Spring Security 2 配置精講
論壇上看了不少Spring Security的相關文章。這些文章基本上都還是基于Acegi-1.X的配置方式,而主要的配置示例也來自于SpringSide的貢獻。眾所周知,Spring Security針對Acegi的一個重大的改進就在于其配置方式大大簡化了。所以如果配置還是基于Acegi-1.X這樣比較繁瑣的配置方式的話,那么我們還不如直接使用Acegi而不要去升級了。所以在這里,我將結合一個示例,重點討論一下Spring Security 2是如何進行配置簡化的。
搭建基礎環(huán)境
首先我們?yōu)槭纠罱ɑ镜拈_發(fā)環(huán)境,環(huán)境的搭建方式,可以參考我的另外一篇文章:http://www.javaeye.com/wiki/struts2/1321-struts2-development-environment-to-build
整個環(huán)境的搭建包括:創(chuàng)建合適的目錄結構、加入了合適的Library,加入了基本的Jetty啟動類、加入基本的配置文件等。最終的項目結構,可以參考我的附件。
參考文檔
這里主要的參考文檔是Spring Security的自帶的Reference。網絡上有一個它的中文翻譯,地址如下:http://www.family168.com/tutorial/springsecurity/html/springsecurity.html
除此之外,springside有一個比較完整的例子,不過是基于Acegi的,我也參閱了其中的一些實現。
Spring Security基本配置
Spring Security是基于Spring的的權限認證框架,對于Spring和Acegi已經比較熟悉的同學對于之前的配置方式應該已經非常了解。接下來的例子,將向大家展示Spring Security基于schema的配置方式。
最小化配置
1. 在web.xml文件中加入Filter聲明
- <!--?Spring?security?Filter?-->??
- <filter>??
- ????<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>??
- ????<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>??
- </filter>??
- <filter-mapping>??
- ????<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>??
- ????<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>??
- </filter-mapping>??
<!-- Spring security Filter --> <filter> <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>
這個Filter會攔截所有的URL請求,并且對這些URL請求進行Spring Security的驗證。
注意,springSecurityFilterChain這個名稱是由命名空間默認創(chuàng)建的用于處理web安全的一個內部的bean的id。所以你在你的Spring配置文件中,不應該再使用這個id作為你的bean。
與Acegi的配置不同,Acegi需要自行聲明一個Spring的bean來作為Filter的實現,而使用Spring Security后,無需再額外定義bean,而是使用<http>元素進行配置。
2. 使用最小的<http>配置
- <http?auto-config='true'>??
- ????<intercept-url?pattern="/**"?access="ROLE_USER"?/>??
- </http>??
<http auto-config='true'> <intercept-url pattern="/**" access="ROLE_USER" /> </http>
這段配置表示:我們要保護應用程序中的所有URL,只有擁有ROLE_USER角色的用戶才能訪問。你可以使用多個<intercept-url>元素為不同URL的集合定義不同的訪問需求,它們會被歸入一個有序隊列中,每次取出最先匹配的一個元素使用。 所以你必須把期望使用的匹配條件放到最上邊。
3. 配置UserDetailsService來指定用戶和權限
接下來,我們來配置一個UserDetailsService來指定用戶和權限:
- <authentication-provider>??
- ????<user-service>??
- ??????<user?name="downpour"?password="downpour"?authorities="ROLE_USER,?ROLE_ADMIN"?/>??
- ??????<user?name="robbin"?password="robbin"?authorities="ROLE_USER"?/>??
- ??????<user?name="QuakeWang"?password="QuakeWang"?authorities="ROLE_ADMIN"?/>??
- ????</user-service>??
- ??</authentication-provider>??
<authentication-provider> <user-service> <user name="downpour" password="downpour" authorities="ROLE_USER, ROLE_ADMIN" /> <user name="robbin" password="robbin" authorities="ROLE_USER" /> <user name="QuakeWang" password="QuakeWang" authorities="ROLE_ADMIN" /> </user-service> </authentication-provider>
在這里,downpour擁有ROLE_USER和ROLE_ADMIN的權限,robbin擁有ROLE_USER權限,QuakeWang擁有ROLE_ADMIN的權限
4. 小結
有了以上的配置,你已經可以跑簡單的Spring Security的應用了。只不過在這里,我們還缺乏很多基本的元素,所以我們尚不能對上面的代碼進行完整性測試。
如果你具備Acegi的知識,你會發(fā)現,有很多Acegi中的元素,在Spring Security中都沒有了,這些元素包括:表單和基本登錄選項、密碼編碼器、Remember-Me認證等等。
接下來,我們就來詳細剖析一下Spring Security中的這些基本元素。
剖析基本配置元素
1. 有關auto-config屬性
在上面用到的auto-config屬性,其實是下面這些配置的縮寫:
- <http>??
- ????<intercept-url?pattern="/**"?access="ROLE_USER"?/>??
- ????<form-login?/>??
- ????<anonymous?/>??
- ????<http-basic?/>??
- ????<logout?/>??
- ????<remember-me?/>??
- </http>??
<http> <intercept-url pattern="/**" access="ROLE_USER" /> <form-login /> <anonymous /> <http-basic /> <logout /> <remember-me /> </http>
這些元素分別與登錄認證,匿名認證,基本認證,注銷處理和remember-me對應。 他們擁有各自的屬性,可以改變他們的具體行為。
這樣,我們在Acegi中所熟悉的元素又浮現在我們的面前。只是在這里,我們使用的是命名空間而已。
2. 與Acegi的比較
我們仔細觀察一下沒有auto-config的那段XML配置,是不是熟悉多了?讓我們來將基于命名空間的配置與傳統(tǒng)的Acegi的bean的配置做一個比較,我們會發(fā)現以下的區(qū)別:
1) 基于命名空間的配置更加簡潔,可維護性更強
例如,基于命名空間進行登錄認證的配置代碼,可能像這樣:
- <form-login?login-page="/login.jsp"?authentication-failure-url="/login.jsp?error=true"?default-target-url="/work"?/>??
<form-login login-page="/login.jsp" authentication-failure-url="/login.jsp?error=true" default-target-url="/work" />
如果使用老的Acegi的Bean的定義方式,可能像這樣:
- <bean?id="authenticationProcessingFilter"??
- ??????????class="org.acegisecurity.ui.webapp.AuthenticationProcessingFilter">??
- ????<property?name="authenticationManager"??
- ??????????????????ref="authenticationManager"/>??
- ????<property?name="authenticationFailureUrl"??
- ??????????????????value="/login.jsp?error=1"/>??
- ????<property?name="defaultTargetUrl"?value="/work"/>??
- ????<property?name="filterProcessesUrl"??
- ??????????????????value="/j_acegi_security_check"/>??
- ????<property?name="rememberMeServices"?ref="rememberMeServices"/>??
- </bean>??
<bean id="authenticationProcessingFilter" class="org.acegisecurity.ui.webapp.AuthenticationProcessingFilter"> <property name="authenticationManager" ref="authenticationManager"/> <property name="authenticationFailureUrl" value="/login.jsp?error=1"/> <property name="defaultTargetUrl" value="/work"/> <property name="filterProcessesUrl" value="/j_acegi_security_check"/> <property name="rememberMeServices" ref="rememberMeServices"/> </bean>
這樣的例子很多,有興趣的讀者可以一一進行比較。
2) 基于命名空間的配置,我們無需再擔心由于過濾器鏈的順序而導致的錯誤
以前,Acegi在缺乏默認內置配置的情況下,你需要自己來定義所有的bean,并指定這些bean在過濾器鏈中的順序。一旦順序錯了,很容易發(fā)生錯誤。而現在,過濾器鏈的順序被默認指定,你不需要在擔心由于順序的錯誤而導致的錯誤。
3. 過濾器鏈在哪里
到目前為止,我們都還沒有討論過整個Spring Security的核心部分:過濾器鏈。在原本Acegi的配置中,我們大概是這樣配置我們的過濾器鏈的:
- <bean?id="filterChainProxy"??
- ??????????class="org.acegisecurity.util.FilterChainProxy">??
- ????<property?name="filterInvocationDefinitionSource">??
- ????????<value>??
- ????????????????CONVERT_URL_TO_LOWERCASE_BEFORE_COMPARISON ??
- ????????????????PATTERN_TYPE_APACHE_ANT????????????????? ??
- ????????????????/common/**=#NONE#? ??
- ????????????????/css/**=#NONE#? ??
- ????????????????/images/**=#NONE# ??
- ????????????????/js/**=#NONE#? ??
- ????????????????/login.jsp=#NONE# ??
- ????????????????/**=httpSessionContextIntegrationFilter,logoutFilter,authenticationProcessingFilter,securityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter,exceptionTranslationFilter,filterSecurityInterceptor ??
- ????????</value>??
- ????</property>??
- </bean>??
<bean id="filterChainProxy" class="org.acegisecurity.util.FilterChainProxy"> <property name="filterInvocationDefinitionSource"> <value> CONVERT_URL_TO_LOWERCASE_BEFORE_COMPARISON PATTERN_TYPE_APACHE_ANT /common/**=#NONE# /css/**=#NONE# /images/**=#NONE# /js/**=#NONE# /login.jsp=#NONE# /**=httpSessionContextIntegrationFilter,logoutFilter,authenticationProcessingFilter,securityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter,exceptionTranslationFilter,filterSecurityInterceptor </value> </property> </bean>
其中,每個過濾器鏈都將對應于Spring配置文件中的bean的id。
現在,在Spring Security中,我們將看不到這些配置,這些配置都被內置在<http>節(jié)點中。讓我們來看看這些默認的,已經被內置的過濾器:

這些過濾器已經被Spring容器默認內置注冊,這也就是我們不再需要在配置文件中定義那么多bean的原因。
同時,過濾器順序在使用命名空間的時候是被嚴格執(zhí)行的。它們在初始化的時候就預先被排好序。不僅如此,Spring Security規(guī)定,你不能替換那些<http>元素自己使用而創(chuàng)建出的過濾器,比如HttpSessionContextIntegrationFilter, ExceptionTranslationFilter 或 FilterSecurityInterceptor。
當然,這樣的規(guī)定是否合理,有待進一步討論。因為實際上在很多時候,我們希望覆蓋過濾器鏈中的某個過濾器的默認行為。而Spring Security的這種規(guī)定在一定程度上限制了我們的行為。
不過Spring Security允許你把你自己的過濾器添加到隊列中,使用custom-filter元素,并且指定你的過濾器應該出現的位置:
- <beans:bean?id="myFilter"?class="com.mycompany.MySpecialAuthenticationFilter">??
- ????<custom-filter?position="AUTHENTICATION_PROCESSING_FILTER"/>??
- </beans:bean>??
<beans:bean id="myFilter" class="com.mycompany.MySpecialAuthenticationFilter"> <custom-filter position="AUTHENTICATION_PROCESSING_FILTER"/> </beans:bean>
不僅如此,你還可以使用after或before屬性,如果你想把你的過濾器添加到隊列中另一個過濾器的前面或后面。 可以分別在position屬性使用"FIRST"或"LAST"來指定你想讓你的過濾器出現在隊列元素的前面或后面。
這個特性或許能夠在一定程度上彌補Spring Security的死板規(guī)定,而在之后的應用中,我也會把它作為切入點,對資源進行管理。
另外,我需要補充一點的是,對于在http/intercept-url中沒有進行定義的URL,將會默認使用系統(tǒng)內置的過濾器鏈進行權限認證。所以,你并不需要在http/intercept-url中額外定義一個類似/**的匹配規(guī)則。
使用數據庫對用戶和權限進行管理
一般來說,我們都有使用數據庫對用戶和權限進行管理的需求,而不會把用戶寫死在配置文件里。所以,我們接下來就重點討論使用數據庫對用戶和權限進行管理的方法。
用戶和權限的關系設計
在此之前,我們首先需要討論一下用戶(User)和權限(Role)之間的關系。Spring Security在默認情況下,把這兩者當作一對多的關系進行處理。所以,在Spring Security中對這兩個對象所采用的表結構關系大概像這樣:
- CREATE?TABLE?users?( ??
- ??username?VARCHAR(50)?NOT?NULL?PRIMARY?KEY, ??
- ??password?VARCHAR(50)?NOT?NULL, ??
- ??enabled?BIT?NOT?NULL ??
- ); ??
- ??
- CREATE?TABLE?authorities?( ??
- ??username?VARCHAR(50)?NOT?NULL, ??
- ??authority?VARCHAR(50)?NOT?NULL ??
- );??
CREATE TABLE users ( username VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, password VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, enabled BIT NOT NULL ); CREATE TABLE authorities ( username VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, authority VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL );
不過這種設計方式在實際生產環(huán)境中基本上不會采用。一般來說,我們會使用邏輯主鍵ID來標示每個User和每個Authorities(Role)。而且從典型意義上講,他們之間是一個多對多的關系,我們會采用3張表來表示,下面是我在MySQL中建立的3張表的schema示例:
- CREATE?TABLE?`user`?( ??
- ??`id`?int(11)?NOT?NULL?auto_increment, ??
- ??`name`?varchar(255)?default?NULL, ??
- ??`password`?varchar(255)?default?NULL, ??
- ??`disabled`?int(1)?NOT?NULL, ??
- ??PRIMARY?KEY??(`id`) ??
- )?ENGINE=InnoDB?DEFAULT?CHARSET=utf8; ??
- ??
- CREATE?TABLE?`role`?( ??
- ??`id`?int(11)?NOT?NULL?auto_increment, ??
- ??`name`?varchar(255)?default?NULL, ??
- ??PRIMARY?KEY??(`id`) ??
- )?ENGINE=InnoDB?DEFAULT?CHARSET=utf8; ??
- ??
- CREATE?TABLE?`user_role`?( ??
- ??`user_id`?int(11)?NOT?NULL, ??
- ??`role_id`?int(11)?NOT?NULL, ??
- ??PRIMARY?KEY??(`user_id`,`role_id`), ??
- ??UNIQUE?KEY?`role_id`?(`role_id`), ??
- ??KEY?`FK143BF46AF6AD4381`?(`user_id`), ??
- ??KEY?`FK143BF46A51827FA1`?(`role_id`), ??
- ??CONSTRAINT?`FK143BF46A51827FA1`?FOREIGN?KEY?(`role_id`)?REFERENCES?`role`?(`id`), ??
- ??CONSTRAINT?`FK143BF46AF6AD4381`?FOREIGN?KEY?(`user_id`)?REFERENCES?`user`?(`id`) ??
- )?ENGINE=InnoDB?DEFAULT?CHARSET=utf8;??
CREATE TABLE `user` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment, `name` varchar(255) default NULL, `password` varchar(255) default NULL, `disabled` int(1) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; CREATE TABLE `role` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment, `name` varchar(255) default NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; CREATE TABLE `user_role` ( `user_id` int(11) NOT NULL, `role_id` int(11) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`,`role_id`), UNIQUE KEY `role_id` (`role_id`), KEY `FK143BF46AF6AD4381` (`user_id`), KEY `FK143BF46A51827FA1` (`role_id`), CONSTRAINT `FK143BF46A51827FA1` FOREIGN KEY (`role_id`) REFERENCES `role` (`id`), CONSTRAINT `FK143BF46AF6AD4381` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `user` (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
通過配置SQL來模擬用戶和權限
有了數據庫的表設計,我們就可以在Spring Security中,通過配置SQL,來模擬用戶和權限,這依然通過<authentication-provider>來完成:
- <authentication-provider>??
- ????<jdbc-user-service?data-source-ref="dataSource"??
- ????users-by-username-query="SELECT?U.username,?U.password,?U.accountEnabled?AS?'enabled'?FROM?User?U?where?U.username=?"??
- ????authorities-by-username-query="SELECT?U.username,?R.name?as?'authority'?FROM?User?U?JOIN?Authority?A?ON?u.id?=?A.userId?JOIN?Role?R?ON?R.id?=?A.roleId?WHERE?U.username=?"/>??
- </authentication-provider>??
<authentication-provider> <jdbc-user-service data-source-ref="dataSource" users-by-username-query="SELECT U.username, U.password, U.accountEnabled AS 'enabled' FROM User U where U.username=?" authorities-by-username-query="SELECT U.username, R.name as 'authority' FROM User U JOIN Authority A ON u.id = A.userId JOIN Role R ON R.id = A.roleId WHERE U.username=?"/> </authentication-provider>
這里給出的是一個使用SQL進行模擬用戶和權限的示例。其中你需要為運行SQL準備相應的dataSource。這個dataSource應該對應于Spring中的某個bean的定義。
從這段配置模擬用戶和權限的情況來看,實際上Spring Security對于用戶,需要username,password,accountEnabled三個字段。對于權限,它需要的是username和authority2個字段。
也就是說,如果我們能夠通過其他的方式,模擬上面的這些對象,并插入到Spring Security中去,我們同樣能夠實現用戶和權限的認證。接下來,我們就來看看我們如何通過自己的實現,來完成這件事情。
通過擴展Spring Security的默認實現來進行用戶和權限的管理
事實上,Spring Security提供了2個認證的接口,分別用于模擬用戶和權限,以及讀取用戶和權限的操作方法。這兩個接口分別是:UserDetails和UserDetailsService。
- public?interface?UserDetails?extends?Serializable?{ ??
- ???? ??
- ????GrantedAuthority[]?getAuthorities(); ??
- ??
- ????String?getPassword(); ??
- ??
- ????String?getUsername(); ??
- ??
- ????boolean?isAccountNonExpired(); ??
- ??
- ????boolean?isAccountNonLocked(); ??
- ??
- ????boolean?isCredentialsNonExpired(); ??
- ??
- ????boolean?isEnabled(); ??
- }??
public interface UserDetails extends Serializable { GrantedAuthority[] getAuthorities(); String getPassword(); String getUsername(); boolean isAccountNonExpired(); boolean isAccountNonLocked(); boolean isCredentialsNonExpired(); boolean isEnabled(); }
- public?interface?UserDetailsService?{ ??
- ????UserDetails?loadUserByUsername(String?username) ??
- ????????throws?UsernameNotFoundException,?DataAccessException; ??
- }??
public interface UserDetailsService { UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException, DataAccessException; }
非常清楚,一個接口用于模擬用戶,另外一個用于模擬讀取用戶的過程。所以我們可以通過實現這兩個接口,來完成使用數據庫對用戶和權限進行管理的需求。在這里,我將給出一個使用Hibernate來定義用戶和權限之間關系的示例。
1. 定義User類和Role類,使他們之間形成多對多的關系
- @Entity??
- @Proxy(lazy?=?false) ??
- @Cache(usage?=?CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE) ??
- public?class?User?{ ??
- ???? ??
- ????private?static?final?long?serialVersionUID?=?8026813053768023527L; ??
- ??
- ????@Id??
- ????@GeneratedValue??
- ????private?Integer?id; ??
- ???? ??
- ????private?String?name; ??
- ???? ??
- ????private?String?password; ??
- ???? ??
- ????private?boolean?disabled; ??
- ???? ??
- ????@ManyToMany(targetEntity?=?Role.class,?fetch?=?FetchType.EAGER) ??
- ????@JoinTable(name?=?"user_role",?joinColumns?=?@JoinColumn(name?=?"user_id"),?inverseJoinColumns?=?@JoinColumn(name?=?"role_id")) ??
- ????@Cache(usage?=?CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE) ??
- ????private?Set<Role>?roles; ??
- ??
- ????????//?setters?and?getters ??
- }??
@Entity @Proxy(lazy = false) @Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE) public class User { private static final long serialVersionUID = 8026813053768023527L; @Id @GeneratedValue private Integer id; private String name; private String password; private boolean disabled; @ManyToMany(targetEntity = Role.class, fetch = FetchType.EAGER) @JoinTable(name = "user_role", joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "user_id"), inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "role_id")) @Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE) private Set<Role> roles; // setters and getters }
- @Entity??
- @Cache(usage?=?CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE) ??
- public?class?Role?{ ??
- ???? ??
- ????@Id??
- ????@GeneratedValue??
- ????private?Integer?id; ??
- ???? ??
- ????private?String?name; ??
- ???????? ??
- ????????//?setters?and?getters ??
- }??
@Entity @Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE) public class Role { @Id @GeneratedValue private Integer id; private String name; // setters and getters }
請注意這里的Annotation的寫法。同時,我為User和Role之間配置了緩存。并且將他們之間的關聯(lián)關系設置的lazy屬性設置成false,從而保證在User對象取出之后的使用不會因為脫離session的生命周期而產生lazy loading問題。
2. 使User類實現UserDetails接口
接下來,我們讓User類去實現UserDetails接口:
- @Entity??
- @Proxy(lazy?=?false) ??
- @Cache(usage?=?CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE) ??
- public?class?User?implements?UserDetails?{ ??
- ???? ??
- ????private?static?final?long?serialVersionUID?=?8026813053768023527L; ??
- ??
- ????@Id??
- ????@GeneratedValue??
- ????private?Integer?id; ??
- ???? ??
- ????private?String?name; ??
- ???? ??
- ????private?String?password; ??
- ???? ??
- ????private?boolean?disabled; ??
- ???? ??
- ????@ManyToMany(targetEntity?=?Role.class,?fetch?=?FetchType.EAGER) ??
- ????@JoinTable(name?=?"user_role",?joinColumns?=?@JoinColumn(name?=?"user_id"),?inverseJoinColumns?=?@JoinColumn(name?=?"role_id")) ??
- ????@Cache(usage?=?CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE) ??
- ????private?Set<Role>?roles; ??
- ???? ??
- ????/** ?
- ?????*?The?default?constructor ?
- ?????*/??
- ????public?User()?{ ??
- ???????? ??
- ????} ??
- ??
- ????/*?(non-Javadoc) ?
- ?????*?@see?org.springframework.security.userdetails.UserDetails#getAuthorities() ?
- ?????*/??
- ????public?GrantedAuthority[]?getAuthorities()?{ ??
- ????????List<GrantedAuthority>?grantedAuthorities?=?new?ArrayList<GrantedAuthority>(roles.size()); ??
- ????????for(Role?role?:?roles)?{ ??
- ????????????grantedAuthorities.add(new?GrantedAuthorityImpl(role.getName())); ??
- ????????} ??
- ????????return?grantedAuthorities.toArray(new?GrantedAuthority[roles.size()]); ??
- ????} ??
- ??
- ????/*?(non-Javadoc) ?
- ?????*?@see?org.springframework.security.userdetails.UserDetails#getPassword() ?
- ?????*/??
- ????public?String?getPassword()?{ ??
- ????????return?password; ??
- ????} ??
- ??
- ????/*?(non-Javadoc) ?
- ?????*?@see?org.springframework.security.userdetails.UserDetails#getUsername() ?
- ?????*/??
- ????public?String?getUsername()?{ ??
- ????????return?name; ??
- ????} ??
- ??
- ????/*?(non-Javadoc) ?
- ?????*?@see?org.springframework.security.userdetails.UserDetails#isAccountNonExpired() ?
- ?????*/??
- ????public?boolean?isAccountNonExpired()?{ ??
- ????????return?true; ??
- ????} ??
- ??
- ????/*?(non-Javadoc) ?
- ?????*?@see?org.springframework.security.userdetails.UserDetails#isAccountNonLocked() ?
- ?????*/??
- ????public?boolean?isAccountNonLocked()?{ ??
- ????????return?true; ??
- ????} ??
- ??
- ????/*?(non-Javadoc) ?
- ?????*?@see?org.springframework.security.userdetails.UserDetails#isCredentialsNonExpired() ?
- ?????*/??
- ????public?boolean?isCredentialsNonExpired()?{ ??
- ????????return?true; ??
- ????} ??
- ??
- ????/*?(non-Javadoc) ?
- ?????*?@see?org.springframework.security.userdetails.UserDetails#isEnabled() ?
- ?????*/??
- ????public?boolean?isEnabled()?{ ??
- ????????return?!this.disabled; ??
- ????} ??
- ?????? ??
- ??????//?setters?and?getters ??
- }??
@Entity @Proxy(lazy = false) @Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE) public class User implements UserDetails { private static final long serialVersionUID = 8026813053768023527L; @Id @GeneratedValue private Integer id; private String name; private String password; private boolean disabled; @ManyToMany(targetEntity = Role.class, fetch = FetchType.EAGER) @JoinTable(name = "user_role", joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "user_id"), inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "role_id")) @Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE) private Set<Role> roles; /** * The default constructor */ public User() { } /* (non-Javadoc) * @see org.springframework.security.userdetails.UserDetails#getAuthorities() */ public GrantedAuthority[] getAuthorities() { List<GrantedAuthority> grantedAuthorities = new ArrayList<GrantedAuthority>(roles.size()); for(Role role : roles) { grantedAuthorities.add(new GrantedAuthorityImpl(role.getName())); } return grantedAuthorities.toArray(new GrantedAuthority[roles.size()]); } /* (non-Javadoc) * @see org.springframework.security.userdetails.UserDetails#getPassword() */ public String getPassword() { return password; } /* (non-Javadoc) * @see org.springframework.security.userdetails.UserDetails#getUsername() */ public String getUsername() { return name; } /* (non-Javadoc) * @see org.springframework.security.userdetails.UserDetails#isAccountNonExpired() */ public boolean isAccountNonExpired() { return true; } /* (non-Javadoc) * @see org.springframework.security.userdetails.UserDetails#isAccountNonLocked() */ public boolean isAccountNonLocked() { return true; } /* (non-Javadoc) * @see org.springframework.security.userdetails.UserDetails#isCredentialsNonExpired() */ public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() { return true; } /* (non-Javadoc) * @see org.springframework.security.userdetails.UserDetails#isEnabled() */ public boolean isEnabled() { return !this.disabled; } // setters and getters }
實現UserDetails接口中的每個函數,其實沒什么很大的難度,除了其中的一個函數我需要額外強調一下:
- /*?(non-Javadoc) ?
- ?*?@see?org.springframework.security.userdetails.UserDetails#getAuthorities() ?
- ?*/??
- public?GrantedAuthority[]?getAuthorities()?{ ??
- ????List<GrantedAuthority>?grantedAuthorities?=?new?ArrayList<GrantedAuthority>(roles.size()); ??
- ????for(Role?role?:?roles)?{ ??
- ????????grantedAuthorities.add(new?GrantedAuthorityImpl(role.getName())); ??
- ????????} ??
- ????????return?grantedAuthorities.toArray(new?GrantedAuthority[roles.size()]); ??
- }??
/* (non-Javadoc) * @see org.springframework.security.userdetails.UserDetails#getAuthorities() */ public GrantedAuthority[] getAuthorities() { List<GrantedAuthority> grantedAuthorities = new ArrayList<GrantedAuthority>(roles.size()); for(Role role : roles) { grantedAuthorities.add(new GrantedAuthorityImpl(role.getName())); } return grantedAuthorities.toArray(new GrantedAuthority[roles.size()]); }
這個函數的實際作用是根據User返回這個User所擁有的權限列表。如果以上面曾經用過的例子來說,如果當前User是downpour,我需要得到ROLE_USER和ROLE_ADMIN;如果當前User是robbin,我需要得到ROLE_USER。
了解了含義,實現就變得簡單了,由于User與Role是多對多的關系,我們可以通過User得到所有這個User所對應的Role,并把這些Role的name拼裝起來返回。
由此可見,實現UserDetails接口,并沒有什么神秘的地方,它只是實際上在一定程度上只是代替了使用配置文件的硬編碼:
- <user?name="downpour"?password="downpour"?authorities="ROLE_USER,?ROLE_ADMIN"?/>??
<user name="downpour" password="downpour" authorities="ROLE_USER, ROLE_ADMIN" />
3. 實現UserDetailsService接口
- @Repository("securityManager") ??
- public?class?SecurityManagerSupport?extends?HibernateDaoSupport?implements?UserDetailsService?{ ??
- ??
- ????/** ?
- ?????*?Init?sessionFactory?here?because?the?annotation?of?Spring?2.5?can?not?support?override?inject ?
- ?????*?? ?
- ?????*?@param?sessionFactory ?
- ?????*/??
- ????@Autowired??
- ????public?void?init(SessionFactory?sessionFactory)?{ ??
- ????????super.setSessionFactory(sessionFactory); ??
- ????} ??
- ??
- ????public?UserDetails?loadUserByUsername(String?userName)?throws?UsernameNotFoundException,?DataAccessException?{ ??
- ????????List<User>?users?=?getHibernateTemplate().find("FROM?User?user?WHERE?user.name?=???AND?user.disabled?=?false",?userName); ??
- ????????if(users.isEmpty())?{ ??
- ????????????throw?new?UsernameNotFoundException("User?"?+?userName?+?"?has?no?GrantedAuthority"); ??
- ????????} ??
- ????????return?users.get(0); ??
- ????} ??
- }??
@Repository("securityManager") public class SecurityManagerSupport extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDetailsService { /** * Init sessionFactory here because the annotation of Spring 2.5 can not support override inject * * @param sessionFactory */ @Autowired public void init(SessionFactory sessionFactory) { super.setSessionFactory(sessionFactory); } public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String userName) throws UsernameNotFoundException, DataAccessException { List<User> users = getHibernateTemplate().find("FROM User user WHERE user.name = ? AND user.disabled = false", userName); if(users.isEmpty()) { throw new UsernameNotFoundException("User " + userName + " has no GrantedAuthority"); } return users.get(0); } }
這個實現非常簡單,由于我們的User對象已經實現了UserDetails接口。所以我們只要使用Hibernate,根據userName取出相應的User對象即可。注意在這里,由于我們對于User的關聯(lián)對象Roles都設置了lazy="false",所以我們無需擔心lazy loading的問題。
4. 配置文件
有了上面的代碼,一切都變得很簡單,重新定義authentication-provider節(jié)點即可。如果你使用Spring 2.5的Annotation配置功能,你甚至可以不需要在配置文件中定義securityManager的bean。
- <authentication-provider?user-service-ref="securityManager">??
- ????<password-encoder?hash="md5"/>??
- </authentication-provider>??
<authentication-provider user-service-ref="securityManager"> <password-encoder hash="md5"/> </authentication-provider>
使用數據庫對資源進行管理
在完成了使用數據庫來進行用戶和權限的管理之后,我們再來看看http配置的部分。在實際應用中,我們不可能使用類似/**的方式來指定URL與權限ROLE的對應關系,而是會針對某些URL,指定某些特定的ROLE。而URL與ROLE之間的映射關系最好可以進行擴展和配置。而URL屬于資源的一種,所以接下來,我們就來看看如何使用數據庫來對權限和資源的匹配關系進行管理,并且將認證匹配加入到Spring Security中去。
權限和資源的設計
上面我們講到,用戶(User)和權限(Role)之間是一個多對多的關系。那么權限(Role)和資源(Resource)之間呢?其實他們之間也是一個典型的多對多的關系,我們同樣用3張表來表示:
- CREATE?TABLE?`role`?( ??
- ??`id`?int(11)?NOT?NULL?auto_increment, ??
- ??`name`?varchar(255)?default?NULL, ??
- ??`description`?varchar(255)?default?NULL, ??
- ??PRIMARY?KEY??(`id`) ??
- )?ENGINE=InnoDB?DEFAULT?CHARSET=utf8; ??
- ??
- CREATE?TABLE?`resource`?( ??
- ??`id`?int(11)?NOT?NULL?auto_increment, ??
- ??`type`?varchar(255)?default?NULL, ??
- ??`value`?varchar(255)?default?NULL, ??
- ??PRIMARY?KEY??(`id`) ??
- )?ENGINE=InnoDB?DEFAULT?CHARSET=utf8; ??
- ??
- CREATE?TABLE?`role_resource`?( ??
- ??`role_id`?int(11)?NOT?NULL, ??
- ??`resource_id`?int(11)?NOT?NULL, ??
- ??PRIMARY?KEY??(`role_id`,`resource_id`), ??
- ??KEY?`FKAEE599B751827FA1`?(`role_id`), ??
- ??KEY?`FKAEE599B7EFD18D21`?(`resource_id`), ??
- ??CONSTRAINT?`FKAEE599B751827FA1`?FOREIGN?KEY?(`role_id`)?REFERENCES?`role`?(`id`), ??
- ??CONSTRAINT?`FKAEE599B7EFD18D21`?FOREIGN?KEY?(`resource_id`)?REFERENCES?`resource`?(`id`) ??
- )?ENGINE=InnoDB?DEFAULT?CHARSET=utf8;??
CREATE TABLE `role` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment, `name` varchar(255) default NULL, `description` varchar(255) default NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; CREATE TABLE `resource` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment, `type` varchar(255) default NULL, `value` varchar(255) default NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; CREATE TABLE `role_resource` ( `role_id` int(11) NOT NULL, `resource_id` int(11) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`role_id`,`resource_id`), KEY `FKAEE599B751827FA1` (`role_id`), KEY `FKAEE599B7EFD18D21` (`resource_id`), CONSTRAINT `FKAEE599B751827FA1` FOREIGN KEY (`role_id`) REFERENCES `role` (`id`), CONSTRAINT `FKAEE599B7EFD18D21` FOREIGN KEY (`resource_id`) REFERENCES `resource` (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
在這里Resource可能分成多種類型,比如MENU,URL,METHOD等等。
針對資源的認證
針對資源的認證,實際上應該由Spring Security中的FilterSecurityInterceptor這個過濾器來完成。不過內置的FilterSecurityInterceptor的實現往往無法滿足我們的要求,所以傳統(tǒng)的Acegi的方式,我們往往會替換FilterSecurityInterceptor的實現,從而對URL等資源進行認證。
不過在Spring Security中,由于默認的攔截器鏈內置了FilterSecurityInterceptor,而且上面我們也提到過,這個實現無法被替換。這就使我們犯了難。我們如何對資源進行認證呢?
實際上,我們雖然無法替換FilterSecurityInterceptor的默認實現,不過我們可以再實現一個類似的過濾器,并將我們自己的過濾器作為一個customer-filter,加到默認的過濾器鏈的最后,從而完成整個過濾檢查。
接下來我們就來看看一個完整的例子:
1. 建立權限(Role)和資源(Resource)之間的關聯(lián)關系
修改上面的權限(Role)的Entity定義:
- @Entity??
- @Cache(usage?=?CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE) ??
- public?class?Role?{ ??
- ???? ??
- ????@Id??
- ????@GeneratedValue??
- ????private?Integer?id; ??
- ???? ??
- ????private?String?name; ??
- ???? ??
- ????@ManyToMany(targetEntity?=?Resource.class,?fetch?=?FetchType.EAGER) ??
- ????@JoinTable(name?=?"role_resource",?joinColumns?=?@JoinColumn(name?=?"role_id"),?inverseJoinColumns?=?@JoinColumn(name?=?"resource_id")) ??
- ????@Cache(usage?=?CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE) ??
- ????private?Set<Resource>?resources; ??
- ??
- ????????//?setters?and?getter ??
- }??
@Entity @Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE) public class Role { @Id @GeneratedValue private Integer id; private String name; @ManyToMany(targetEntity = Resource.class, fetch = FetchType.EAGER) @JoinTable(name = "role_resource", joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "role_id"), inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "resource_id")) @Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE) private Set<Resource> resources; // setters and getter }
增加資源(Resource)的Entity定義:
- @Entity??
- @Cache(usage?=?CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE) ??
- ??
- public?class?Resource?{ ??
- ??
- ????@Id??
- ????@GeneratedValue??
- ????private?Integer?id; ??
- ???? ??
- ????private?String?type; ??
- ???? ??
- ????private?String?value; ??
- ???? ??
- ????@ManyToMany(mappedBy?=?"resources",?targetEntity?=?Role.class,?fetch?=?FetchType.EAGER) ??
- ????@Cache(usage?=?CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE) ??
- ????private?Set<Role>?roles; ??
- ???? ??
- ????/** ?
- ?????*?The?default?constructor ?
- ?????*/??
- ????public?Resource()?{ ??
- ???????? ??
- ????} ??
- }??
@Entity @Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE) public class Resource { @Id @GeneratedValue private Integer id; private String type; private String value; @ManyToMany(mappedBy = "resources", targetEntity = Role.class, fetch = FetchType.EAGER) @Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE) private Set<Role> roles; /** * The default constructor */ public Resource() { } }
注意他們之間的多對多關系,以及他們之間關聯(lián)關系的緩存和lazy屬性設置。
2. 在系統(tǒng)啟動的時候,把所有的資源load到內存作為緩存
由于資源信息對于每個項目來說,相對固定,所以我們可以將他們在系統(tǒng)啟動的時候就load到內存作為緩存。這里做法很多,我給出的示例是將資源的存放在servletContext中。
- public?class?ServletContextLoaderListener?implements?ServletContextListener?{ ??
- ??
- ????/*?(non-Javadoc) ?
- ?????*?@see?javax.servlet.ServletContextListener#contextInitialized(javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent) ?
- ?????*/??
- ????public?void?contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent?servletContextEvent)?{ ??
- ????????ServletContext?servletContext?=?servletContextEvent.getServletContext(); ??
- ????????SecurityManager?securityManager?=?this.getSecurityManager(servletContext); ??
- ???????? ??
- ????????Map<String,?String>?urlAuthorities?=?securityManager.loadUrlAuthorities(); ??
- ????????servletContext.setAttribute("urlAuthorities",?urlAuthorities); ??
- ????} ??
- ??
- ???? ??
- ????/*?(non-Javadoc) ?
- ?????*?@see?javax.servlet.ServletContextListener#contextDestroyed(javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent) ?
- ?????*/??
- ????public?void?contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent?servletContextEvent)?{ ??
- ????????servletContextEvent.getServletContext().removeAttribute("urlAuthorities"); ??
- ????} ??
- ??
- ????/** ?
- ?????*?Get?SecurityManager?from?ApplicationContext ?
- ?????*? ?
- ?????*?@param?servletContext ?
- ?????*?@return ?
- ?????*/??
- ????protected?SecurityManager?getSecurityManager(ServletContext?servletContext)?{ ??
- ???????return?(SecurityManager)?WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(servletContext).getBean("securityManager");? ??
- ????} ??
- ??
- }??
public class ServletContextLoaderListener implements ServletContextListener { /* (non-Javadoc) * @see javax.servlet.ServletContextListener#contextInitialized(javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent) */ public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent servletContextEvent) { ServletContext servletContext = servletContextEvent.getServletContext(); SecurityManager securityManager = this.getSecurityManager(servletContext); Map<String, String> urlAuthorities = securityManager.loadUrlAuthorities(); servletContext.setAttribute("urlAuthorities", urlAuthorities); } /* (non-Javadoc) * @see javax.servlet.ServletContextListener#contextDestroyed(javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent) */ public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent servletContextEvent) { servletContextEvent.getServletContext().removeAttribute("urlAuthorities"); } /** * Get SecurityManager from ApplicationContext * * @param servletContext * @return */ protected SecurityManager getSecurityManager(ServletContext servletContext) { return (SecurityManager) WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(servletContext).getBean("securityManager"); } }
這里,我們看到了SecurityManager,這是一個接口,用于權限相關的邏輯處理。還記得之前我們使用數據庫管理User的時候所使用的一個實現類SecurityManagerSupport嘛?我們不妨依然借用這個類,讓它實現SecurityManager接口,來同時完成url的讀取工作。
- @Service("securityManager") ??
- public?class?SecurityManagerSupport?extends?HibernateDaoSupport?implements?UserDetailsService,?SecurityManager?{ ??
- ???? ??
- ????/** ?
- ?????*?Init?sessionFactory?here?because?the?annotation?of?Spring?2.5?can?not?support?override?inject ?
- ?????*?? ?
- ?????*?@param?sessionFactory ?
- ?????*/??
- ????@Autowired??
- ????public?void?init(SessionFactory?sessionFactory)?{ ??
- ????????super.setSessionFactory(sessionFactory); ??
- ????} ??
- ???? ??
- ????/*?(non-Javadoc) ?
- ?????*?@see?org.springframework.security.userdetails.UserDetailsService#loadUserByUsername(java.lang.String) ?
- ?????*/??
- ????public?UserDetails?loadUserByUsername(String?userName)?throws?UsernameNotFoundException,?DataAccessException?{ ??
- ????????List<User>?users?=?getHibernateTemplate().find("FROM?User?user?WHERE?user.name?=???AND?user.disabled?=?false",?userName); ??
- ????????if(users.isEmpty())?{ ??
- ????????????throw?new?UsernameNotFoundException("User?"?+?userName?+?"?has?no?GrantedAuthority"); ??
- ????????} ??
- ????????return?users.get(0); ??
- ????} ??
- ???? ??
- ????/*?(non-Javadoc) ?
- ?????*?@see?com.javaeye.sample.security.SecurityManager#loadUrlAuthorities() ?
- ?????*/??
- ????public?Map<String,?String>?loadUrlAuthorities()?{ ??
- ????????Map<String,?String>?urlAuthorities?=?new?HashMap<String,?String>(); ??
- ????????List<Resource>?urlResources?=?getHibernateTemplate().find("FROM?Resource?resource?WHERE?resource.type?=??",?"URL"); ??
- ????????for(Resource?resource?:?urlResources)?{ ??
- ????????????urlAuthorities.put(resource.getValue(),?resource.getRoleAuthorities()); ??
- ????????} ??
- ????????return?urlAuthorities; ??
- ????}??? ??
- }??
@Service("securityManager") public class SecurityManagerSupport extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDetailsService, SecurityManager { /** * Init sessionFactory here because the annotation of Spring 2.5 can not support override inject * * @param sessionFactory */ @Autowired public void init(SessionFactory sessionFactory) { super.setSessionFactory(sessionFactory); } /* (non-Javadoc) * @see org.springframework.security.userdetails.UserDetailsService#loadUserByUsername(java.lang.String) */ public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String userName) throws UsernameNotFoundException, DataAccessException { List<User> users = getHibernateTemplate().find("FROM User user WHERE user.name = ? AND user.disabled = false", userName); if(users.isEmpty()) { throw new UsernameNotFoundException("User " + userName + " has no GrantedAuthority"); } return users.get(0); } /* (non-Javadoc) * @see com.javaeye.sample.security.SecurityManager#loadUrlAuthorities() */ public Map<String, String> loadUrlAuthorities() { Map<String, String> urlAuthorities = new HashMap<String, String>(); List<Resource> urlResources = getHibernateTemplate().find("FROM Resource resource WHERE resource.type = ?", "URL"); for(Resource resource : urlResources) { urlAuthorities.put(resource.getValue(), resource.getRoleAuthorities()); } return urlAuthorities; } }
3. 編寫自己的FilterInvocationDefinitionSource實現類,對資源進行認證
- public?class?SecureResourceFilterInvocationDefinitionSource?implements?FilterInvocationDefinitionSource,?InitializingBean?{ ??
- ???? ??
- ????private?UrlMatcher?urlMatcher; ??
- ??
- ????private?boolean?useAntPath?=?true; ??
- ???? ??
- ????private?boolean?lowercaseComparisons?=?true; ??
- ???? ??
- ????/** ?
- ?????*?@param?useAntPath?the?useAntPath?to?set ?
- ?????*/??
- ????public?void?setUseAntPath(boolean?useAntPath)?{ ??
- ????????this.useAntPath?=?useAntPath; ??
- ????} ??
- ???? ??
- ????/** ?
- ?????*?@param?lowercaseComparisons ?
- ?????*/??
- ????public?void?setLowercaseComparisons(boolean?lowercaseComparisons)?{ ??
- ????????this.lowercaseComparisons?=?lowercaseComparisons; ??
- ????} ??
- ???? ??
- ????/*?(non-Javadoc) ?
- ?????*?@see?org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean#afterPropertiesSet() ?
- ?????*/??
- ????public?void?afterPropertiesSet()?throws?Exception?{ ??
- ???????? ??
- ????????//?default?url?matcher?will?be?RegexUrlPathMatcher ??
- ????????this.urlMatcher?=?new?RegexUrlPathMatcher(); ??
- ???????? ??
- ????????if?(useAntPath)?{??//?change?the?implementation?if?required ??
- ????????????this.urlMatcher?=?new?AntUrlPathMatcher(); ??
- ????????} ??
- ???????? ??
- ????????//?Only?change?from?the?defaults?if?the?attribute?has?been?set ??
- ????????if?("true".equals(lowercaseComparisons))?{ ??
- ????????????if?(!this.useAntPath)?{ ??
- ????????????????((RegexUrlPathMatcher)?this.urlMatcher).setRequiresLowerCaseUrl(true); ??
- ????????????} ??
- ????????}?else?if?("false".equals(lowercaseComparisons))?{ ??
- ????????????if?(this.useAntPath)?{ ??
- ????????????????((AntUrlPathMatcher)?this.urlMatcher).setRequiresLowerCaseUrl(false); ??
- ????????????} ??
- ????????} ??
- ???????? ??
- ????} ??
- ???? ??
- ????/*?(non-Javadoc) ?
- ?????*?@see?org.springframework.security.intercept.ObjectDefinitionSource#getAttributes(java.lang.Object) ?
- ?????*/??
- ????public?ConfigAttributeDefinition?getAttributes(Object?filter)?throws?IllegalArgumentException?{ ??
- ???????? ??
- ????????FilterInvocation?filterInvocation?=?(FilterInvocation)?filter; ??
- ????????String?requestURI?=?filterInvocation.getRequestUrl(); ??
- ????????Map<String,?String>?urlAuthorities?=?this.getUrlAuthorities(filterInvocation); ??
- ???????? ??
- ????????String?grantedAuthorities?=?null; ??
- ????????for(Iterator<Map.Entry<String,?String>>?iter?=?urlAuthorities.entrySet().iterator();?iter.hasNext();)?{ ??
- ????????????Map.Entry<String,?String>?entry?=?iter.next(); ??
- ????????????String?url?=?entry.getKey(); ??
- ???????????? ??
- ????????????if(urlMatcher.pathMatchesUrl(url,?requestURI))?{ ??
- ????????????????grantedAuthorities?=?entry.getValue(); ??
- ????????????????break; ??
- ????????????} ??
- ???????????? ??
- ????????} ??
- ???????? ??
- ????????if(grantedAuthorities?!=?null)?{ ??
- ????????????ConfigAttributeEditor?configAttrEditor?=?new?ConfigAttributeEditor(); ??
- ????????????configAttrEditor.setAsText(grantedAuthorities); ??
- ????????????return?(ConfigAttributeDefinition)?configAttrEditor.getValue(); ??
- ????????} ??
- ???????? ??
- ????????return?null; ??
- ????} ??
- ??
- ????/*?(non-Javadoc) ?
- ?????*?@see?org.springframework.security.intercept.ObjectDefinitionSource#getConfigAttributeDefinitions() ?
- ?????*/??
- ????@SuppressWarnings("unchecked") ??
- ????public?Collection?getConfigAttributeDefinitions()?{ ??
- ????????return?null; ??
- ????} ??
- ??
- ????/*?(non-Javadoc) ?
- ?????*?@see?org.springframework.security.intercept.ObjectDefinitionSource#supports(java.lang.Class) ?
- ?????*/??
- ????@SuppressWarnings("unchecked") ??
- ????public?boolean?supports(Class?clazz)?{ ??
- ????????return?true; ??
- ????} ??
- ???? ??
- ????/** ?
- ?????*? ?
- ?????*?@param?filterInvocation ?
- ?????*?@return ?
- ?????*/??
- ????@SuppressWarnings("unchecked") ??
- ????private?Map<String,?String>?getUrlAuthorities(FilterInvocation?filterInvocation)?{ ??
- ????????ServletContext?servletContext?=?filterInvocation.getHttpRequest().getSession().getServletContext(); ??
- ????????return?(Map<String,?String>)servletContext.getAttribute("urlAuthorities"); ??
- ????} ??
- ??
- }??
public class SecureResourceFilterInvocationDefinitionSource implements FilterInvocationDefinitionSource, InitializingBean { private UrlMatcher urlMatcher; private boolean useAntPath = true; private boolean lowercaseComparisons = true; /** * @param useAntPath the useAntPath to set */ public void setUseAntPath(boolean useAntPath) { this.useAntPath = useAntPath; } /** * @param lowercaseComparisons */ public void setLowercaseComparisons(boolean lowercaseComparisons) { this.lowercaseComparisons = lowercaseComparisons; } /* (non-Javadoc) * @see org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean#afterPropertiesSet() */ public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception { // default url matcher will be RegexUrlPathMatcher this.urlMatcher = new RegexUrlPathMatcher(); if (useAntPath) { // change the implementation if required this.urlMatcher = new AntUrlPathMatcher(); } // Only change from the defaults if the attribute has been set if ("true".equals(lowercaseComparisons)) { if (!this.useAntPath) { ((RegexUrlPathMatcher) this.urlMatcher).setRequiresLowerCaseUrl(true); } } else if ("false".equals(lowercaseComparisons)) { if (this.useAntPath) { ((AntUrlPathMatcher) this.urlMatcher).setRequiresLowerCaseUrl(false); } } } /* (non-Javadoc) * @see org.springframework.security.intercept.ObjectDefinitionSource#getAttributes(java.lang.Object) */ public ConfigAttributeDefinition getAttributes(Object filter) throws IllegalArgumentException { FilterInvocation filterInvocation = (FilterInvocation) filter; String requestURI = filterInvocation.getRequestUrl(); Map<String, String> urlAuthorities = this.getUrlAuthorities(filterInvocation); String grantedAuthorities = null; for(Iterator<Map.Entry<String, String>> iter = urlAuthorities.entrySet().iterator(); iter.hasNext();) { Map.Entry<String, String> entry = iter.next(); String url = entry.getKey(); if(urlMatcher.pathMatchesUrl(url, requestURI)) { grantedAuthorities = entry.getValue(); break; } } if(grantedAuthorities != null) { ConfigAttributeEditor configAttrEditor = new ConfigAttributeEditor(); configAttrEditor.setAsText(grantedAuthorities); return (ConfigAttributeDefinition) configAttrEditor.getValue(); } return null; } /* (non-Javadoc) * @see org.springframework.security.intercept.ObjectDefinitionSource#getConfigAttributeDefinitions() */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public Collection getConfigAttributeDefinitions() { return null; } /* (non-Javadoc) * @see org.springframework.security.intercept.ObjectDefinitionSource#supports(java.lang.Class) */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public boolean supports(Class clazz) { return true; } /** * * @param filterInvocation * @return */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") private Map<String, String> getUrlAuthorities(FilterInvocation filterInvocation) { ServletContext servletContext = filterInvocation.getHttpRequest().getSession().getServletContext(); return (Map<String, String>)servletContext.getAttribute("urlAuthorities"); } }
4. 配置文件修改
接下來,我們來修改一下Spring Security的配置文件,把我們自定義的這個過濾器插入到過濾器鏈中去。
- <beans:beans?xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"??
- ????xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"??
- ????xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"??
- ????xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans?http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd ??
- ????????????????????????http://www.springframework.org/schema/security?http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-2.0.4.xsd">??
- ???? ??
- ????<beans:bean?id="loggerListener"?class="org.springframework.security.event.authentication.LoggerListener"?/>??
- ???? ??
- ????<http?access-denied-page="/403.jsp"?>??
- ????????<intercept-url?pattern="/static/**"?filters="none"?/>??
- ????????<intercept-url?pattern="/template/**"?filters="none"?/>??
- ????????<intercept-url?pattern="/"?filters="none"?/>??
- ????????<intercept-url?pattern="/login.jsp"?filters="none"?/>??
- ????????<form-login?login-page="/login.jsp"?authentication-failure-url="/login.jsp?error=true"?default-target-url="/index"?/>??
- ????????<logout?logout-success-url="/login.jsp"/>??
- ????????<http-basic?/>??
- ????</http>??
- ??
- ????<authentication-manager?alias="authenticationManager"/>??
- ???? ??
- ????<authentication-provider?user-service-ref="securityManager">??
- ????????<password-encoder?hash="md5"/>??
- ????</authentication-provider>??
- ???? ??
- ????<beans:bean?id="accessDecisionManager"?class="org.springframework.security.vote.AffirmativeBased">??
- ????????<beans:property?name="allowIfAllAbstainDecisions"?value="false"/>??
- ????????<beans:property?name="decisionVoters">??
- ????????????<beans:list>??
- ????????????????<beans:bean?class="org.springframework.security.vote.RoleVoter"/>??
- ????????????????<beans:bean?class="org.springframework.security.vote.AuthenticatedVoter"/>??
- ????????????</beans:list>??
- ????????</beans:property>??
- ????</beans:bean>??
- ???? ??
- ????<beans:bean?id="resourceSecurityInterceptor"?class="org.springframework.security.intercept.web.FilterSecurityInterceptor">??
- ????????<beans:property?name="authenticationManager"?ref="authenticationManager"/>??
- ????????<beans:property?name="accessDecisionManager"?ref="accessDecisionManager"/>??
- ????????<beans:property?name="objectDefinitionSource"?ref="secureResourceFilterInvocationDefinitionSource"?/>??
- ????????<beans:property?name="observeOncePerRequest"?value="false"?/>??
- ????????<custom-filter?after="LAST"?/>??
- ????</beans:bean>??
- ???? ??
- ????<beans:bean?id="secureResourceFilterInvocationDefinitionSource"?class="com.javaeye.sample.security.interceptor.SecureResourceFilterInvocationDefinitionSource"?/>??
- ???? ??
- </beans:beans>??
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security" xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-2.0.4.xsd"> <beans:bean id="loggerListener" class="org.springframework.security.event.authentication.LoggerListener" /> <http access-denied-page="/403.jsp" > <intercept-url pattern="/static/**" filters="none" /> <intercept-url pattern="/template/**" filters="none" /> <intercept-url pattern="/" filters="none" /> <intercept-url pattern="/login.jsp" filters="none" /> <form-login login-page="/login.jsp" authentication-failure-url="/login.jsp?error=true" default-target-url="/index" /> <logout logout-success-url="/login.jsp"/> <http-basic /> </http> <authentication-manager alias="authenticationManager"/> <authentication-provider user-service-ref="securityManager"> <password-encoder hash="md5"/> </authentication-provider> <beans:bean id="accessDecisionManager" class="org.springframework.security.vote.AffirmativeBased"> <beans:property name="allowIfAllAbstainDecisions" value="false"/> <beans:property name="decisionVoters"> <beans:list> <beans:bean class="org.springframework.security.vote.RoleVoter"/> <beans:bean class="org.springframework.security.vote.AuthenticatedVoter"/> </beans:list> </beans:property> </beans:bean> <beans:bean id="resourceSecurityInterceptor" class="org.springframework.security.intercept.web.FilterSecurityInterceptor"> <beans:property name="authenticationManager" ref="authenticationManager"/> <beans:property name="accessDecisionManager" ref="accessDecisionManager"/> <beans:property name="objectDefinitionSource" ref="secureResourceFilterInvocationDefinitionSource" /> <beans:property name="observeOncePerRequest" value="false" /> <custom-filter after="LAST" /> </beans:bean> <beans:bean id="secureResourceFilterInvocationDefinitionSource" class="com.javaeye.sample.security.interceptor.SecureResourceFilterInvocationDefinitionSource" /> </beans:beans>
請注意,由于我們所實現的,是FilterSecurityInterceptor中的一個開放接口,所以我們實際上定義了一個新的bean,并通過<custom-filter after="LAST" />插入到過濾器鏈中去。
Spring Security對象的訪問
1. 訪問當前登錄用戶
Spring Security提供了一個線程安全的對象:SecurityContextHolder,通過這個對象,我們可以訪問當前的登錄用戶。我寫了一個類,可以通過靜態(tài)方法去讀取:
- public?class?SecurityUserHolder?{ ??
- ??
- ????/** ?
- ?????*?Returns?the?current?user ?
- ?????*? ?
- ?????*?@return ?
- ?????*/??
- ????public?static?User?getCurrentUser()?{ ??
- ????????return?(User)?SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication().getPrincipal(); ??
- ????} ??
- ??
- }??
public class SecurityUserHolder { /** * Returns the current user * * @return */ public static User getCurrentUser() { return (User) SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication().getPrincipal(); } }
2. 訪問當前登錄用戶所擁有的權限
通過上面的分析,我們知道,用戶所擁有的所有權限,其實是通過UserDetails接口中的getAuthorities()方法獲得的。只要實現這個接口,就能實現需求。在我的代碼中,不僅實現了這個接口,還在上面做了點小文章,這樣我們可以獲得一個用戶所擁有權限的字符串表示:
- /*?(non-Javadoc) ?
- ?*?@see?org.springframework.security.userdetails.UserDetails#getAuthorities() ?
- ?*/??
- public?GrantedAuthority[]?getAuthorities()?{ ??
- ????List<GrantedAuthority>?grantedAuthorities?=?new?ArrayList<GrantedAuthority>(roles.size()); ??
- ????for(Role?role?:?roles)?{ ??
- ????????grantedAuthorities.add(new?GrantedAuthorityImpl(role.getName())); ??
- ????} ??
- ???????return?grantedAuthorities.toArray(new?GrantedAuthority[roles.size()]); ??
- } ??
- ??
- /** ?
- ?*?Returns?the?authorites?string ?
- ?*? ?
- ?*?eg.? ?
- ?*????downpour?---?ROLE_ADMIN,ROLE_USER ?
- ?*????robbin?---?ROLE_ADMIN ?
- ?*? ?
- ?*?@return ?
- ?*/??
- public?String?getAuthoritiesString()?{ ??
- ????List<String>?authorities?=?new?ArrayList<String>(); ??
- ????for(GrantedAuthority?authority?:?this.getAuthorities())?{ ??
- ????????authorities.add(authority.getAuthority()); ??
- ????} ??
- ????return?StringUtils.join(authorities,?","); ??
- }??
/* (non-Javadoc) * @see org.springframework.security.userdetails.UserDetails#getAuthorities() */ public GrantedAuthority[] getAuthorities() { List<GrantedAuthority> grantedAuthorities = new ArrayList<GrantedAuthority>(roles.size()); for(Role role : roles) { grantedAuthorities.add(new GrantedAuthorityImpl(role.getName())); } return grantedAuthorities.toArray(new GrantedAuthority[roles.size()]); } /** * Returns the authorites string * * eg. * downpour --- ROLE_ADMIN,ROLE_USER * robbin --- ROLE_ADMIN * * @return */ public String getAuthoritiesString() { List<String> authorities = new ArrayList<String>(); for(GrantedAuthority authority : this.getAuthorities()) { authorities.add(authority.getAuthority()); } return StringUtils.join(authorities, ","); }
3. 訪問當前登錄用戶能夠訪問的資源
這就涉及到用戶(User),權限(Role)和資源(Resource)三者之間的對應關系。我同樣在User對象中實現了一個方法:
- /** ?
- ?*?@return?the?roleResources ?
- ?*/??
- public?Map<String,?List<Resource>>?getRoleResources()?{ ??
- ????//?init?roleResources?for?the?first?time ??
- ????if(this.roleResources?==?null)?{???????????? ??
- ????????this.roleResources?=?new?HashMap<String,?List<Resource>>(); ??
- ???????????? ??
- ????????for(Role?role?:?this.roles)?{ ??
- ????????????String?roleName?=?role.getName(); ??
- ????????????Set<Resource>?resources?=?role.getResources(); ??
- ????????????for(Resource?resource?:?resources)?{ ??
- ????????????????String?key?=?roleName?+?"_"?+?resource.getType(); ??
- ????????????????????if(!this.roleResources.containsKey(key))?{ ??
- ????????????????????????this.roleResources.put(key,?new?ArrayList<Resource>()); ??
- ????????????????} ??
- ????????????????????this.roleResources.get(key).add(resource);?????????????????? ??
- ????????????} ??
- ????????} ??
- ???????????? ??
- ????} ??
- ????return?this.roleResources; ??
- }??
/** * @return the roleResources */ public Map<String, List<Resource>> getRoleResources() { // init roleResources for the first time if(this.roleResources == null) { this.roleResources = new HashMap<String, List<Resource>>(); for(Role role : this.roles) { String roleName = role.getName(); Set<Resource> resources = role.getResources(); for(Resource resource : resources) { String key = roleName + "_" + resource.getType(); if(!this.roleResources.containsKey(key)) { this.roleResources.put(key, new ArrayList<Resource>()); } this.roleResources.get(key).add(resource); } } } return this.roleResources; }
這里,會在User對象中設置一個緩存機制,在第一次取的時候,通過遍歷User所有的Role,獲取相應的Resource信息。
代碼示例
在附件中,我給出了一個簡單的例子,把我上面所講到的所有內容整合在一起,是一個eclipse的工程,大家可以下載進行參考。
posted on 2009-09-30 16:59 duansky 閱讀(718) 評論(0) 編輯 收藏 所屬分類: Java