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徹底理解spring的定制任務(wù)（scheduling）

關(guān)鍵字: 企業(yè)應(yīng)用 ? ????

?? 相信做軟件的朋友都有這樣的經(jīng)歷，我的軟件是不是少了點(diǎn)什么東西呢？比如定時(shí)任務(wù)啊，

?? 就拿新聞發(fā)布系統(tǒng)來(lái)說(shuō)，如果新聞的數(shù)據(jù)更新太快，勢(shì)必涉及一個(gè)問(wèn)題，這些新聞不能由人工的去發(fā)布，應(yīng)該讓系統(tǒng)自己發(fā)布，這就需要用到定時(shí)定制任務(wù)了，以前定制任務(wù)無(wú)非就是設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)Thread，并且設(shè)置運(yùn)行時(shí)間片，讓它到了那個(gè)時(shí)間執(zhí)行一次，就ok了，讓系統(tǒng)啟動(dòng)的時(shí)候啟動(dòng)它，想來(lái)也夠簡(jiǎn)單的。不過(guò)有了 spring，我想這事情就更簡(jiǎn)單了。

看看spring的配置文件，想來(lái)就只有這個(gè)配置文件了

xml 代碼

< bean ? id = "infoCenterAutoBuildTask" ??
???? class = "com.teesoo.teanet.scheduling.InfoCenterAutoBuildTask" > ??
???? < property ? name = "baseService" ? ref = "baseService" ? /> ??
???? < property ? name = "htmlCreator" ? ref = "htmlCreator" ? /> ??
</ bean > ??
??
< bean ? id = "scheduledTask" ??
???? class = "org.springframework.scheduling.timer.ScheduledTimerTask" > ??
????  ??
???? < property ? name = "delay" ? value = "10000" ? /> ??
????  ??
???? < property ? name = "period" ? value = "1000000" ? /> ??
???? < property ? name = "timerTask" ? ref = "infoCenterAutoBuildTask" ? /> ??
</ bean > ??
??
??
< bean ? id = "timerFactory" ? class = "org.springframework.scheduling.timer.TimerFactoryBean" > ??
??? < property ? name = "scheduledTimerTasks" > ??
??????? < list > ??
???????????  ??
??????????? < ref ? bean = "scheduledTask" ? /> ??
??????? </ list > ??
??? </ property > ??
</ bean > ??

上面三個(gè)配置文件中只有一個(gè)配置文件是涉及到您自己的class的，其他的都是spring的類。很簡(jiǎn)單吧

我們只需要涉及一個(gè)class讓他繼承java.util.TimerTask;

java 代碼

BaseTask? extends ?java.util.TimerTask?{ ??
//用戶只需要實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)方面，把自己的任務(wù)放到這里 ??
public ? void ?run(){ ??
} ??
}??

下面讓我們來(lái)看看 spring的源代碼

java 代碼

/* ?
?*? ?
?*?Licensed?under?the?Apache?License,?Version?2.0?(the?"License"); ?
?*?you?may?not?use?this?file?except?in?compliance?with?the?License. ?
?*?You?may?obtain?a?copy?of?the?License?at ?
?*? ?
?*??????http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 ?
?*? ?
?*?Unless?required?by?applicable?law?or?agreed?to?in?writing,?software ?
?*?distributed?under?the?License?is?distributed?on?an?"AS?IS"?BASIS, ?
?*?WITHOUT?WARRANTIES?OR?CONDITIONS?OF?ANY?KIND,?either?express?or?implied. ?
?*?See?the?License?for?the?specific?language?governing?permissions?and ?
?*?limitations?under?the?License. ?
?*/ ??
??
package ?org.springframework.scheduling.timer; ??
??
import ?java.util.TimerTask; ??
??
/** ?
?*?JavaBean?that?describes?a?scheduled?TimerTask,?consisting?of ?
?*?the?TimerTask?itself?(or?a?Runnable?to?create?a?TimerTask?for) ?
?*?and?a?delay?plus?period.?Period?needs?to?be?specified; ?
?*?there?is?no?point?in?a?default?for?it. ?
?* ?
?*?
The?JDK?Timer?does?not?offer?more?sophisticated?scheduling
?
?*?options?such?as??cron?expressions.?Consider?using?Quartz?for ?
?*?such?advanced?needs. ?
?* ?
?*?
Note?that?Timer?uses?a?TimerTask?instance?that?is?shared
?
?*?between?repeated?executions,?in?contrast?to?Quartz?which ?
?*?instantiates?a?new?Job?for?each?execution. ?
?* ?
?*?@author?Juergen?Hoeller ?
?*?@since?19.02.2004 ?
?*?@see?java.util.TimerTask ?
?*?@see?java.util.Timer#schedule(TimerTask,?long,?long) ?
?*?@see?java.util.Timer#scheduleAtFixedRate(TimerTask,?long,?long) ?
?*/ ??
public ? class ?ScheduledTimerTask?{ ??
??
???? private ?TimerTask?timerTask; ??
??
???? private ? long ?delay?=? 0 ; ??
??
???? private ? long ?period?=? 0 ; ??
??
???? private ? boolean ?fixedRate?=? false ; ??
??
??
???? /** ?
?????*?Create?a?new?ScheduledTimerTask, ?
?????*?to?be?populated?via?bean?properties. ?
?????*?@see?#setTimerTask ?
?????*?@see?#setDelay ?
?????*?@see?#setPeriod ?
?????*?@see?#setFixedRate ?
?????*/ ??
???? public ?ScheduledTimerTask()?{ ??
????} ??
??
???? /** ?
?????*?Create?a?new?ScheduledTimerTask,?with?default ?
?????*?one-time?execution?without?delay. ?
?????*?@param?timerTask?the?TimerTask?to?schedule ?
?????*/ ??
???? public ?ScheduledTimerTask(TimerTask?timerTask)?{ ??
???????? this .timerTask?=?timerTask; ??
????} ??
??
???? /** ?
?????*?Create?a?new?ScheduledTimerTask,?with?default ?
?????*?one-time?execution?with?the?given?delay. ?
?????*?@param?timerTask?the?TimerTask?to?schedule ?
?????*?@param?delay?the?delay?before?starting?the?task?for?the?first?time?(ms) ?
?????*/ ??
???? public ?ScheduledTimerTask(TimerTask?timerTask,? long ?delay)?{ ??
???????? this .timerTask?=?timerTask; ??
???????? this .delay?=?delay; ??
????} ??
??
???? /** ?
?????*?Create?a?new?ScheduledTimerTask. ?
?????*?@param?timerTask?the?TimerTask?to?schedule ?
?????*?@param?delay?the?delay?before?starting?the?task?for?the?first?time?(ms) ?
?????*?@param?period?the?period?between?repeated?task?executions?(ms) ?
?????*?@param?fixedRate?whether?to?schedule?as?fixed-rate?execution ?
?????*/ ??
???? public ?ScheduledTimerTask(TimerTask?timerTask,? long ?delay,? long ?period,? boolean ?fixedRate)?{ ??
???????? this .timerTask?=?timerTask; ??
???????? this .delay?=?delay; ??
???????? this .period?=?period; ??
???????? this .fixedRate?=?fixedRate; ??
????} ??
??
???? /** ?
?????*?Create?a?new?ScheduledTimerTask,?with?default ?
?????*?one-time?execution?without?delay. ?
?????*?@param?timerTask?the?Runnable?to?schedule?as?TimerTask ?
?????*/ ??
???? public ?ScheduledTimerTask(Runnable?timerTask)?{ ??
????????setRunnable(timerTask); ??
????} ??
??
???? /** ?
?????*?Create?a?new?ScheduledTimerTask,?with?default ?
?????*?one-time?execution?with?the?given?delay. ?
?????*?@param?timerTask?the?Runnable?to?schedule?as?TimerTask ?
?????*?@param?delay?the?delay?before?starting?the?task?for?the?first?time?(ms) ?
?????*/ ??
???? public ?ScheduledTimerTask(Runnable?timerTask,? long ?delay)?{ ??
????????setRunnable(timerTask); ??
???????? this .delay?=?delay; ??
????} ??
??
???? /** ?
?????*?Create?a?new?ScheduledTimerTask. ?
?????*?@param?timerTask?the?Runnable?to?schedule?as?TimerTask ?
?????*?@param?delay?the?delay?before?starting?the?task?for?the?first?time?(ms) ?
?????*?@param?period?the?period?between?repeated?task?executions?(ms) ?
?????*?@param?fixedRate?whether?to?schedule?as?fixed-rate?execution ?
?????*/ ??
???? public ?ScheduledTimerTask(Runnable?timerTask,? long ?delay,? long ?period,? boolean ?fixedRate)?{ ??
????????setRunnable(timerTask); ??
???????? this .delay?=?delay; ??
???????? this .period?=?period; ??
???????? this .fixedRate?=?fixedRate; ??
????} ??
??
??
???? /** ?
?????*?Set?the?Runnable?to?schedule?as?TimerTask. ?
?????*?@see?DelegatingTimerTask ?
?????*/ ??
???? public ? void ?setRunnable(Runnable?timerTask)?{ ??
???????? this .timerTask?=? new ?DelegatingTimerTask(timerTask); ??
????} ??
??
???? /** ?
?????*?Set?the?TimerTask?to?schedule. ?
?????*/ ??
???? public ? void ?setTimerTask(TimerTask?timerTask)?{ ??
???????? this .timerTask?=?timerTask; ??
????} ??
??
???? /** ?
?????*?Return?the?TimerTask?to?schedule. ?
?????*/ ??
???? public ?TimerTask?getTimerTask()?{ ??
???????? return ?timerTask; ??
????} ??
??
???? /** ?
?????*?Set?the?delay?before?starting?the?task?for?the?first?time, ?
?????*?in?milliseconds.?Default?is?0,?immediately?starting?the ?
?????*?task?after?successful?scheduling. ?
?????*/ ??
???? public ? void ?setDelay( long ?delay)?{ ??
???????? this .delay?=?delay; ??
????} ??
??
???? /** ?
?????*?Return?the?delay?before?starting?the?job?for?the?first?time. ?
?????*/ ??
???? public ? long ?getDelay()?{ ??
???????? return ?delay; ??
????} ??
??
???? /** ?
?????*?Set?the?period?between?repeated?task?executions,?in?milliseconds. ?
?????*?Default?is?0,?leading?to?one-time?execution.?In?case?of?a?positive ?
?????*?value,?the?task?will?be?executed?repeatedly,?with?the?given?interval ?
?????*?inbetween?executions. ?
?????*?
Note?that?the?semantics?of?the?period?vary?between?fixed-rate
?
?????*?and?fixed-delay?execution. ?
?????*?@see?#setFixedRate ?
?????*/ ??
???? public ? void ?setPeriod( long ?period)?{ ??
???????? this .period?=?period; ??
????} ??
??
???? /** ?
?????*?Return?the?period?between?repeated?task?executions. ?
?????*/ ??
???? public ? long ?getPeriod()?{ ??
???????? return ?period; ??
????} ??
??
???? /** ?
?????*?Set?whether?to?schedule?as?fixed-rate?execution,?rather?than ?
?????*?fixed-delay?execution.?Default?is?"false",?i.e.?fixed?delay. ?
?????*?
See?Timer?javadoc?for?details?on?those?execution?modes.
?
?????*?@see?java.util.Timer#schedule(TimerTask,?long,?long) ?
?????*?@see?java.util.Timer#scheduleAtFixedRate(TimerTask,?long,?long) ?
?????*/ ??
???? public ? void ?setFixedRate( boolean ?fixedRate)?{ ??
???????? this .fixedRate?=?fixedRate; ??
????} ??
??
???? /** ?
?????*?Return?whether?to?schedule?as?fixed-rate?execution. ?
?????*/ ??
???? public ? boolean ?isFixedRate()?{ ??
???????? return ?fixedRate; ??
????} ??
??
} ??

說(shuō)實(shí)話這個(gè)類也沒(méi)什么，只是簡(jiǎn)單的包裝了我們的timertask，里面也就只有幾個(gè)屬性，一個(gè)是時(shí)間片，一個(gè)是任務(wù)等。

真正運(yùn)行我們的任務(wù)的類是：

java 代碼

/* ?
?* ?
?*?Licensed?under?the?Apache?License,?Version?2.0?(the?"License"); ?
?*?you?may?not?use?this?file?except?in?compliance?with?the?License. ?
?*?You?may?obtain?a?copy?of?the?License?at ?
?* ?
?*??????http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 ?
?* ?
?*?Unless?required?by?applicable?law?or?agreed?to?in?writing,?software ?
?*?distributed?under?the?License?is?distributed?on?an?"AS?IS"?BASIS, ?
?*?WITHOUT?WARRANTIES?OR?CONDITIONS?OF?ANY?KIND,?either?express?or?implied. ?
?*?See?the?License?for?the?specific?language?governing?permissions?and ?
?*?limitations?under?the?License. ?
?*/ ??
??
package ?org.springframework.scheduling.timer; ??
??
import ?java.util.Timer; ??
??
import ?org.apache.commons.logging.Log; ??
import ?org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory; ??
??
import ?org.springframework.beans.factory.DisposableBean; ??
import ?org.springframework.beans.factory.FactoryBean; ??
import ?org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean; ??
??
/** ?
?*?FactoryBean?that?sets?up?a?JDK?1.3+?Timer?and?exposes?it?for?bean?references. ?
?* ?
?*?
Allows?for?registration?of?ScheduledTimerTasks,?automatically?starting
?
?*?the?Timer?on?initialization?and?cancelling?it?on?destruction?of?the?context. ?
?*?In?scenarios?that?just?require?static?registration?of?tasks?at?startup, ?
?*?there?is?no?need?to?access?the?Timer?instance?itself?in?application?code. ?
?* ?
?*?
Note?that?Timer?uses?a?TimerTask?instance?that?is?shared?between
?
?*?repeated?executions,?in?contrast?to?Quartz?which?instantiates?a?new ?
?*?Job?for?each?execution. ?
?* ?
?*?@author?Juergen?Hoeller ?
?*?@since?19.02.2004 ?
?*?@see?ScheduledTimerTask ?
?*?@see?java.util.Timer ?
?*?@see?java.util.TimerTask ?
?*/ ??
public ? class ?TimerFactoryBean? implements ?FactoryBean,?InitializingBean,?DisposableBean?{ ??
??
???? protected ? final ?Log?logger?=?LogFactory.getLog(getClass()); ??
??
???? private ?ScheduledTimerTask[]?scheduledTimerTasks; ??
??
???? private ? boolean ?daemon?=? false ; ??
??
???? private ?Timer?timer; ??
??
??
???? /** ?
?????*?Register?a?list?of?ScheduledTimerTask?objects?with?the?Timer?that ?
?????*?this?FactoryBean?creates.?Depending?on?each?SchedulerTimerTask's ?
?????*?settings,?it?will?be?registered?via?one?of?Timer's?schedule?methods. ?
?????*?@see?java.util.Timer#schedule(java.util.TimerTask,?long) ?
?????*?@see?java.util.Timer#schedule(java.util.TimerTask,?long,?long) ?
?????*?@see?java.util.Timer#scheduleAtFixedRate(java.util.TimerTask,?long,?long) ?
?????*/ ??
???? public ? void ?setScheduledTimerTasks(ScheduledTimerTask[]?scheduledTimerTasks)?{ ??
???????? this .scheduledTimerTasks?=?scheduledTimerTasks; ??
????} ??
??
???? /** ?
?????*?Set?whether?the?timer?should?use?a?daemon?thread, ?
?????*?just?executing?as?long?as?the?application?itself?is?running. ?
?????*?
Default?is?"false":?The?timer?will?automatically?get?cancelled?on
?
?????*?destruction?of?this?FactoryBean.?Hence,?if?the?application?shuts?down, ?
?????*?tasks?will?by?default?finish?their?execution.?Specify?"true"?for?eager ?
?????*?shutdown?of?threads?that?execute?tasks. ?
?????*?@see?java.util.Timer#Timer(boolean) ?
?????*/ ??
???? public ? void ?setDaemon( boolean ?daemon)?{ ??
???????? this .daemon?=?daemon; ??
????} ??
??
??
???? public ? void ?afterPropertiesSet()?{ ??
????????logger.info( "Initializing?Timer" ); ??
???????? this .timer?=?createTimer( this .daemon); ??
??
???????? //?Register?all?ScheduledTimerTasks. ??
???????? if ?( this .scheduledTimerTasks?!=? null )?{ ??
???????????? for ?( int ?i?=? 0 ;?i?<? this .scheduledTimerTasks.length;?i++)?{ ??
????????????????ScheduledTimerTask?scheduledTask?=? this .scheduledTimerTasks[i]; ??
???????????????? if ?(scheduledTask.getPeriod()?>? 0 )?{ ??
???????????????????? //?repeated?task?execution ??
???????????????????? if ?(scheduledTask.isFixedRate())?{ ??
???????????????????????? this .timer.scheduleAtFixedRate( ??
????????????????????????????????scheduledTask.getTimerTask(),?scheduledTask.getDelay(),?scheduledTask.getPeriod()); ??
????????????????????} ??
???????????????????? else ?{ ??
???????????????????????? this .timer.schedule( ??
????????????????????????????????scheduledTask.getTimerTask(),?scheduledTask.getDelay(),?scheduledTask.getPeriod()); ??
????????????????????} ??
????????????????} ??
???????????????? else ?{ ??
???????????????????? //?One-time?task?execution. ??
???????????????????? this .timer.schedule(scheduledTask.getTimerTask(),?scheduledTask.getDelay()); ??
????????????????} ??
????????????} ??
????????} ??
????} ??
??
???? /** ?
?????*?Create?a?new?Timer?instance.?Called?by?afterPropertiesSet. ?
?????*?Can?be?overridden?in?subclasses?to?provide?custom?Timer?subclasses. ?
?????*?@param?daemon?whether?to?create?a?Timer?that?runs?as?daemon?thread ?
?????*?@return?a?new?Timer?instance ?
?????*?@see?#afterPropertiesSet() ?
?????*?@see?java.util.Timer#Timer(boolean) ?
?????*/ ??
???? protected ?Timer?createTimer( boolean ?daemon)?{ ??
???????? return ? new ?Timer(daemon); ??
????} ??
??
??
???? public ?Object?getObject()?{ ??
???????? return ? this .timer; ??
????} ??
??
???? public ?Class?getObjectType()?{ ??
???????? return ?Timer. class ; ??
????} ??
??
???? public ? boolean ?isSingleton()?{ ??
???????? return ? true ; ??
????} ??
??
??
???? /** ?
?????*?Cancel?the?Timer?on?bean?factory?shutdown,?stopping?all?scheduled?tasks. ?
?????*?@see?java.util.Timer#cancel() ?
?????*/ ??
???? public ? void ?destroy()?{ ??
????????logger.info( "Cancelling?Timer" ); ??
???????? this .timer.cancel(); ??
????} ??
??
} ??

這個(gè)類就是運(yùn)行我們?nèi)蝿?wù)的類了，我們可以定制N個(gè)任務(wù)，只需要塞到這里就ok了。

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posted on 2007-04-01 15:04 3G工作室閱讀(2844) 評(píng)論(0) 編輯收藏所屬分類: j2ee

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