.
Person.java:(人的實(shí)體類，對(duì)應(yīng)到關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中的blog表)package com.sunflower.bean;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
* 博客用戶的實(shí)體類
*
* @author hanyuan
* @time 2012-7-8 下午11:53:23
*/
public class Person implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String password;
private String caption;
private String content;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public String getCaption() {
return caption;
}
public void setCaption(String caption) {
this.caption = caption;
}
public String getContent() {
return content;
}
public void setContent(String content) {
this.content = content;
}
}
第12~16行中的屬性對(duì)應(yīng)到數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中的blog表的字段，其中id是主鍵索引.
Person.hbm.xml:(對(duì)象關(guān)系映射配置文件)<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<!-- 設(shè)置實(shí)體類與數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中表的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系 -->
<class name="com.sunflower.bean.Person" table="blog">
<id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
<column name="id"></column>
<!-- 將逐漸設(shè)置為自增 -->
<generator class="increment"></generator>
</id>
<property name="username" type="java.lang.String" not-null="true">
<column name="username"></column>
</property>
<property name="password" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="password"></column>
</property>
<property name="caption" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="caption"></column>
</property>
<property name="content" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="content"></column>
</property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.sunflower.bean.Person" table="blog">表示對(duì)象對(duì)應(yīng)的表，<id>字段是必須要有的，表示主鍵。開始的時(shí)候沒(méi)有加第13行，結(jié)果調(diào)試出錯(cuò)，需要加上<generator>標(biāo)簽，這里設(shè)置為自增類型.關(guān)于<generator>標(biāo)簽的使用，參考下列文章：http://sarin.iteye.com/blog/605712
這個(gè)配置文件的是以hbm.xml結(jié)尾的，名字建議命名為對(duì)象名.hbm.xml，并且和實(shí)體類對(duì)象放在同一個(gè)包下，這樣比較好找.
Test.java:(調(diào)用Hibernate API 插入數(shù)據(jù))package com.sunflower.main;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import com.sunflower.bean.Person;
public class Test {
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 讀取Hibernate的配置信息
Configuration config = new Configuration();
config.configure();
// 讀取配置里面的SessionFactory
SessionFactory sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory();
Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
Person person = new Person();
person.setUsername("鄧光橋");
person.setPassword("123");
person.setCaption("Hibernate");
person.setContent("Hibernate 入門實(shí)例");
// 提交事務(wù)
session.save(person);
transaction.commit();
sessionFactory.close();
}
}