??xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?>欧美经典影片视频网站,国产乱码精品一区二区三,欧美日韩一区二区三区在线电影http://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/category/22281.html心态决定行为，行ؓ军_习惯Q习惯决定命q? zh-cnWed, 09 May 2007 11:18:21 GMTWed, 09 May 2007 11:18:21 GMT60个h常用的JAVA资源|站http://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/archive/2007/05/08/116025.htmlymxymxTue, 08 May 2007 11:23:00 GMThttp://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/archive/2007/05/08/116025.htmlhttp://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/comments/116025.htmlhttp://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/archive/2007/05/08/116025.html#Feedback0http://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/comments/commentRss/116025.htmlhttp://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/services/trackbacks/116025.html个h常用的JAVA资源|站

一.JAVA电子?/p>

http://www.java-cn.com/book/　

优点Q书c量大，l常更新Q教育网下蝲速度快

不Q每天只能下??/p>

ymx 2007-05-08 19:23 发表评论
]]>华ؓ公司 java 面试?/title><link>http://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/archive/2006/05/19/47096.html</link><dc:creator>ymx</dc:creator><author>ymx</author><pubDate>Fri, 19 May 2006 10:10:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/archive/2006/05/19/47096.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/comments/47096.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/archive/2006/05/19/47096.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/comments/commentRss/47096.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/services/trackbacks/47096.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[ <div id="wmqeeuq" class="postTitle"><a ><img width="15" height="13" border="0" src="http://blog.csdn.net/images/zhuan.gif"/> 华ؓ公司 java 面试?/a> <script xml:space="preserve" type="text/javascript" language="javascript"> // ocument.title="华ؓ公司 java 面试?- "+document.title // </script></div> <div id="wmqeeuq" class="postText"> <p>W一部分Q选择?br/>QUESTION NO: 1<br/>1、public class Test {<br/>public static void changeStr(String str){<br/>str="welcome";<br/>}<br/>public static void main(String[] args) {<br/>String str="1234";<br/>changeStr(str);<br/>System.out.println(str);<br/>}<br/>}<br/>Please write the output result Q?/p> <p>QUESTION NO:2<br/>1. public class Test {<br/>2. static boolean foo(char c) {<br/>3. System.out.print(c);<br/>4. return true;<br/>5. }<br/>6. public static void main( String[] argv ) {<br/>7. int i =0;<br/>8. for ( foo('A'); foo('B')&&(i<2); foo('C')){<br/>9. i++ ;<br/>10. foo('D');<br/>12. }<br/>13. }<br/>14. }<br/>What is the result?<br/>A. ABDCBDCB<br/>B. ABCDABCD<br/>C. Compilation fails.<br/>D. An exception is thrown at runtime.</p> <p>QUESTION NO: 3<br/>1. class A {<br/>2. protected int method1(int a, int b) { return 0; }<br/>3. }<br/>Which two are valid in a class that extends class A? (Choose two)<br/>A. public int method1(int a, int b) { return 0; }<br/>B. private int method1(int a, int b) { return 0; }<br/>C. private int method1(int a, long b) { return 0; }<br/>D. public short method1(int a, int b) { return 0; }<br/>E. static protected int method1(int a, int b) { return 0; }</p> <p>QUESTION NO: 4<br/>1. public class Outer{<br/>2. public void someOuterMethod() {<br/>3. // Line 3<br/>4. }<br/>5. public class Inner{}<br/>6. public static void main( String[]argv ) {<br/>7. Outer o = new Outer();<br/>8. // Line 8<br/>9. }<br/>10. }<br/>Which instantiates an instance of Inner?<br/>A. new Inner(); // At line 3<br/>B. new Inner(); // At line 8<br/>C. new o.Inner(); // At line 8<br/>D. new Outer.Inner(); // At line 8//new Outer().new Inner()</p> <p>QUESTION NO: 5<br/>Which method is used by a servlet to place its session ID in a URL that is written to the servlet's response output stream?<br/>A. The encodeURL method of the HttpServletRequest interface.<br/>B. The encodeURL method of the HttpServletResponse interface.<br/>C. The rewriteURL method of the HttpServletRequest interface.<br/>D. The rewriteURL method of the HttpServletResponse interface.</p> <p>QUESTION NO: 6<br/>Which two are equivalent? (Choose two)<br/>A. <%= YoshiBean.size%><br/>B. <%= YoshiBean.getSize()%><br/>C. <%= YoshiBean.getProperty("size")%><br/>D. <jsp:getProperty id="YoshiBean" param="size"/><br/>E. <jsp:getProperty name="YoshiBean" param="size"/><br/>F. <jsp:getProperty id="YoshiBean" property="size"/><br/>G. <jsp:getProperty name="YoshiBean" property="size"/></p> <p>QUESTION NO: 7<br/>Which of the following statements regarding the lifecycle of a session bean are correct?<br/>1. java.lang.IllegalStateException is thrown if SessionContext.getEJBObject() is invoked when a stateful session bean instance is passivated.<br/>2. SessionContext.getRollbackOnly() does not throw an exception when a session bean with bean-managed transaction demarcation is activated.<br/>3. An exception is not thrown when SessionContext.getUserTransaction() is called in the afterBegin method of a bean with container-managed transactions.<br/>4. JNDI access to java:comp/env is permitted in all the SessionSynchronization methods of a stateful session bean with container-managed transaction demarcation.<br/>5. Accessing resource managers in the SessionSynchronization.afterBegin method of a stateful session bean with bean-managed transaction does not throw an exception.</p> <p><br/>W二部分Q概念题<br/>1Q?描述Struts体系l构Q对应各个部分的开发工作主要包括哪些？</p> <br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><p>2Q?XML包括哪些解释技术，区别是什么？</p> <br/><br/><p><br/>3Q?JSP有哪些内|对象和动作Q它们的作用分别是什么？</p> <br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><p><br/>4、SQL问答?br/>SELECT * FROM TABLE<br/>?br/>SELECT * FROM TABLE<br/>WHERE NAME LIKE '%%' AND ADDR LIKE '%%'<br/>AND (1_ADDR LIKE '%%' OR 2_ADDR LIKE '%%'<br/>OR 3_ADDR LIKE '%%' OR 4_ADDR LIKE '%%' )<br/>的检索结果ؓ何不同？</p> <br/><p>5、SQL问答?br/>表结构：<br/>1?表名Qg_cardapply<br/>字段(字段?cd/长度)Q?br/>g_applyno varchar 8Q?/甌单号Q关键字Q?br/>g_applydate bigint 8Q?/甌日期<br/>g_state varchar 2Q?/甌状?br/>2?表名Qg_cardapplydetail<br/>字段(字段?cd/长度)Q?br/>g_applyno varchar 8Q?/甌单号Q关键字Q?br/>g_name varchar 30Q?/甌人姓?br/>g_idcard varchar 18Q?/甌n份证?br/>g_state varchar 2Q?/甌状?br/>其中Q两个表的关联字Dؓ甌单号?br/>题目Q?br/>1?查询w䆾证号码ؓ440401430103082的申h?br/>2?查询同一个n份证L有两条以上记录的w䆾证号码及记录个数<br/>3?n份证L?40401430103082的记录在两个表中的申L态均改ؓ07<br/>4?删除g_cardapplydetail表中所有姓李的记录</p> </div> <img src ="http://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/aggbug/47096.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/" target="_blank">ymx</a> 2006-05-19 18:10 <a href="http://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/archive/2006/05/19/47096.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>使用Log4jq行日志操作http://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/archive/2006/04/05/39351.htmlymxymxWed, 05 Apr 2006 04:38:00 GMThttp://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/archive/2006/04/05/39351.htmlhttp://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/comments/39351.htmlhttp://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/archive/2006/04/05/39351.html#Feedback0http://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/comments/commentRss/39351.htmlhttp://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/services/trackbacks/39351.html1. 概述

1.1. 背景

在应用程序中d日志记录ȝ来说Z三个目的Q监视代码中变量的变化情况，周期性的记录到文件中供其他应用进行统计分析工作；跟踪代码q行时轨q，作ؓ日后审计的依据；担当集成开发环境中的调试器的作用，向文件或控制台打C码的调试信息?/p>

最普通的做法是在代码中嵌入许多的打印语句，q些打印语句可以输出到控制台或文件中Q比较好的做法就是构造一个日志操作类来封装此cL作，而不是让一pd的打印语句充斥了代码的主体?/p>

1.2. Log4j?/span>

在强调可重用lg开发的今天Q除了自׃头到ּ发一个可重用的日志操作类外，Apache为我们提供了一个强有力的日志操作包-Log4j?/p>

Log4j是Apache的一个开放源代码目Q通过使用Log4jQ我们可以控制日志信息输送的目的地是控制台、文件、GUIlg、甚x套接口服务器、NT的事件记录器、UNIX Syslog守护q程{；我们也可以控制每一条日志的输出格式Q通过定义每一条日志信息的U别Q我们能够更加细致地控制日志的生成过E。最令h感兴的是Q这些可以通过一个配|文件来灉|地进行配|，而不需要修改应用的代码?/p>

此外Q通过Log4j其他语言接口Q您可以在C、C++?Net、PL/SQLE序中用Log4jQ其语法和用法与在JavaE序中一P使得多语a分布式系l得C个统一一致的日志lg模块。而且Q通过使用各种W三Ҏ展，您可以很方便地将Log4j集成到J2EE、JINI甚至是SNMP应用中?/p>

本文介绍的Log4j版本?.2.3。作者试N过一个简单的客户/服务器JavaE序例子Ҏ使用与不使用Log4j 1.2.3的差别，q详l讲解了在实践中最怋用Log4j的方法和步骤。在可重用组件开发的今天Q相信Log4j会l广大的设计开发h员带来方ѝ加入到Log4j的队伍来吧！

2. 一个简单的例子

我们先来看一个简单的例子Q它是一个用Java实现的客?服务器网l程序。刚开始我们不使用Log4jQ而是使用了一pd的打印语句，然后我们用Log4j来实现它的日志功能。这P大家可以清楚地比较出前后两个代码的差别?/p>

2.1. 不用Log4j

2.1.1. 客户E序

package log4j ;

import java.io.* ;
import java.net.* ;

/**
 *
 * <p> Client Without Log4j </p>
 * <p> Description: a sample with log4j</p>
 * @version 1.0
 */
public class ClientWithoutLog4j {

    /**
     *
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main ( String args [] ) {

        String welcome = null;
        String response = null;
        BufferedReader reader = null;
        PrintWriter writer = null;
        InputStream in = null;
        OutputStream out = null;
        Socket client = null;

        try {
            client = new Socket ( "localhost", 8001 ) ;
            System.out.println ( "info: Client socket: " + client ) ;
            in = client.getInputStream () ;
            out = client.getOutputStream () ;
        } catch ( IOException e ) {
            System.out.println ( "error: IOException : " + e ) ;
            System.exit ( 0 ) ;
        }

        try{
            reader = new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader ( in ) ) ;
            writer = new PrintWriter ( new OutputStreamWriter ( out ), true ) ;

            welcome = reader.readLine () ;
            System.out.println ( "debug: Server says: '" + welcome + "'" ) ;

            System.out.println ( "debug: HELLO" ) ;
            writer.println ( "HELLO" ) ;
            response = reader.readLine () ;
            System.out.println ( "debug: Server responds: '" + response + "'") ;

            System.out.println ( "debug: HELP" ) ;
            writer.println ( "HELP" ) ;
            response = reader.readLine () ;
            System.out.println ( "debug: Server responds: '" + response + "'" ) ;

            System.out.println ( "debug: QUIT" ) ;
            writer.println ( "QUIT" ) ;
        } catch ( IOException e ) {
            System.out.println ( "warn: IOException in client.in.readln()" ) ;
            System.out.println ( e ) ;
        }
        try{
            Thread.sleep ( 2000 ) ;
        } catch ( Exception ignored ) {}
    }
}

2.1.2. 服务器程?/strong>

package log4j ;

import java.util.* ;
import java.io.* ;
import java.net.* ;

/**
 *
 * <p> Server Without Log4j </p>
 * <p> Description: a sample with log4j</p>
 * @version 1.0
 */
public class ServerWithoutLog4j {

    final static int SERVER_PORT = 8001 ; // this server's port

    /**
     *
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main ( String args [] ) {
        String clientRequest = null;
        BufferedReader reader = null;
        PrintWriter writer = null;
        ServerSocket server = null;
        Socket socket = null;
        InputStream in = null;
        OutputStream out = null;

        try {
            server = new ServerSocket ( SERVER_PORT ) ;
            System.out.println ( "info: ServerSocket before accept: " + server ) ;
            System.out.println ( "info: Java server without log4j, on-line!" ) ;

            // wait for client's connection
            socket = server.accept () ;
            System.out.println ( "info: ServerSocket after accept: " + server )  ;

            in = socket.getInputStream () ;
            out = socket.getOutputStream () ;

        } catch ( IOException e ) {
            System.out.println( "error: Server constructor IOException: " + e ) ;
            System.exit ( 0 ) ;
        }
        reader = new BufferedReader ( new InputStreamReader ( in ) ) ;
        writer = new PrintWriter ( new OutputStreamWriter ( out ) , true ) ;

        // send welcome string to client
        writer.println ( "Java server without log4j, " + new Date () ) ;

        while ( true ) {
            try {
                // read from client
                clientRequest = reader.readLine () ;
                System.out.println ( "debug: Client says: " + clientRequest ) ;
                if ( clientRequest.startsWith ( "HELP" ) ) {
                    System.out.println ( "debug: OK!" ) ;
                    writer.println ( "Vocabulary: HELP QUIT" ) ;
                }
                else {
                    if ( clientRequest.startsWith ( "QUIT" ) ) {
                        System.out.println ( "debug: OK!" ) ;
                        System.exit ( 0 ) ;
                    }
                    else{
                        System.out.println ( "warn: Command '" + 
      clientRequest + "' not understood." ) ;
                        writer.println ( "Command '" + clientRequest 
      + "' not understood." ) ;
                    }
                }
            } catch ( IOException e ) {
                System.out.println ( "error: IOException in Server " + e ) ;
                System.exit ( 0 ) ;
            }
        }
    }
}

2.2. q移到Log4j

2.2.1. 客户E序

package log4j ;

import java.io.* ;
import java.net.* ;

// add for log4j: import some package
import org.apache.log4j.PropertyConfigurator ;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger ;
import org.apache.log4j.Level ;

/**
 *
 * <p> Client With Log4j </p>
 * <p> Description: a sample with log4j</p>
 * @version 1.0
 */
public class ClientWithLog4j {

    /*
    add for log4j: class Logger is the central class in the log4j package.
    we can do most logging operations by Logger except configuration.
    getLogger(...): retrieve a logger by name, if not then create for it.
    */
    static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger 
 ( ClientWithLog4j.class.getName () ) ;

    /**
     *
     * @param args : configuration file name
     */
    public static void main ( String args [] ) {

        String welcome = null ;
        String response = null ;
        BufferedReader reader = null ;
        PrintWriter writer = null ;
        InputStream in = null ;
        OutputStream out = null ;
        Socket client = null ;

        /*
        add for log4j: class BasicConfigurator can quickly configure the package.
        print the information to console.
        */
        PropertyConfigurator.configure ( "ClientWithLog4j.properties" ) ;

        // add for log4j: set the level
//        logger.setLevel ( ( Level ) Level.DEBUG ) ;

        try{
            client = new Socket( "localhost" , 8001 ) ;

            // add for log4j: log a message with the info level
            logger.info ( "Client socket: " + client ) ;

            in = client.getInputStream () ;
            out = client.getOutputStream () ;
        } catch ( IOException e ) {

            // add for log4j: log a message with the error level
            logger.error ( "IOException : " + e ) ;

            System.exit ( 0 ) ;
        }

        try{
            reader = new BufferedReader ( new InputStreamReader ( in ) ) ;
            writer = new PrintWriter ( new OutputStreamWriter ( out ), true ) ;

            welcome = reader.readLine () ;

            // add for log4j: log a message with the debug level
            logger.debug ( "Server says: '" + welcome + "'" ) ;

            // add for log4j: log a message with the debug level
            logger.debug ( "HELLO" ) ;

            writer.println ( "HELLO" ) ;
            response = reader.readLine () ;

            // add for log4j: log a message with the debug level
            logger.debug ( "Server responds: '" + response + "'" ) ;

            // add for log4j: log a message with the debug level
            logger.debug ( "HELP" ) ;

            writer.println ( "HELP" ) ;
            response = reader.readLine () ;

            // add for log4j: log a message with the debug level
            logger.debug ( "Server responds: '" + response + "'") ;

            // add for log4j: log a message with the debug level
            logger.debug ( "QUIT" ) ;

            writer.println ( "QUIT" ) ;
        } catch ( IOException e ) {

            // add for log4j: log a message with the warn level
            logger.warn ( "IOException in client.in.readln()" ) ;

            System.out.println ( e ) ;
        }
        try {
            Thread.sleep ( 2000 ) ;
        } catch ( Exception ignored ) {}
    }
}

2.2.2. 服务器程?/strong>

package log4j;

import java.util.* ;
import java.io.* ;
import java.net.* ;

// add for log4j: import some package
import org.apache.log4j.PropertyConfigurator ;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger ;
import org.apache.log4j.Level ;

/**
 *
 * <p> Server With Log4j </p>
 * <p> Description: a sample with log4j</p>
 * @version 1.0
 */
public class ServerWithLog4j {

    final static int SERVER_PORT = 8001 ; // this server's port

    /*
    add for log4j: class Logger is the central class in the log4j package.
    we can do most logging operations by Logger except configuration.
    getLogger(...): retrieve a logger by name, if not then create for it.
    */
    static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger 
 ( ServerWithLog4j.class.getName () ) ;

    /**
     *
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main ( String args[]) {
        String clientRequest = null ;
        BufferedReader reader = null ;
        PrintWriter writer = null ;
        ServerSocket server = null ;
        Socket socket = null ;

        InputStream in = null ;
        OutputStream out = null ;

        /*
        add for log4j: class BasicConfigurator can quickly configure the package.
        print the information to console.
        */
        PropertyConfigurator.configure ( "ServerWithLog4j.properties" ) ;

        // add for log4j: set the level
//        logger.setLevel ( ( Level ) Level.DEBUG ) ;

        try{
            server = new ServerSocket ( SERVER_PORT ) ;

            // add for log4j: log a message with the info level
            logger.info ( "ServerSocket before accept: " + server ) ;

            // add for log4j: log a message with the info level
            logger.info ( "Java server with log4j, on-line!" ) ;

            // wait for client's connection
            socket = server.accept() ;

            // add for log4j: log a message with the info level
            logger.info ( "ServerSocket after accept: " + server ) ;

            in = socket.getInputStream() ;
            out = socket.getOutputStream() ;

        } catch ( IOException e ) {

            // add for log4j: log a message with the error level
            logger.error ( "Server constructor IOException: " + e ) ;
            System.exit ( 0 ) ;
        }
        reader = new BufferedReader ( new InputStreamReader ( in ) ) ;
        writer = new PrintWriter ( new OutputStreamWriter ( out ), true ) ;

        // send welcome string to client
        writer.println ( "Java server with log4j, " + new Date () ) ;

        while ( true ) {
            try {
                // read from client
                clientRequest = reader.readLine () ;

                // add for log4j: log a message with the debug level
                logger.debug ( "Client says: " + clientRequest ) ;

                if ( clientRequest.startsWith ( "HELP" ) ) {

                    // add for log4j: log a message with the debug level
                    logger.debug ( "OK!" ) ;

                    writer.println ( "Vocabulary: HELP QUIT" ) ;
                }
                else {
                    if ( clientRequest.startsWith ( "QUIT" ) ) {

                        // add for log4j: log a message with the debug level
                        logger.debug ( "OK!" ) ;

                        System.exit ( 0 ) ;
                    }
                    else {

                        // add for log4j: log a message with the warn level
                        logger.warn ( "Command '" 
      + clientRequest + "' not understood." ) ;

                        writer.println ( "Command '"
      + clientRequest + "' not understood." ) ;
                    }
                }
            } catch ( IOException e ) {

                // add for log4j: log a message with the error level
                logger.error( "IOException in Server " + e ) ;

                System.exit ( 0 ) ;
            }
        }
    }
}

2.2.3. 配置文g

2.2.3.1. 客户E序配置文g

log4j.rootLogger=INFO, A1

log4j.appender.A1=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender

log4j.appender.A1.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout

log4j.appender.A1.layout.ConversionPattern=%-4r %-5p [%t] %37c %3x - %m%n

2.2.3.2. 服务器程序配|文?/p> 

log4j.rootLogger=INFO, A1

log4j.appender.A1=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender

log4j.appender.A1.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout

log4j.appender.A1.layout.ConversionPattern=%-4r %-5p [%t] %37c %3x - %m%n

2.3. 比较

比较q两个应用可以看出，采用Log4jq行日志操作的整个过E相当简单明了，与直接用System.out.println语句q行日志信息输出的方式相比，基本上没有增加代码量Q同时能够清楚地理解每一条日志信息的重要E度。通过控制配置文gQ我们还可以灉|CҎ志信息的格式Q输出目的地{等斚wQ而单U依靠System.out.println语句Q显焉要做更多的工作?/p>

下面我们以前面使用Log4j的应用作Z子，详细讲解使用Log4j的主要步骤?/p>

3. Log4j基本使用Ҏ

Log4j׃个重要的lg构成Q日志信息的优先U，日志信息的输出目的地Q日志信息的输出格式。日志信息的优先U从高到低有ERROR、WARN、INFO、DEBUGQ分别用来指定这条日志信息的重要E度Q日志信息的输出目的地指定了日志打印到控制台还是文件中Q而输出格式则控制了日志信息的昄内容?/p>

3.1.定义配置文g

其实您也可以完全不用配|文Ӟ而是在代码中配置Log4j环境。但是，使用配置文g您的应用E序更加灉|?/p>

Log4j支持两种配置文g格式Q一U是XML格式的文Ӟ一U是JavaҎ文Ӟ?|。下面我们介l用JavaҎ文件做为配|文件的ҎQ?/p>

  1. 配置根LoggerQ其语法为：
    log4j.rootLogger = [ level ] , appenderName, appenderName, ?
    其中Qlevel 是日志记录的优先U，分ؓOFF、FATAL、ERROR、WARN、INFO、DEBUG、ALL或者您定义的别。Log4j只用四个别，优先U从高到低分别是ERROR、WARN、INFO、DEBUG。通过在这里定义的U别Q您可以控制到应用程序中相应U别的日志信息的开兟뀂比如在q里定义了INFOU别Q则应用E序中所有DEBUGU别的日志信息将不被打印出来?br/>appenderName是指定日志信息输出到哪个地斏V您可以同时指定多个输出目的地?br/>
  2. 配置日志信息输出目的地AppenderQ其语法?br/>
    log4j.appender.appenderName = fully.qualified.name.of.appender.class
log4j.appender.appenderName.option1 = value1
?log4j.appender.appenderName.option = valueN
    其中QLog4j提供的appender有以下几U：
    org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppenderQ控制台Q，
    org.apache.log4j.FileAppenderQ文ӞQ?br/>org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppenderQ每天生一个日志文ӞQorg.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppenderQ文件大到达指定尺寸的时候生一个新的文ӞQ?br/>org.apache.log4j.WriterAppenderQ将日志信息以流格式发送到L指定的地方）
  3. 配置日志信息的格式（布局Q，其语法ؓQ?br/>
    log4j.appender.appenderName.layout = fully.qualified.name.of.layout.class
log4j.appender.appenderName.layout.option1 = value1
?log4j.appender.appenderName.layout.option = valueN
    其中QLog4j提供的layout有以下几U：
    org.apache.log4j.HTMLLayoutQ以HTML表格形式布局Q，
    org.apache.log4j.PatternLayoutQ可以灵zd指定布局模式Q，
    org.apache.log4j.SimpleLayoutQ包含日志信息的U别和信息字W串Q，
    org.apache.log4j.TTCCLayoutQ包含日志生的旉、线E、类别等{信息）

3.2.在代码中使用Log4j

下面讲q在E序代码中怎样使用Log4j?/p>

3.2.1.得到记录?/strong>

使用Log4jQ第一步就是获取日志记录器Q这个记录器负责控制日志信息。其语法为：

public static Logger getLogger( String name)Q?
通过指定的名字获得记录器Q如果必要的话，则ؓq个名字创徏一个新的记录器。Name一般取本类的名字，比如Q?br/>
static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger ( ServerWithLog4j.class.getName () ) ;

3.2.2.d配置文g

当获得了日志记录器之后，W二步将配置Log4j环境Q其语法为：
BasicConfigurator.configure ()Q?自动快速地使用~省Log4j环境?br/>PropertyConfigurator.configure ( String configFilename) Q读取用Java的特性文件编写的配置文g?br/>DOMConfigurator.configure ( String filename ) Q读取XML形式的配|文件?/p>

3.2.3.插入记录信息Q格式化日志信息Q?/strong>

当上两个必要步骤执行完毕Q您可以轻村֜使用不同优先U别的日志记录语句插入到您想记录日志的Q何地方，其语法如下：

Logger.debug ( Object message ) ;
Logger.info ( Object message ) ;
Logger.warn ( Object message ) ;
Logger.error ( Object message ) ;

4. 参考资?/span>

如果您想更深入地了解Log4jQ请l常讉K下面提及的相关链接?br/>Log4j目主页------------------------------------------------------http://www.log4j.org/
Log4j FAQ -------------------------------------------------------http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/java/l-log4j/www.log4j.org/log4j/faq.html



ymx 2006-04-05 12:38 发表评论
]]>ANT学习指南http://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/archive/2006/04/05/39336.htmlymxymxWed, 05 Apr 2006 04:14:00 GMThttp://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/archive/2006/04/05/39336.htmlhttp://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/comments/39336.htmlhttp://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/archive/2006/04/05/39336.html#Feedback0http://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/comments/commentRss/39336.htmlhttp://www.aygfsteel.com/yaominxi/services/trackbacks/39336.html

内容摘要Q?/span>

ANT是一个基于Java的自动化脚本引擎Q脚本格式ؓXML。除了做Java~译相关d外，ANTq可以通过插g实现很多应用的调用?1)ANT的基本概念：
2)ANT的安装：解包Q设|\?br/>3)ANT的用：最好的学习只不q是一个简单实用的例子h…?/span>

作者： 车东 http://www.chedong.com/tech/default.html

ANT的基本概念：Java的Makefile

当一个代码项目大了以后，每次重新~译Q打包，试{都会变得非常复杂而且重复Q因此c语言中有make脚本来帮助这些工作的扚w完成。在Java中应用是q_无关性的Q当然不会用q_相关的make脚本来完成这些批处理d了，ANT本n是q样一个流E脚本引擎，用于自动化调用程序完成项目的~译Q打包，试{。除了基于JAVA是^台无关的外，脚本的格式是ZXML的，比make脚本来说q要好维护一些?br/>

每个ant脚本Q缺省叫build.xmlQ中讄了一pdd(target)Q比如对于一个一般的目可能需要有以下d?/span>

  • d1Qusage 打印本脚本的帮助信息Q缺省）
  • d2Qclean <-- init 清空初始化环?/span>
  • d3Qjavadoc <-- build <-- init 生成JAVADOC
  • d4Qjar <-- build <-- init 生成JAR
  • d5Qall <-- jar + javadoc <-- build <-- init 完成以上所有Q务：jar javadoc
而多个Q务之间往往又包含了一定了依赖关系Q比如把整个应用打包d(jar)的这个依赖于~译d(build)Q而编译Q务又依赖于整个环境初始化d(init){?br/>
注：我看到很多项目的ant脚本中的命名基本上都是一致的Q比如：~译一般叫build或者compileQ打包一般叫jar或warQ生成文一般命名ؓjavadoc或javadocsQ执行全部Q务all。在每个d的中QANT会根据配|调用一些外部应用ƈ配以相应参数执行。虽然ANT可调用的外部应用U类非常丰富Q但其实最常用的就2Q?个：比如javac javadoc jar{?/span>

ANT的安?/span>

解包后在pȝ可执行\径中加入指向ant的bin的\径就可以了，比如可以在GNU/Linux上把以下配置加入/etc/profile中：
export ANT_HOME=/home/ant
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/j2sdk1.4.1
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$ANT_HOME/bin

q样执行ant 后，如果不指定配|文件ant会缺省找build.xmlq个配置文gQƈҎ配置文g执行dQ缺省的d讄可以指向最常用的Q务，比如QbuildQ或指向打印帮助信息QusageQ告诉用h那些脚本选项可以使用?br/>

ANT的?/span>

最好的学习q程是看懂那些open source目中的build.xml脚本Q然后根据自q需要简化成一个更单的QANT和APACHE上很多非常工E派的项目：单易用，而且适应性非常强Q因些项目的建立往往来源于开发h员日常最直接的需求?br/>以下是的一?a >WebLucene应用的例子：修改?a >JDOM的build.xmlQ?br/>
<project default="usage" basedir=".">

<!-- =================================================================== -->
<!-- Initialization target -->
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<target name="init">
<tstamp/>
<property file="${basedir}/build.properties" />
<property name="Name" value="ProjectFullName"/>
<property name="name" value="project_name"/>
<property name="version" value="0.2"/>
<property name="year" value="2003"/>

<echo message="----------- ${Name} ${version} [${year}] ------------"/>

<property name="debug" value="off"/>
<property name="optimize" value="on"/>
<property name="deprecation" value="on"/>

<property name="src.dir" value="./src/WEB-INF/src"/>
<property name="lib.dir" value="./src/WEB-INF/lib"/>
<property name="packages" value="com.chedong.*,org.apache.lucene.*"/>

<property name="build.src" value="./src/WEB-INF/build"/>
<property name="build.dest" value="./src/WEB-INF/classes"/>
<property name="build.javadocs" value="./src/doc"/>

<path id="classpath">
<pathelement path="${jsdk_jar}"/>
<fileset dir="${lib.dir}">
<include name="**/*.jar"/>
</fileset>
</path>

<filter token="year" value="${year}"/>
<filter token="version" value="${version}"/>
<filter token="date" value="${TODAY}"/>
<filter token="log" value="true"/>
<filter token="verbose" value="true"/>
</target>

<!-- =================================================================== -->
<!-- Help on usage -->
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<target name="usage" depends="init">
<echo message="${Name} Build file"/>
<echo message="-------------------------------------------------------------"/>
<echo message=""/>
<echo message=" available targets are:"/>
<echo message=""/>
<echo message=" jar --> generates the ${name}.jar file"/>
<echo message=" build --> compiles the source code"/>
<echo message=" javadoc --> generates the API documentation"/>
<echo message=" clean --> cleans up the directory"/>
<echo message=""/>
<echo message=" Please rename build.properties.default to build.properties"/>
<echo message=" and edit build.properties to specify JSDK 2.3 classpath."/>
<echo message=""/>
<echo message=" See the comments inside the build.xml file for more details."/>
<echo message="-------------------------------------------------------------"/>
<echo message=""/>
<echo message=""/>
</target>

<!-- =================================================================== -->
<!-- Prepares the source code -->
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<target name="prepare-src" depends="init">
<!-- create directories -->
<mkdir dir="${build.src}"/>
<mkdir dir="${build.dest}"/>

<!-- copy src files -->
<copy todir="${build.src}">
<fileset dir="${src.dir}"/>
</copy>
</target>

<!-- =================================================================== -->
<!-- Compiles the source directory -->
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<target name="build" depends="prepare-src">
<javac srcdir="${build.src}"
destdir="${build.dest}"
debug="${debug}"
optimize="${optimize}">
<classpath refid="classpath"/>
</javac>
</target>

<!-- =================================================================== -->
<!-- Creates the class package -->
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<target name="jar" depends="build">
<jar jarfile="${lib.dir}/${name}.jar"
basedir="${build.dest}"
includes="**"/>
</target>

<!-- =================================================================== -->
<!-- Creates the API documentation -->
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<target name="javadoc" depends="build">
<mkdir dir="${build.javadocs}"/>
<javadoc packagenames="${packages}"
sourcepath="${build.src}"
destdir="${build.javadocs}"
author="true"
version="true"
use="true"
splitindex="true"
windowtitle="${Name} API"
doctitle="${Name}">
<classpath refid="classpath"/>
</javadoc>
</target>

<!-- =================================================================== -->
<!-- Clean targets -->
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<target name="clean" depends="init">
<delete dir="${build.src}"/>
<delete dir="${build.dest}/org"/>
<delete dir="${build.dest}/com"/>
<delete>
<fileset dir="${build.dest}" includes="**/*.class"/>
</delete>
</target>
</project>
<!-- End of file -->



~省dQusage 打印帮助文Q告诉有那些d选项Q可用的有build, jar, javadoc和clean.

初始化环境变量：init
所有Q务都Z一些基本环境变量的讄初始化完成，是后l其他Q务的基础Q在环境初始化过E中Q有2Ҏ较可以方便设|：

1 除了使用却缺省的property讄了JAVA源\径和输出路径外，引用了一个外部的build.properties文g中的讄Q?br/><property file="${basedir}/build.properties" />
q样大部分简单配|用户只要会看懂build.properties可以了Q毕竟XML比vkey value的属性文件还是要可读性差一些。用build.properties也可以方便其他用户从~译的细节中解放出来?br/>
2 CLASSPATH讄Q用了其中的：

<path id="classpath">
<pathelement path="${jsdk_jar}"/>
<fileset dir="${lib.dir}">
<include name="**/*.jar"/>
</fileset>
</path>

则相当于讄了：CLASSPATH=/path/to/resin/lib/jsdk23.jar;/path/to/project/lib/*.jar;

文g复制Qprepare-src
创徏临时SRC存放目录和输出目录?/span>

<!-- =================================================================== -->
<!-- Prepares the source code -->
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<target name="prepare-src" depends="init">
<!-- create directories -->
<mkdir dir="${build.src}"/>
<mkdir dir="${build.dest}"/>

<!-- copy src files -->
<copy todir="${build.src}">
<fileset dir="${src.dir}"/>
</copy>
</target>

~译dQbuild
~译时的CLASSPATH环境通过一下方式找到引用一个path对象

<classpath refid="classpath"/>

打包dQjar
对应用打包生成项目所写名?jar文g


<!-- =================================================================== -->
<!-- Creates the class package -->
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<target name="jar" depends="build">
<jar jarfile="${lib.dir}/${name}.jar"
basedir="${build.dest}"
includes="**"/>
</target>

生成JAVADOC文档d: javadoc
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<!-- Creates the API documentation -->
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<target name="javadoc" depends="build">
<mkdir dir="${build.javadocs}"/>
<javadoc packagenames="${packages}"
sourcepath="${build.src}"
destdir="${build.javadocs}"
author="true"
version="true"
use="true"
splitindex="true"
windowtitle="${Name} API"
doctitle="${Name}">
<classpath refid="classpath"/>
</javadoc>
</target>

清空临时~译文gQclean
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<!-- Clean targets -->
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<target name="clean" depends="init">
<delete dir="${build.src}"/>
<delete dir="${build.dest}/org"/>
<delete dir="${build.dest}/com"/>
<delete>
<fileset dir="${build.dest}" includes="**/*.class"/>
</delete>
</target>

TODOQ?br/>更多d/扩展Q（样例Q?br/>

  • 试dQJUnit试
  • 代码风格查Q务：CheckStyleQJalopy{?/span>
  • 邮g警报dQ可以把以上q些d的输告发送到制定的用户列表中Q这个Q务可以设|每天自动运行?/span>


ymx 2006-04-05 12:14 发表评论
]]> վ֩ģ壺 ʯ| ̨| | ʯ| | ӱʡ| ׿| | ɳ| | | ѧ| ض| | Ӻ| ī| | ̨| ֶ| | ͨ| Ͼ| ¡| | | | ƽ| ɽ| ƽ| ̨ǰ| | | β| | | | Ϻ| ݳ| | | Һ|