SpringSide 3 中的多數(shù)據(jù)源配置的問題
Posted on 2009-07-12 15:19 京山游俠 閱讀(16883) 評(píng)論(11) 編輯 收藏 所屬分類: SpringSide開發(fā)實(shí)戰(zhàn)第一步、測(cè)試能否配置多個(gè)DataSource
第二步、測(cè)試能否配置多個(gè)SessionFactory
第三步、測(cè)試能否配置多個(gè)TransactionManager
第四步、測(cè)試能否使用多個(gè)TransactionManager,也就是看能否配置多個(gè)<tx:annotation-driven/>
基本上到第四步就應(yīng)該走不通了,因?yàn)镾pring中似乎不能配置多個(gè)<tx:annotation-driven/>,而且@transactional注解也無法讓用戶選擇具體使用哪個(gè)TransactionManager。也就是說,在SpringSide的應(yīng)用中,不能讓不同的數(shù)據(jù)源分別屬于不同的事務(wù)管理器,多數(shù)據(jù)源只能使用分布式事務(wù)管理器,那么測(cè)試思路繼續(xù)如下進(jìn)行:
第五步、測(cè)試能否配置JTATransactionManager
如果到這一步,項(xiàng)目還能順利在Tomcat中運(yùn)行的話,我們就算大功告成了。但我總認(rèn)為事情不會(huì)那么順利,我總覺得JTATransactionManager需要應(yīng)用服務(wù)器的支持,而且需要和JNDI配合使用,具體是不是這樣,那只有等測(cè)試后才知道。如果被我不幸言中,那么進(jìn)行下一步:
第六步、更換Tomcat為GlassFish,更換JDBC的DataSource為JNDI查找的DataSource,然后配置JTATransactionManager
下面測(cè)試開始,先假設(shè)場(chǎng)景,還是繼續(xù)用上一篇中提到的簡(jiǎn)單的文章發(fā)布系統(tǒng),假設(shè)該系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行一段時(shí)間后非常火爆,單靠一臺(tái)服務(wù)器已經(jīng)無法支持巨大的用戶數(shù),這時(shí)候,站長(zhǎng)想到了把數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行水平劃分,于是,需要建立一個(gè)索引數(shù)據(jù)庫,該索引數(shù)據(jù)庫需保存每一篇文章的Subject及其內(nèi)容所在的Web服務(wù)器,而每一個(gè)Web服務(wù)器上運(yùn)行的項(xiàng)目,需要同時(shí)訪問索引數(shù)據(jù)庫和內(nèi)容數(shù)據(jù)庫。所以,需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建索引數(shù)據(jù)庫,如下:









第一步測(cè)試,配置多個(gè)DataSource,配置文件如下:
application.properties:


applicationContext.xml:
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd"
default-lazy-init="true">
<description>Spring公共配置文件 </description>
<!-- 定義受環(huán)境影響易變的變量 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="systemPropertiesModeName" value="SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_MODE_OVERRIDE" />
<property name="ignoreResourceNotFound" value="true" />
<property name="locations">
<list>
<!-- 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)配置 -->
<value>classpath*:/application.properties</value>
<!-- 本地開發(fā)環(huán)境配置 -->
<value>classpath*:/application.local.properties</value>
<!-- 服務(wù)器生產(chǎn)環(huán)境配置 -->
<!-- <value>file:/var/myapp/application.server.properties</value> -->
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 使用annotation 自動(dòng)注冊(cè)bean,并保證@Required,@Autowired的屬性被注入 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.puretext" />
<!-- 數(shù)據(jù)源配置,使用應(yīng)用內(nèi)的DBCP數(shù)據(jù)庫連接池 -->
<bean id="dataSourceContent" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<!-- Connection Info -->
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.urlContent}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<!-- Connection Pooling Info -->
<property name="initialSize" value="5" />
<property name="maxActive" value="100" />
<property name="maxIdle" value="30" />
<property name="maxWait" value="1000" />
<property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true" />
<property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="false" />
</bean>
<bean id="dataSourceIndex" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<!-- Connection Info -->
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.urlIndex}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<!-- Connection Pooling Info -->
<property name="initialSize" value="5" />
<property name="maxActive" value="100" />
<property name="maxIdle" value="30" />
<property name="maxWait" value="1000" />
<property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true" />
<property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="false" />
</bean>
<!-- 數(shù)據(jù)源配置,使用應(yīng)用服務(wù)器的數(shù)據(jù)庫連接池 -->
<!--<jee:jndi-lookup id="dataSource" jndi-name="java:comp/env/jdbc/ExampleDB" />-->
<!-- Hibernate配置 -->
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourceContent" />
<property name="namingStrategy">
<bean class="org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy" />
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider
</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.cache.provider_configuration_file_resource_path">${hibernate.ehcache_config_file}</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="packagesToScan" value="cn.puretext.entity.*" />
</bean>
<!-- 事務(wù)管理器配置,單數(shù)據(jù)源事務(wù) -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<!-- 事務(wù)管理器配置,多數(shù)據(jù)源JTA事務(wù)-->
<!--
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager or
WebLogicJtaTransactionManager" />
-->
<!-- 使用annotation定義事務(wù) -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
</beans>
這個(gè)時(shí)候運(yùn)行上一篇文章中寫好的單元測(cè)試DaoTest.java,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)還是會(huì)出錯(cuò),錯(cuò)誤原因如下:
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'cn.puretext.unit.service.DaoTest': Autowiring of methods failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire method: public void org.springframework.test.context.junit4.AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests.setDataSource(javax.sql.DataSource); nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No unique bean of type [javax.sql.DataSource] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: [dataSourceContent, dataSourceIndex]
經(jīng)過分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)是測(cè)試類的基類需要注入DataSource,而現(xiàn)在配置了多個(gè)DataSource,所以Spring不知道哪個(gè)DataSource匹配了,所以需要改寫DaoTest.java,如下:
import java.util.List;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springside.modules.orm.Page;
import org.springside.modules.test.junit4.SpringTxTestCase;
import cn.puretext.dao.ArticleDao;
import cn.puretext.entity.web.Article;
public class DaoTest extends SpringTxTestCase {
@Autowired
private ArticleDao articleDao;
public ArticleDao getArticleDao() {
return articleDao;
}
public void setArticleDao(ArticleDao articleDao) {
this.articleDao = articleDao;
}
@Override
@Resource(name = "dataSourceContent")
public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.setDataSource(dataSource);
}
@Test
public void addArticle() {
Article article = new Article();
article.setSubject("article test");
article.setContent("article test");
articleDao.save(article);
}
@Test
public void pageQuery() {
Page<Article> page = new Page<Article>();
page.setPageSize(10);
page.setPageNo(2);
page = articleDao.getAll(page);
List<Article> articles = page.getResult();
}
}
改變的內(nèi)容主要為重寫了基類中的setDataSource方法,并使用@Resource注解指定使用的DataSource為dataSourceContent。經(jīng)過修改后,單元測(cè)試成功運(yùn)行。
第二步,配置多個(gè)SessionFactory,配置文件如下:
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd"
default-lazy-init="true">
<description>Spring公共配置文件 </description>
<!-- 定義受環(huán)境影響易變的變量 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="systemPropertiesModeName" value="SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_MODE_OVERRIDE" />
<property name="ignoreResourceNotFound" value="true" />
<property name="locations">
<list>
<!-- 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)配置 -->
<value>classpath*:/application.properties</value>
<!-- 本地開發(fā)環(huán)境配置 -->
<value>classpath*:/application.local.properties</value>
<!-- 服務(wù)器生產(chǎn)環(huán)境配置 -->
<!-- <value>file:/var/myapp/application.server.properties</value> -->
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 使用annotation 自動(dòng)注冊(cè)bean,并保證@Required,@Autowired的屬性被注入 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.puretext" />
<!-- 數(shù)據(jù)源配置,使用應(yīng)用內(nèi)的DBCP數(shù)據(jù)庫連接池 -->
<bean id="dataSourceContent" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<!-- Connection Info -->
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.urlContent}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<!-- Connection Pooling Info -->
<property name="initialSize" value="5" />
<property name="maxActive" value="100" />
<property name="maxIdle" value="30" />
<property name="maxWait" value="1000" />
<property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true" />
<property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="false" />
</bean>
<bean id="dataSourceIndex" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<!-- Connection Info -->
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.urlIndex}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<!-- Connection Pooling Info -->
<property name="initialSize" value="5" />
<property name="maxActive" value="100" />
<property name="maxIdle" value="30" />
<property name="maxWait" value="1000" />
<property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true" />
<property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="false" />
</bean>
<!-- 數(shù)據(jù)源配置,使用應(yīng)用服務(wù)器的數(shù)據(jù)庫連接池 -->
<!--<jee:jndi-lookup id="dataSource" jndi-name="java:comp/env/jdbc/ExampleDB" />-->
<!-- Hibernate配置 -->
<bean id="sessionFactoryContent" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourceContent" />
<property name="namingStrategy">
<bean class="org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy" />
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider
</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.cache.provider_configuration_file_resource_path">${hibernate.ehcache_config_file}</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="packagesToScan" value="cn.puretext.entity.*" />
</bean>
<bean id="sessionFactoryIndex" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourceIndex" />
<property name="namingStrategy">
<bean class="org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy" />
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider
</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.cache.provider_configuration_file_resource_path">${hibernate.ehcache_config_file}</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="packagesToScan" value="cn.puretext.entity.*" />
</bean>
<!-- 事務(wù)管理器配置,單數(shù)據(jù)源事務(wù) -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactoryContent" />
</bean>
<!-- 事務(wù)管理器配置,多數(shù)據(jù)源JTA事務(wù)-->
<!--
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager or
WebLogicJtaTransactionManager" />
-->
<!-- 使用annotation定義事務(wù) -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
</beans>
運(yùn)行單元測(cè)試,報(bào)錯(cuò),錯(cuò)誤代碼如下:
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'cn.puretext.unit.service.DaoTest': Autowiring of fields failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private cn.puretext.dao.ArticleDao cn.puretext.unit.service.DaoTest.articleDao; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'articleDao': Autowiring of methods failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire method: public void org.springside.modules.orm.hibernate.SimpleHibernateDao.setSessionFactory(org.hibernate.SessionFactory); nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No unique bean of type [org.hibernate.SessionFactory] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: [sessionFactoryContent, sessionFactoryIndex]
這和上面出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤是異曲同工的,只不過這次是ArticleDao類里面不知道注入哪一個(gè)SessionFactory,因此,需要修改ArticleDao類,重寫setSessionFactory方法,并用@Resource注解指定,如下:
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springside.modules.orm.hibernate.HibernateDao;
import cn.puretext.entity.web.Article;
@Repository
public class ArticleDao extends HibernateDao<Article, Long> {
@Override
@Resource(name = "sessionFactoryContent")
public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.setSessionFactory(sessionFactory);
}
}
運(yùn)行單元測(cè)試,成功。
第三步、配置多個(gè)TransactionManager,如下:
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd"
default-lazy-init="true">
<description>Spring公共配置文件 </description>
<!-- 定義受環(huán)境影響易變的變量 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="systemPropertiesModeName" value="SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_MODE_OVERRIDE" />
<property name="ignoreResourceNotFound" value="true" />
<property name="locations">
<list>
<!-- 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)配置 -->
<value>classpath*:/application.properties</value>
<!-- 本地開發(fā)環(huán)境配置 -->
<value>classpath*:/application.local.properties</value>
<!-- 服務(wù)器生產(chǎn)環(huán)境配置 -->
<!-- <value>file:/var/myapp/application.server.properties</value> -->
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 使用annotation 自動(dòng)注冊(cè)bean,并保證@Required,@Autowired的屬性被注入 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.puretext" />
<!-- 數(shù)據(jù)源配置,使用應(yīng)用內(nèi)的DBCP數(shù)據(jù)庫連接池 -->
<bean id="dataSourceContent" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<!-- Connection Info -->
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.urlContent}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<!-- Connection Pooling Info -->
<property name="initialSize" value="5" />
<property name="maxActive" value="100" />
<property name="maxIdle" value="30" />
<property name="maxWait" value="1000" />
<property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true" />
<property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="false" />
</bean>
<bean id="dataSourceIndex" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<!-- Connection Info -->
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.urlIndex}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<!-- Connection Pooling Info -->
<property name="initialSize" value="5" />
<property name="maxActive" value="100" />
<property name="maxIdle" value="30" />
<property name="maxWait" value="1000" />
<property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true" />
<property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="false" />
</bean>
<!-- 數(shù)據(jù)源配置,使用應(yīng)用服務(wù)器的數(shù)據(jù)庫連接池 -->
<!--<jee:jndi-lookup id="dataSource" jndi-name="java:comp/env/jdbc/ExampleDB" />-->
<!-- Hibernate配置 -->
<bean id="sessionFactoryContent" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourceContent" />
<property name="namingStrategy">
<bean class="org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy" />
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider
</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.cache.provider_configuration_file_resource_path">${hibernate.ehcache_config_file}</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="packagesToScan" value="cn.puretext.entity.*" />
</bean>
<bean id="sessionFactoryIndex" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourceIndex" />
<property name="namingStrategy">
<bean class="org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy" />
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider
</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.cache.provider_configuration_file_resource_path">${hibernate.ehcache_config_file}</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="packagesToScan" value="cn.puretext.entity.*" />
</bean>
<!-- 事務(wù)管理器配置,單數(shù)據(jù)源事務(wù) -->
<bean id="transactionManagerContent" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactoryContent" />
</bean>
<bean id="transactionManagerIndex" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactoryIndex" />
</bean>
<!-- 事務(wù)管理器配置,多數(shù)據(jù)源JTA事務(wù)-->
<!--
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager or
WebLogicJtaTransactionManager" />
-->
<!-- 使用annotation定義事務(wù) -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManagerContent" />
</beans>
這個(gè)時(shí)候運(yùn)行還是會(huì)出錯(cuò),出錯(cuò)的原因?yàn)閛rg.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No bean named 'transactionManager' is defined,因?yàn)樵摮鲥e(cuò)信息很短,我也難以找出究竟是哪個(gè)地方需要名為“transactionManager”的事務(wù)管理器 ,改個(gè)名字都不行,看來Spring的自動(dòng)注入有時(shí)候也錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜害人不淺。不過,如果把上面的其中一個(gè)名字改成“transactionManger”,另外一個(gè)名字不改,運(yùn)行是成功的,如下:
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactoryContent" />
</bean>
<bean id="transactionManagerIndex" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactoryIndex" />
</bean>
這個(gè)時(shí)候得出結(jié)論是,可以配置多個(gè)TransactionManager,但是必須有一個(gè)的名字是transactionManager。
第四步、配置多個(gè)<tx:annotation-driven/>,如下:
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManagerIndex" />
運(yùn)行測(cè)試,天啦,竟然成功了。和我之前預(yù)料的完全不一樣,居然在一個(gè)配置文件中配置多個(gè)<tx:annotation-driven/>一點(diǎn)問題都沒有。那么在使用@Transactional的地方,它真的能夠選擇正確的事務(wù)管理器嗎?我不得不寫更多的代碼來進(jìn)行測(cè)試。那就針對(duì)索引數(shù)據(jù)庫中的表寫一個(gè)Entity,寫一個(gè)Dao測(cè)試一下吧。
代碼如下:
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import org.hibernate.annotations.Cache;
import org.hibernate.annotations.CacheConcurrencyStrategy;
import cn.puretext.entity.IdEntity;
@Entity
// 表名與類名不相同時(shí)重新定義表名.
@Table(name = "articles")
// 默認(rèn)的緩存策略.
@Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE)
public class ArticleIndex extends IdEntity {
private String subject;
private String webServer;
public String getSubject() {
return subject;
}
public void setSubject(String subject) {
this.subject = subject;
}
@Column(name = "webserver")
public String getWebServer() {
return webServer;
}
public void setWebServer(String webServer) {
this.webServer = webServer;
}
}



















import java.util.List;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import org.springside.modules.orm.Page;
import org.springside.modules.test.junit4.SpringTxTestCase;
import cn.puretext.dao.ArticleDao;
import cn.puretext.dao.ArticleIndexDao;
import cn.puretext.entity.web.Article;
import cn.puretext.entity.web.ArticleIndex;
import cn.puretext.service.ServiceException;
public class DaoTest extends SpringTxTestCase {
@Autowired
private ArticleDao articleDao;
@Autowired
private ArticleIndexDao articleIndexDao;
public void setArticleIndexDao(ArticleIndexDao articleIndexDao) {
this.articleIndexDao = articleIndexDao;
}
public void setArticleDao(ArticleDao articleDao) {
this.articleDao = articleDao;
}
@Override
@Resource(name = "dataSourceContent")
public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.setDataSource(dataSource);
}
@Test
@Transactional
public void addArticle() {
Article article = new Article();
article.setSubject("article test");
article.setContent("article test");
articleDao.save(article);
}
@Test
@Transactional
public void pageQuery() {
Page<Article> page = new Page<Article>();
page.setPageSize(10);
page.setPageNo(2);
page = articleDao.getAll(page);
List<Article> articles = page.getResult();
}
@Test
@Transactional
public void addIndex() {
ArticleIndex articleIndex = new ArticleIndex();
articleIndex.setSubject("test");
articleIndex.setWebServer("www001");
articleIndexDao.save(articleIndex);
}
@Test
@Transactional
public void addArticleAndAddIndex() {
addArticle();
addIndex();
throw new ServiceException("測(cè)試事務(wù)回滾");
}
}
運(yùn)行測(cè)試,結(jié)果還是成功的。到目前,發(fā)現(xiàn)在一個(gè)項(xiàng)目中使用多個(gè)TransactionManager可以正常運(yùn)行,但是有兩個(gè)問題需要考慮:
1、為什么必須得有一個(gè)TransactionManager名字為transactionManager?
2、這兩個(gè)TransactionManager真的能正常工作嗎?
3、OpenSessionInView的問題怎么解決?
以上的三個(gè)問題在單元測(cè)試中是不能找出答案的,我只好再去寫Action層的代碼,期望能夠從中得到線索。經(jīng)過一天艱苦的努力,終于真相大白:
1、并不是必須有一個(gè)TransactionManager的名字為transactionMananger,這只是單元測(cè)試在搞鬼,在真實(shí)的Web環(huán)境中,無論兩個(gè)TransactionManager取什么名字都可以,運(yùn)行不會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)。所以這個(gè)答案很明確,是因?yàn)閱卧獪y(cè)試的基類需要一個(gè)名為transactionMananger的事務(wù)管理器。
2、在單元測(cè)試中,只能測(cè)試Dao類和Entity類能否正常工作,但是由于單元測(cè)試結(jié)束后事務(wù)會(huì)自動(dòng)回滾,不會(huì)把數(shù)據(jù)寫入到數(shù)據(jù)庫中,所以沒有辦法確定兩個(gè)TransactionManager能否正常工作。在真實(shí)的Web環(huán)境中,問題很快就浮出水面,只有一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫中有數(shù)據(jù),另外一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫中沒有,經(jīng)過調(diào)整<tx:annotation-driven/>的位置并對(duì)比分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)只有放在前面的TransactionMananger的事務(wù)能夠正常提交,放在后面的TransactionManager的事務(wù)不能提交,所以永遠(yuǎn)只有一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫里面有數(shù)據(jù)。
3、如果早一點(diǎn)脫離單元測(cè)試而進(jìn)入真實(shí)的Web環(huán)境,就會(huì)早一點(diǎn)發(fā)現(xiàn)OpenSessionInViewFilter的問題,因?yàn)橹灰渲枚鄠€(gè)SessionFactory,運(yùn)行的時(shí)候OpenSessionInViewFilter就會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)。為了解決這個(gè)問題,我只能去閱讀OpenSessionInViewFilter的源代碼,發(fā)現(xiàn)它在將Session綁定到線程的時(shí)候用的是Map,而且使用SessionFactory作為Map的key,這就說明在線程中綁定多個(gè)Session不會(huì)沖突,也進(jìn)一步說明可以在web.xml中配置多個(gè)OpenSessionInViewFilter。而我也正是通過配置多個(gè)OpenSessionInViewFilter來解決問題的。我的web.xml文件如下:
<web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
<display-name>PureText</display-name>
<!-- Spring ApplicationContext配置文件的路徑,可使用通配符,多個(gè)路徑用,號(hào)分隔
此參數(shù)用于后面的Spring Context Loader -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:/applicationContext*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Character Encoding filter -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter>
<filter-name>hibernateOpenSessionInViewFilterContent</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springside.modules.orm.hibernate.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>excludeSuffixs</param-name>
<param-value>js,css,jpg,gif</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>sessionFactoryBeanName</param-name>
<param-value>sessionFactoryContent</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter>
<filter-name>hibernateOpenSessionInViewFilterIndex</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springside.modules.orm.hibernate.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>excludeSuffixs</param-name>
<param-value>js,css,jpg,gif</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>sessionFactoryBeanName</param-name>
<param-value>sessionFactoryIndex</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<!-- SpringSecurity filter-->
<filter>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
</filter>
<!-- Struts2 filter -->
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2Filter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>hibernateOpenSessionInViewFilterContent</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>hibernateOpenSessionInViewFilterIndex</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2Filter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--Spring的ApplicationContext 載入 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- Spring 刷新Introspector防止內(nèi)存泄露 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- session超時(shí)定義,單位為分鐘 -->
<session-config>
<session-timeout>20</session-timeout>
</session-config>
<!-- 出錯(cuò)頁面定義 -->
<error-page>
<exception-type>java.lang.Throwable</exception-type>
<location>/common/500.jsp</location>
</error-page>
<error-page>
<error-code>500</error-code>
<location>/common/500.jsp</location>
</error-page>
<error-page>
<error-code>404</error-code>
<location>/common/404.jsp</location>
</error-page>
<error-page>
<error-code>403</error-code>
<location>/common/403.jsp</location>
</error-page>
</web-app>
經(jīng)過上面的分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)使用多個(gè)TransactionManager是不可行的(這個(gè)時(shí)候我在想,也許不使用Annotation就可以使用多個(gè)TransactionMananger吧,畢竟Spring的AOP應(yīng)該是可以把不同的TransactionManager插入到不同的類和方法中,但是誰愿意走回頭路呢?畢竟都已經(jīng)是@Transactional的年代了),雖然運(yùn)行不會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò),但是只有一個(gè)TransactionManager的事務(wù)能夠正常提交。所以測(cè)試進(jìn)入下一步:
第五步、使用JTATransactionManager
簡(jiǎn)單地修改配置文件,使用JTATransactionManager做為事務(wù)管理器,配置文件我就不列出來了,運(yùn)行,結(jié)果抱錯(cuò),錯(cuò)誤信息如下:
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name '_filterChainProxy': Initialization of bean failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name '_filterChainList': Cannot create inner bean '(inner bean)' of type [org.springframework.security.config.OrderedFilterBeanDefinitionDecorator$OrderedFilterDecorator] while setting bean property 'filters' with key [10]; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name '(inner bean)': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'filterSecurityInterceptor' while setting constructor argument; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'filterSecurityInterceptor' defined in file [D:\Temp\1-PureText\WEB-INF\classes\applicationContext-security.xml]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'databaseDefinitionSource' while setting bean property 'objectDefinitionSource'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'databaseDefinitionSource': FactoryBean threw exception on object creation; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor#0': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'transactionManager' while setting bean property 'transactionManager'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'transactionManager' defined in file [D:\Temp\1-PureText\WEB-INF\classes\applicationContext.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: No JTA UserTransaction available - specify either 'userTransaction' or 'userTransactionName' or 'transactionManager' or 'transactionManagerName'
通過分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)其中最關(guān)鍵的一句是No JTA UserTransaction available,看來,我們只能進(jìn)入到第六步,使用GlassFish了。
第六步、將項(xiàng)目部署到GlassFish中
將項(xiàng)目簡(jiǎn)單地部署到GlassFish中之后,項(xiàng)目可以成功運(yùn)行,沒有報(bào)錯(cuò),說明JTA UserTransaction問題解決了,但是檢查數(shù)據(jù)庫卻發(fā)現(xiàn)依然沒有數(shù)據(jù),看來JTATransactionManager不僅要和應(yīng)用服務(wù)器配合使用,還要和JNDI數(shù)據(jù)源一起使用。將數(shù)據(jù)源的配置修改為JNDI后,問題解決。下面是我的配置文件:
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd"
default-lazy-init="true">
<description>Spring公共配置文件 </description>
<!-- 定義受環(huán)境影響易變的變量 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="systemPropertiesModeName" value="SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_MODE_OVERRIDE" />
<property name="ignoreResourceNotFound" value="true" />
<property name="locations">
<list>
<!-- 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)配置 -->
<value>classpath*:/application.properties</value>
<!-- 本地開發(fā)環(huán)境配置 -->
<value>classpath*:/application.local.properties</value>
<!-- 服務(wù)器生產(chǎn)環(huán)境配置 -->
<!-- <value>file:/var/myapp/application.server.properties</value> -->
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 使用annotation 自動(dòng)注冊(cè)bean,并保證@Required,@Autowired的屬性被注入 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.puretext" />
<!-- 數(shù)據(jù)源配置,使用應(yīng)用服務(wù)器的數(shù)據(jù)庫連接池 -->
<jee:jndi-lookup id="dataSourceContent" jndi-name="jdbc/dataSourceContent" />
<jee:jndi-lookup id="dataSourceIndex" jndi-name="jdbc/dataSourceIndex" />
<!-- Hibernate配置 -->
<bean id="sessionFactoryContent" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourceContent" />
<property name="namingStrategy">
<bean class="org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy" />
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider
</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.cache.provider_configuration_file_resource_path">${hibernate.ehcache_config_file}</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="packagesToScan" value="cn.puretext.entity.*" />
</bean>
<bean id="sessionFactoryIndex" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourceIndex" />
<property name="namingStrategy">
<bean class="org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy" />
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider
</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.cache.provider_configuration_file_resource_path">${hibernate.ehcache_config_file}</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="packagesToScan" value="cn.puretext.entity.*" />
</bean>
<!-- 事務(wù)管理器配置,單數(shù)據(jù)源事務(wù) -->
<!--
<bean id="transactionManagerContent" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactoryContent" />
</bean>
<bean id="transactionManagerIndex" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactoryIndex" />
</bean>
-->
<!-- 事務(wù)管理器配置,多數(shù)據(jù)源JTA事務(wù)-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager" />
<!-- 使用annotation定義事務(wù) -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
</beans>
最后,我得出的結(jié)論是:要想使用多個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫,就必須使用JTATransactionMananger,必須使用GlassFish等應(yīng)用服務(wù)器而不是Tomcat,必須使用JNDI來管理dataSource。
如果一定要使用Tomcat呢?
這確實(shí)是一個(gè)難題,但是并不代表著沒有解決辦法。經(jīng)過廣泛的Google一番之后,終于發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)好東東,那就是JOTM,它的全稱就是Java Open Transaction Mananger,它的作用就是可以單獨(dú)提供JTA事務(wù)管理的功能,不需要應(yīng)用服務(wù)器。JOTM的使用方法有兩種,一種就是把它配置到項(xiàng)目中,和Spring結(jié)合起來使用,另外一種就是把它配置到Tomcat中,這時(shí),Tomcat搖身一變就成了和GlassFish一樣的能夠提供JTA功能的服務(wù)器了。
JOTM的官方網(wǎng)站為http://jotm.ow2.org,這是它的新網(wǎng)站,舊網(wǎng)站為http://jotm.objectweb.org。
我選擇了把JOTM 2.0.11整合到Tomcat中的方法進(jìn)行了測(cè)試,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)還是不能夠正常運(yùn)行,我使用的是JOTM2.0.11,Tomcat 6.0.20,JKD 6 Update10??磥磉€得繼續(xù)折騰下去了。
另外一個(gè)開源的JTA事務(wù)管理器是Atomikos,它供了事務(wù)管理和連接池,不需要應(yīng)用服務(wù)器支持,其官方網(wǎng)站為http://www.atomikos.com/。有興趣的朋友可以試試。