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          1.
          tomcat5
          jsp出現getOutputStream() has already been called for this response異常的原因和解決方法

          tomcat5jsp中出現此錯誤一般都是在jsp中使用了輸出流(如輸出圖片驗證碼,文件下載等),
          沒有妥善處理好的原因。
          具體的原因就是
          tomcatjsp編譯成servlet之后在函數_jspService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)的最后
          有一段這樣的代碼
          finally {
              if (_jspxFactory != null) _jspxFactory.releasePageContext(_jspx_page_context);
            }
          這里是在釋放在jsp中使用的對象,會調用response.getWriter(),因為這個方法是和
          response.getOutputStream()
          相沖突的!所以會出現以上這個異常。

          然后當然是要提出解決的辦法,其實挺簡單的(并不是和某些朋友說的那樣--
          jsp內的所有空格和回車符號所有都刪除掉),

          在使用完輸出流以后調用以下兩行代碼即可:
          out.clear();
          out = pageContext.pushBody();

          最后這里是一個輸出彩色驗證碼例子(這樣的例子幾乎隨處可見)
          imag.jsp

          <%@ page import="java.awt.*,java.awt.image.*,java.util.*,javax.imageio.*" %>
          <%@ page import="java.io.OutputStream" %>
          <%!
          Color getRandColor(int fc,int bc){
          Random random = new Random();
          if(fc>255) fc=255;
          if(bc>255) bc=255;
          int r=fc+random.nextInt(bc-fc);
          int g=fc+random.nextInt(bc-fc);
          int b=fc+random.nextInt(bc-fc);
          return new Color(r,g,b);
          }
          %>
          <%
          try{
          response.setHeader("Pragma","No-cache");
          response.setHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache");
          response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
          int width=60, height=20;
          BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
          OutputStream os=response.getOutputStream();
          Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
          Random random = new Random();
          g.setColor(getRandColor(200,250));
          g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);

          g.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman",Font.PLAIN,18));
          g.setColor(getRandColor(160,200));
          for (int i=0;i<155;i++)
          {
          int x = random.nextInt(width);
          int y = random.nextInt(height);
          int xl = random.nextInt(12);
          int yl = random.nextInt(12);
          g.drawLine(x,y,x+xl,y+yl);
          }
          String sRand="";
          for (int i=0;i<4;i++){
          String rand=String.valueOf(random.nextInt(10));
          sRand+=rand;
          g.setColor(new Color(20+random.nextInt(110),20+random.nextInt(110),20+random.nextInt(110)));
          g.drawString(rand,13*i+6,16);
          }
          session.setAttribute("rand",sRand);
          g.dispose();

          ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG",os);
          os.flush();
          os.close();
          os=null;
          response.flushBuffer();
          out.clear();
          out = pageContext.pushBody();
          }
          catch(IllegalStateException e)
          {
          System.out.println(e.getMessage());
          e.printStackTrace();
          }%>

          2
          getOutputStream() has already been called for this response
          問題的解決
          jsp向頁面輸出圖片的時候,使用response.getOutputStream()會有這樣的提示:java.lang.IllegalStateException:getOutputStream() has already been called for this response,會拋出Exception

          原因一:
          JSP
          默認的輸出流為PrintWriter ,<% %>以外的東西所默認的輸出方式,如果你嘗試在JSP中使用ServletOutputStream就會引起錯誤.要嘛直接改用Servlet輸出(復寫service方法),要嘛刪除除%><%中的任何東西(包括HTML標簽,空格,回車等東西)應該就可以。
          對于這樣的情況應該這樣來解決,刪除%><%之間的所有內容包括空格和換行符,最后也要消除空格和換行符,最好再加上一句response.reset()
          原因二:
           
          J2EEAPI參考里有這么個:

          ServletResponse
          getWriter()方法里會拋出這個異常,

          IllegalStateException - if the getOutputStream method has already been called
          for this response object

          而它的getOutputStream()方法里會拋出這個異常.

          IllegalStateException - if the getOutputStream method has already been called for this response object

          并且兩者的函數申明里都有這么樣的一句
          Either this method or getOutputStream() may be called to write the body, not both.
          Either this method or getWriter() may be called to write the body, not both.

          以上說明也解釋了為什么在往頁面中寫入圖片的時候要使用如下循環格式
          OutputStream output=response.getOutputStream();
          while((len=in.read(b)) >0)
          {
          output.write(b,0,len);

          }
          output.flush();
          而不是把response.getOutputStream().write()放到循環體內

          posted @ 2008-08-15 11:34 筱 筱 閱讀(690) | 評論 (0)編輯 收藏

          //document構造工廠,學過工廠模式的都知道
          DocumentBuilderFactory dbf=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
          //document構造器
          DocumentBuilder db=dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
          //StringReader用來將字符串轉化為流
          StringReader sr=new StringReader("str");
          InputSource is=new InputSource(sr);
          //轉換document
          Document doc=db.parse(is);
          posted @ 2008-08-14 17:54 筱 筱 閱讀(1985) | 評論 (0)編輯 收藏

                 我要抓取的頁面的完整路徑為:http://www.google.cn/language_tools?hl=zh-CN

                 String strServer=
          "www.google.cn";//這里同樣可以用ip來訪問:203.208.35.100

                 String strPage="/language_tools?hl=zh-CN";

                 try {

                     String hostname = strServer;

                     int port = 80;

                     InetAddress addr = InetAddress.getByName(hostname);

                     Socket socket = new Socket(addr, port);

                     BufferedWriter wr = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), "UTF8"));

                     wr.write("GET " + strPage + " HTTP/1.0"r"n");

                     wr.write("HOST:" + strServer + ""r"n");

                     wr.write(""r"n");

                     wr.flush();

                     BufferedReader rd = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));

                     String line;

                     while ((line = rd.readLine()) != null) {

                        System.out.println(line);

                     }

                     wr.close();

                     rd.close();

                 } catch (Exception e) {

                     System.out.println(e.toString());

                 }

          posted @ 2008-08-14 16:52 筱 筱 閱讀(412) | 評論 (0)編輯 收藏

             一、<c:forEarch>
                       

               <c:forEach items="${docList}"var="doc" varStatus="li">

                  <tr>

                     <td>

                        <a href="doc.action?URL=<%=URLEncoder.encode("ID="+((Map)pageContext.getAttribute("doc")).get("ID")) >">${doc.title }</a>

                     </td>

                  </tr>

               </c:forEach>

                      由此可見,forEarch中變量保存的范圍為pageContext

              二、<ww:iterator>
                       

                <ww:iterator value="#request['questions']" id="question" status="li">

                    <div class="layer_con">

                        <ul>

                            <li class="layer_p">

                                <a href="details.action?qstID=<%=((Question)request.getAttribute("question")).getID() %>"></a>

                            </li>

                        </ul>

                    </div>       

                </ww:iterator>

                      webwork是將變量保存在request中的
              三、struts的迭代變量保存在pageContext里
          posted @ 2008-08-13 15:57 筱 筱 閱讀(1566) | 評論 (0)編輯 收藏

          得到當前元素并改變背景色:
                   <script type="text/javascript"> 
                       function changeColor(src){
                        var obj=document.getElementsByTagName("td");
                        for (i=0;i<obj.length;i++ ) 
                       { 
                         obj[i].style.backgroundColor="white"; 
                       }

                      src.style.backgroundColor="red";
                       src.children.tags('a')[0].style.backgroundColor="cyan";
                       alert(src.parentElement.tagName);
                       }
                      </script>

                  <table>
                      <tr>
                          <td onclick="javascript:changeColor(this)"><a>aaa</a></td>
                          <td onclick="javascirpt:changeColor(this)"><a>bbb</a></td>
                          <td onclick="javascirpt:changeColor(this)"><a>ccc</a></td>
                      </tr>
                  </table>
              

          注:改變背景圖片
                  obj[i].style.background="url(http://localhost:8080/images/abcimg.gif)";
          posted @ 2008-08-04 11:15 筱 筱 閱讀(1746) | 評論 (0)編輯 收藏

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