深入淺出Java多線(xiàn)程(1)-方法 join
如何才能深入淺出呢,我的理解是帶著問(wèn)題,而不是泛泛的看。所以該系列基本以解決問(wèn)題為主,當(dāng)然我也非常希望讀者能夠提出更好的解決問(wèn)題的方案以及提出更多的問(wèn)題。由于水平有限,如果有什么錯(cuò)誤之處,請(qǐng)大家提出,共同討論,總之,我希望通過(guò)該系列我們能夠深入理解Java多線(xiàn)程來(lái)解決我們實(shí)際開(kāi)發(fā)的問(wèn)題。
作為開(kāi)發(fā)人員,我想沒(méi)有必要討論多線(xiàn)程的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí),比如什么是線(xiàn)程? 如何創(chuàng)建等 ,這些知識(shí)點(diǎn)是可以通過(guò)書(shū)本和Google獲得的。本系列主要是如何理深入解多線(xiàn)程來(lái)幫助我們平時(shí)的開(kāi)發(fā),比如線(xiàn)程池如何實(shí)現(xiàn)? 如何應(yīng)用鎖等。
(1)方法Join是干啥用的? 簡(jiǎn)單回答,同步,如何同步? 怎么實(shí)現(xiàn)的? 下面將逐個(gè)回答。
自從接觸Java多線(xiàn)程,一直對(duì)Join理解不了。JDK是這樣說(shuō)的:
public final void join(long millis)throws InterruptedException
Waits at most
millis
milliseconds for this thread to die. A
timeout of 0
means to wait forever.大家能理解嗎? 字面意思是等待一段時(shí)間直到這個(gè)線(xiàn)程死亡,我的疑問(wèn)是那個(gè)線(xiàn)程,是它本身的線(xiàn)程還是調(diào)用它的線(xiàn)程的,上代碼:
/**
*
* @author vma
*/
public class JoinTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Thread t = new Thread(new RunnableImpl());
t.start();
try {
t.join(1000);
System.out.println("joinFinish");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
class RunnableImpl implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
System.out.println("Begin sleep");
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println("End sleep");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Begin sleep
End sleep
joinFinish
明白了吧,當(dāng)main線(xiàn)程調(diào)用t.join時(shí),main線(xiàn)程等待t線(xiàn)程,等待時(shí)間是1000,如果t線(xiàn)程Sleep 2000呢
public void run() {
try {
System.out.println("Begin sleep");
// Thread.sleep(1000);
Thread.sleep(2000);
System.out.println("End sleep");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
結(jié)果是:
Begin sleep
joinFinish
End sleep
也就是說(shuō)main線(xiàn)程只等1000毫秒,不管T什么時(shí)候結(jié)束,如果是t.join()呢, 看代碼:
public final void join() throws InterruptedException {
join(0);
}
就是說(shuō)如果是t.join() = t.join(0) 0 JDK這樣說(shuō)的 A timeout of
0
means to wait forever 字面意思是永遠(yuǎn)等待,是這樣嗎?其實(shí)是等到t結(jié)束后。
這個(gè)是怎么實(shí)現(xiàn)的嗎? 看JDK代碼:
* Waits at most <code>millis</code> milliseconds for this thread to
* die. A timeout of <code>0</code> means to wait forever.
*
* @param millis the time to wait in milliseconds.
* @exception InterruptedException if any thread has interrupted
* the current thread. The <i>interrupted status</i> of the
* current thread is cleared when this exception is thrown.
*/
public final synchronized void join(long millis)
throws InterruptedException {
long base = System.currentTimeMillis();
long now = 0;
if (millis < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("timeout value is negative");
}
if (millis == 0) {
while (isAlive()) {
wait(0);
}
} else {
while (isAlive()) {
long delay = millis - now;
if (delay <= 0) {
break;
}
wait(delay);
now = System.currentTimeMillis() - base;
}
}
}
這就意味著main 線(xiàn)程調(diào)用t.join時(shí),必須能夠拿到線(xiàn)程t對(duì)象的鎖,如果拿不到它是無(wú)法wait的,剛開(kāi)的例子t.join(1000)不是說(shuō)明了main線(xiàn)程等待1秒,如果在它等待之前,其他線(xiàn)程獲取了t對(duì)象的鎖,它等待時(shí)間可不就是1毫秒了。上代碼介紹:
* To change this template, choose Tools | Templates
* and open the template in the editor.
*/
package concurrentstudy;
/**
*
* @author vma
*/
public class JoinTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Thread t = new Thread(new RunnableImpl());
new ThreadTest(t).start();
t.start();
try {
t.join();
System.out.println("joinFinish");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
class ThreadTest extends Thread {
Thread thread;
public ThreadTest(Thread thread) {
this.thread = thread;
}
@Override
public void run() {
holdThreadLock();
}
public void holdThreadLock() {
synchronized (thread) {
System.out.println("getObjectLock");
try {
Thread.sleep(9000);
} catch (InterruptedException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("ReleaseObjectLock");
}
}
}
class RunnableImpl implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
System.out.println("Begin sleep");
Thread.sleep(2000);
System.out.println("End sleep");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
main方法t.join(1000),等待一秒鐘,它必須等待ThreadTest 線(xiàn)程釋放t鎖后才能進(jìn)入wait方法中,它實(shí)際等待時(shí)間是9000+1000 MS
運(yùn)行結(jié)果是:
getObjectLock
Begin sleep
End sleep
ReleaseObjectLock
joinFinish
小結(jié):
本節(jié)主要深入淺出join及JDK中的實(shí)現(xiàn)。
在下一節(jié)中,我們將要討論SWing 中的事件方法線(xiàn)程來(lái)解決一個(gè)網(wǎng)友問(wèn)到的問(wèn)題:
如何控制Swing程序在單機(jī)只有一個(gè)實(shí)例,也就是不能運(yùn)行第二個(gè)Main方法。
posted on 2008-08-23 23:25 advincenting 閱讀(27500) 評(píng)論(13) 編輯 收藏