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It said that "The typedef keyword can be followed by an attribute before the data type. In its simplest form, the attribute can be that of an access level such as public, private, or protected." and provide a examples:
#include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; typedef struct Student; typedef class Country; typedef public short SmallNumber; typedef private unsigned int Positive; typedef protected double* PDouble; typedef public string FiveStrings[5]; typedef private double (*Addition)(double value1, double value2); struct Student { string FirstName; string LastName; }; typedef struct _Empl { string FullName; double HourlySalary; }Employee; class Country { string Name; string Capital; string Code; }; double Add(double x, double y) { double result = x + y; return result; } typedef enum EmplStatus { esFullTime, esPartTime, esContractor }; typedef Student *PStudent; typedef Country *PCountry; int main() { Student pupil; Country pais; EmplStatus emplst; PStudent ptrStd = new Student; PCountry pPais = new Country; return 0; }
Precedence | Operator | Description | Example | Associativity |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | () [] -> . :: ++ -- | Grouping operator Array access Member access from a pointer Member access from an object Scoping operator Post-increment Post-decrement | (a + b) / 4; array[4] = 2; ptr->age = 34; obj.age = 34; Class::age = 2; for( i = 0; i < 10; i++ ) ... for( i = 10; i > 0; i-- ) ... | left to right |
2 | ! ~ ++ -- - + * & (type) sizeof | Logical negation Bitwise complement Pre-increment Pre-decrement Unary minus Unary plus Dereference Address of Cast to a given type Return size in bytes | if( !done ) ... flags = ~flags; for( i = 0; i < 10; ++i ) ... for( i = 10; i > 0; --i ) ... int i = -1; int i = +1; data = *ptr; address = &obj; int i = (int) floatNum; int size = sizeof(floatNum); | right to left |
3 | ->* .* | Member pointer selector Member pointer selector | ptr->*var = 24; obj.*var = 24; | left to right |
4 | * / % | Multiplication Division Modulus | int i = 2 * 4; float f = 10 / 3; int rem = 4 % 3; | left to right |
5 | + - | Addition Subtraction | int i = 2 + 3; int i = 5 - 1; | left to right |
6 | << >> | Bitwise shift left Bitwise shift right | int flags = 33 << 1; int flags = 33 >> 1; | left to right |
7 | < <= > >= | Comparison less-than Comparison less-than-or-equal-to Comparison greater-than Comparison geater-than-or-equal-to | if( i < 42 ) ... if( i <= 42 ) ... if( i > 42 ) ... if( i >= 42 ) ... | left to right |
8 | == != | Comparison equal-to Comparison not-equal-to | if( i == 42 ) ... if( i != 42 ) ... | left to right |
9 | & | Bitwise AND | flags = flags & 42; | left to right |
10 | ^ | Bitwise exclusive OR | flags = flags ^ 42; | left to right |
11 | | | Bitwise inclusive (normal) OR | flags = flags | 42; | left to right |
12 | && | Logical AND | if( conditionA && conditionB ) ... | left to right |
13 | || | Logical OR | if( conditionA || conditionB ) ... | left to right |
14 | ? : | Ternary conditional (if-then-else) | int i = (a > b) ? a : b; | right to left |
15 | = += -= *= /= %= &= ^= |= <<= >>= | Assignment operator Increment and assign Decrement and assign Multiply and assign Divide and assign Modulo and assign Bitwise AND and assign Bitwise exclusive OR and assign Bitwise inclusive (normal) OR and assign Bitwise shift left and assign Bitwise shift right and assign | int a = b; a += 3; b -= 4; a *= 5; a /= 2; a %= 3; flags &= new_flags; flags ^= new_flags; flags |= new_flags; flags <<= 2; flags >>= 2; | right to left |
16 | , | Sequential evaluation operator | for( i = 0, j = 0; i < 10; i++, j++ ) ... | left to right |
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Tag libraries should be packed with their .tlds packed in their META-INF directory. JSP engines look through the JAR files in the /lib directory for TLDs and add the tags as necessary. Then when you are installing tag libraries, you only need to deliver one file - the JAR - no changes to the web.xml, no extra tlds hanging around.