GOF:運用共享技術有效地支持大量細粒度的對象。
解釋一下概念:也就是說在一個系統中如果有多個相同的對象,那么只共享一份就可以了,不必每個都去實例化一個對象。比如說(這里引用GOF書中的例子)一個文本系統,每個字母定一個對象,那么大小寫字母一共就是52個,那么就要定義52個對象。如果有一個1M的文本,那么字母是何其的多,如果每個字母都定義一個對象那么內存早就爆了。那么如果要是每個字母都共享一個對象,那么就大大節約了資源。
在Flyweight模式中,由于要產生各種各樣的對象,所以在Flyweight(享元)模式中常出現Factory模式。Flyweight的內部狀態是用來共享的,Flyweight factory負責維護一個對象存儲池(Flyweight Pool)來存放內部狀態的對象。Flyweight模式是一個提高程序效率和性能的模式,會大大加快程序的運行速度.應用場合很多,下面舉個例子:
先定義一個抽象的Flyweight類:
在實現一個具體類:
實現一個工廠方法類:
下面是運行結果:
下面給出一個簡易的UML圖:

解釋一下概念:也就是說在一個系統中如果有多個相同的對象,那么只共享一份就可以了,不必每個都去實例化一個對象。比如說(這里引用GOF書中的例子)一個文本系統,每個字母定一個對象,那么大小寫字母一共就是52個,那么就要定義52個對象。如果有一個1M的文本,那么字母是何其的多,如果每個字母都定義一個對象那么內存早就爆了。那么如果要是每個字母都共享一個對象,那么就大大節約了資源。
在Flyweight模式中,由于要產生各種各樣的對象,所以在Flyweight(享元)模式中常出現Factory模式。Flyweight的內部狀態是用來共享的,Flyweight factory負責維護一個對象存儲池(Flyweight Pool)來存放內部狀態的對象。Flyweight模式是一個提高程序效率和性能的模式,會大大加快程序的運行速度.應用場合很多,下面舉個例子:
先定義一個抽象的Flyweight類:
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package Flyweight;
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public abstract class Flyweight
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{
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public abstract void operation();
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}//end abstract class Flyweight

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在實現一個具體類:
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package Flyweight;
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public class ConcreteFlyweight extends Flyweight
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{
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private String string;
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public ConcreteFlyweight(String str)
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{
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string = str;
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}//end ConcreteFlyweight(
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public void operation()
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{
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System.out.println("Concrete---Flyweight : " + string);
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}//end operation()
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}//end class ConcreteFlyweight

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實現一個工廠方法類:
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package Flyweight;
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import java.util.Hashtable;
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public class FlyweightFactory
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{
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private Hashtable flyweights = new Hashtable();//----------------------------1
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public FlyweightFactory()
{}
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public Flyweight getFlyWeight(Object obj)
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{
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Flyweight flyweight = (Flyweight) flyweights.get(obj);//----------------2
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if(flyweight == null)
{//---------------------------------------------------3
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//產生新的ConcreteFlyweight
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flyweight = new ConcreteFlyweight((String)obj);
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flyweights.put(obj, flyweight);//--------------------------------------5
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}
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return flyweight;//---------------------------------------------------------6
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}//end GetFlyWeight(
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public int getFlyweightSize()
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{
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return flyweights.size();
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}
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}//end class FlyweightFactory

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這個工廠方法類非常關鍵,這里詳細解釋一下:
在1處定義了一個Hashtable用來存儲各個對象;在2處選出要實例化的對象,在6處將該對象返回,如果在Hashtable中沒有要選擇的對象,此時變量flyweight為null,產生一個新的flyweight存儲在Hashtable中,并將該對象返回。
最后看看Flyweight的調用:
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package Flyweight;
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import java.util.Hashtable;
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public class FlyweightPattern
{
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FlyweightFactory factory = new FlyweightFactory();
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Flyweight fly1;
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Flyweight fly2;
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Flyweight fly3;
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Flyweight fly4;
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Flyweight fly5;
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Flyweight fly6;
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/** *//** Creates a new instance of FlyweightPattern */
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public FlyweightPattern()
{
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fly1 = factory.getFlyWeight("Google");
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fly2 = factory.getFlyWeight("Qutr");
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fly3 = factory.getFlyWeight("Google");
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fly4 = factory.getFlyWeight("Google");
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fly5 = factory.getFlyWeight("Google");
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fly6 = factory.getFlyWeight("Google");
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}//end FlyweightPattern()
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public void showFlyweight()
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{
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fly1.operation();
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fly2.operation();
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fly3.operation();
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fly4.operation();
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fly5.operation();
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fly6.operation();
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int objSize = factory.getFlyweightSize();
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System.out.println("objSize = " + objSize);
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}//end showFlyweight()
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public static void main(String[] args)
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{
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System.out.println("The FlyWeight Pattern!");
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FlyweightPattern fp = new FlyweightPattern();
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fp.showFlyweight();
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}//end main(
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}//end class FlyweightPattern

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下面是運行結果:
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Concrete---Flyweight : Google
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Concrete---Flyweight : Qutr
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Concrete---Flyweight : Google
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Concrete---Flyweight : Google
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Concrete---Flyweight : Google
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Concrete---Flyweight : Google
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objSize = 2
我們定義了6個對象,其中有5個是相同的,按照Flyweight模式的定義“Google”應該共享一個對象,在實際的對象數中我們可以看出實際的對象卻是只有2個。
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下面給出一個簡易的UML圖:
