余坚 — Thu, 06 May 2010 06:29:00 GMT

perl��C��?br />
1. 'yu' x 3 # print yuyuyu

2.print "yu jian ${age}s" # 加{} 促��变量不会变成$ages

3. 4 ** 2 #4的��^�?br />
4.(1..5) # -->(1,2,3,4,5)

5.qw ( yu jian's book) # ��z�，更少输入

6.($yu,$jian)=($jian,$yu) # ��g��?/div>

7.($yu,$jian)=qw(yu jian) # 赋�?/div>

8.@array=qw/yu jian/; #数组

9.@array=5..9;

$yu=pop(@array) # $yu=9 and @array=(5,6,7,8)

$yu=pop @array # $yu=8 and @array=(5,6,7)

10.如果数组为空 pop不会报错�Q�什么也不返回，直接�q�回undef

11.push(@array,0) # @array=(5,6,7,0)

12.pop和push都操作数�l�末��?/div>

13.shift和unshift是对数组的开始端操作

14.$_ perl的默认变�?/div>

for(1...10){

print $_; # $_ = 1 or 2 or 3...

}

15.perl会正��处理上下文

@people=qw{yu gao};

@list=@people #得到列表

$n=@people #得到人数2

16.scalar @array #scalar ��D��切换为标量上下文

@array =qw/yu jian gao su/;

print "love is ".@array."\n"; #love is 4

print "love is ",@array,"\n"; #love is yujiangaosu

print "love is ".scalar @array,"\n";#love is 4

17.@lines= #在列表上下文中读取标准输�?/div>

18.chomp ��L��所有的换行�W?chmop(@lines)

19.调用自定义方�? &methodName;

20.sub max{

if(@_!=2){ #判断参数个数

print "waning!!!"�Q?br />

return -1;

}

my($m,$n); #创徏新的所有变�?br />

($m,$n)=@_; #��参数赋值给变量

if($m > $n){$m}else{$n}

}

21.my($num)=@_ #获取数组的第一个元�?/div>

my $num=@_ #数组的数�?/div>

22.use strice ; #强制使用一些严格的良好的程序语�a�规则

23.sub division{

$_[0] / $_[1]; #�W�一个参数和�W�二个参�?br />

}

24.@ARGV=qw# file1 file2 #;# 强制让砖��x��作符��d��q�两个文�?/div>

while(<>){

chomp;

print "It was $_\n":

}

25.printf "Hello, %s; your password in %d days!\n",$user,$days;#格式化输�?/div>

%d 整数 %g ��点�?/div>

27.die处理错误输出

28.��d��文�g

open CONFIG,"c:/test.txt";

while(){

print $_."\n";

}

29. say == print xxxx ."\n" # say 相当 �{�于print 加换行符

30.hash

$family_name{"fred"}="flint";

$family_name{"bar"} ="rubble";

%family_name("fred","flint","bar","rubble");

my %family_name=(

"fred" => "flint",

"bar" => "rubblle";

)

my @k=keys %family_name;

my @v=values %family_name; #return array

31.

each函数

while( ($key,$value)=each %family_name ){

print "$key => $value\n";

}

exists函数

if(exists $family_name("dino")){

}

delete函数

delete $family{"fred"};

32.\1,\2使用反向引用

$_=""abba;

if(/(.)\1/){#匚w��?bb

print "it matched";

}

33. \d = [0-9]

\w = [A-Za-z0-9_]

[^\d] 非数�?

[^\w]非词

[^\s]非空白字�W?/div>

34./yes/i # /i 不区分大��写

35./s 匚w��L��字符 �Q?不包括换�?/div>

36./x�q�行加入�I�白�Q�便于阅�ȝ��?/div>

37.m//模式匚w��搜烦功能

S/// 模式匚w��替换功能

/g 全局替换

38.@fields = split /separator/ , $string;

39.my $result = join $glue,@pieces;

my $x = join ":",4,5,6; # $x = "4:5:6";

40.*贪婪 *�Q�非贪婪版本

41.从命令行�q�行在线�~�辑

perl -p -w -e "s/ran/ra/g" fred.dat

-p 打印 -n ��L��自动打印 -w 打开警告选项 -e 表示后面更得是代码，而不是普通的参数

42.last �c�M��break

43.my $stuff="Howdy world!";

my $where=index($stuff,"wor"); # $where = 6

44.my $mineral=substr("Fred J. Flintstone",8,5); # ��gؓFlint

45.��匚w��对应不同��h��作数�Q�不同�d处理方式
%a ~~ %b         哈希的键是否一�?br /> %a ~~@b          臛_��%a中的一个键在列表@b之中
%a ~~ /Fred/     臛_��一个键匚w��l�定的模�?br /> %a ~~ 'Fred'      哈希中某一指定�?a{'Fred'} 是否存在
@a ~~ /Fred/     有一个元素匹配给定的模式
@a ~~ 123        臛_��有一个元素�{化�ؓ数字后事123

$name ~~ undef $name��实��未定义

46.system 启动子进�E?br /> system "date";

14.my $tarfile="some*.tar";
my @dirs=qw(fred|flinet betty);
system "tar"."cvf",$tarfile,@dirs; 带参数的�pȝ��命��o调用

47.system的所有语法对exec都适用
执行exec�c�M��goto语句�Q�蟩转到另个�q�程�q�行执行�Q�当前perl�q�程会关�?br /> chdir "/tmp" or die "cannot chdir /tmp: #!";
ecec "bedrock","-o","args1",@ARGV;

48.$ENV{'PATH'}="/home/rootbeer/bin:$ENV{'PATH'}";
delete $ENV{'IFS'};
my $make_result= system "make";
改修改�ƈ不能影响shell或者其他父�q�程

49.my $now =`date`;
print "The time is now $now";
��力反引可��用进�E?br />
50.perl -p -i.old -e "s/try//g" test.txt 替换文�g中的内容,重新写入文�g�Q?原文件备份�ؓold后缀的文�?
windows下要用双引号

51.

余坚 2010-05-06 14:29 发表评论

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