ï»??xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?>欧美精品系列,亚洲精品97,懂色av色香蕉一区二区蜜桃http://www.aygfsteel.com/shaofan/category/7859.html关于JAVA与èÊY件工½E?/description>zh-cnTue, 27 Feb 2007 12:33:06 GMTTue, 27 Feb 2007 12:33:06 GMT60被遗忘的一¿Uæé«˜èÊY件质量的æ–ÒŽ(gu¨©)³• -- 契约式设è®?(Design by Contract)http://www.aygfsteel.com/shaofan/archive/2006/03/02/33103.htmlshaofanshaofanWed, 01 Mar 2006 16:55:00 GMThttp://www.aygfsteel.com/shaofan/archive/2006/03/02/33103.htmlhttp://www.aygfsteel.com/shaofan/comments/33103.htmlhttp://www.aygfsteel.com/shaofan/archive/2006/03/02/33103.html#Feedback4http://www.aygfsteel.com/shaofan/comments/commentRss/33103.htmlhttp://www.aygfsteel.com/shaofan/services/trackbacks/33103.html阅读全文

]]>关于需求变更的问题åQ?åQ?/title><link>http://www.aygfsteel.com/shaofan/archive/2006/02/26/32465.html</link><dc:creator>shaofan</dc:creator><author>shaofan</author><pubDate>Sat, 25 Feb 2006 23:22:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.aygfsteel.com/shaofan/archive/2006/02/26/32465.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.aygfsteel.com/shaofan/comments/32465.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.aygfsteel.com/shaofan/archive/2006/02/26/32465.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.aygfsteel.com/shaofan/comments/commentRss/32465.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.aygfsteel.com/shaofan/services/trackbacks/32465.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<DIV>If the problem was exploring requirements to lead them toward stability, the solution was seen to be prototyping. ... Prototyping and JAD continue to be used to this day, especially when requirements are poorly understood.<BR><BR>Meanwhile, management had to figure out how to deal with reuiqrements instability and the "moving target" problem. ... But eventually management came to realize that, although they could not freeze the requirements, they could insist that changing requirements lead to changing project terms and conditions. "You want new or revised features? Then let's talk about how much time and money that will cost over and above our original estimate." Unfortunately, that led us into the swampland of changing estimates while the project was in progress...<BR><BR>There is an interesting new twist evolving on the requirements instability problem. The extream Programming lightweight methodology calls for a representative of the user community to reside with the software project team during development. ... The questions remain, however, how many user organizations (a) will be willing to give up a first-rate person to such a full-time task, and (b) have one person who can represent all the potentially varying viewpoints of the customers and users?<BR><BR>ä¸ÞZº†æ›´å¥½å¾—捕获需求，使它们有更好的稳定性，äºÞZ»¬å¼€å§‹ä‹É用＂原型åQ‚．åQ‚原型＂和JADåQˆè”合应用开发）在如今仍在被使用着åQŒå°¤å…¶å½“需求无法被准确理解的时候．<BR><BR>同时åQŒç®¡ç†è€…必需面对和解决需求不½E›_®šåQŒåŠåQ‚移动靶åQ‚的问题åQŽæœ€¾lˆä»–们认识到åQŒè™½ç„¶ä»–们无法冻¾l“需求，但是他们可以坚持åQ‚需求变化导致合同条‹Æ‘֏˜æ›ß_¼‚的想法．åQ‚如果你想修攚w¡¹ç›®çš„功能åQŒé‚£ž®±éœ€è¦è€ƒè™‘˜q™äº›ä¿®æ”¹æ‰€éœ€è¦çš„æ—‰™—´å’Œèµ„金成本．åQ‚不òq¸çš„是，˜q™è‡´ä½‰K¡¹ç›®é™·å…¥éœ€è¦é‡æ–°è¿›è¡Œä¼°è®¡çš„泥沼之中åQˆåœ¨™å¹ç›®˜q›è¡Œä¹‹ä¸­˜q›è¡Œé‡æ–°ä¼°è®¡ä¼šé€ æˆå“ªäº›é—®é¢˜åQŸï¼‰åQ?BR><BR>此时极限¾~–程‹¹®å‡ºæ°´é¢åQŽå®ƒè¦æ±‚一个客户代表与开发äh员一èµøP¼Œå‚与软äšg开发的˜q‡ç¨‹åQŽè¿™å¯ä»¥è§£å†³ä¸€äº›é—®é¢˜ï¼Œç„¶è€Œé—®é¢˜ä»ç„¶å­˜åœ¨ï¼Œæœ‰å¤šž®‘组¾l?a)愿意攑ּƒä¸€ä¸ªä¸€¾U¿å‘˜å·¥ï¼Œè®©ä»–全职参与软äšg开发，(b)能找åˆîC¸€ä¸ªå¯ä»¥ä»£è¡¨æ‰€æœ‰æ½œåœ¨çš„åQŒæŒä¸åŒè§‚点的客户和用户的ähåQŸï¼ˆå…³äºŽ˜q™ç‚¹åQŒä¸ªäºø™®¤ä¸ºå…‰æœ‰å®¢æˆ·ä»£è¡¨å¯èƒ½è¿˜ä¸å¤ŸåQŒè¿˜æ˜¯è¦åœ¨éœ€æ±‚捕èŽïLš„˜q‡ç¨‹ä¸­é‡‡ç”¨å¤š¿Uæœ‰æ•ˆçš„手段åQŒè“v码客户代表要与其他参与需求的客户和用æˆähœ‰ä¸€å®šçš„一致意见，否则åQŒæ€Žä¹ˆèµ·åˆ°åQ‚代表＂的作用？åQ?BR><BR> <DIV><EM>[GLASS]　Facts and Fallacies of Software Engineering, Rober L. Glass, Addison-Wesley,2002</EM></DIV></DIV><img src ="http://www.aygfsteel.com/shaofan/aggbug/32465.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.aygfsteel.com/shaofan/" target="_blank">shaofan</a> 2006-02-26 07:22 <a href="http://www.aygfsteel.com/shaofan/archive/2006/02/26/32465.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>关于需求变更的问题http://www.aygfsteel.com/shaofan/archive/2006/02/25/32411.htmlshaofanshaofanSat, 25 Feb 2006 09:45:00 GMThttp://www.aygfsteel.com/shaofan/archive/2006/02/25/32411.htmlhttp://www.aygfsteel.com/shaofan/comments/32411.htmlhttp://www.aygfsteel.com/shaofan/archive/2006/02/25/32411.html#Feedback0http://www.aygfsteel.com/shaofan/comments/commentRss/32411.htmlhttp://www.aygfsteel.com/shaofan/services/trackbacks/32411.html
Early on, most people in the software field believed that the problem was weak software management, and the solution was to hold the line one the original set of requirements, insisting that when the software team had solved that problem, the customers and users would just have to accept that solution. It was during this era that computer scientists came up with the notion of formal specifications...

That approach really didn't work very well. The eventual solution didn't solve any problem the customers and users really needed solved, and, therefore, those slutions were ignored and eventually abandoned. All that time and money had been spent building a software solution that went straight to the refuse bin ... so did the relationship between the customers and the development organization


上面˜q™ä¸¤ŒDµè¯åQŒé€‰è‡ª[Glass]中的一章．作者认为导致项目失控的两大最常见原因之一åQŒå°±æ˜¯ä¸½E›_®šçš„需求．而另一个原因则是过于乐观的估计åQŽéœ€æ±‚不½E›_®šå…¶å®žæ˜¯èÊY件过½E‹ä¸­å›ºæœ‰çš„一个特性．它åƈ不是单指需求本íw«ä¸½E›_®šåQŒè€Œæ˜¯è¯´åœ¨è½¯äšg的开始阶ŒDµï¼Œç”¨æˆ·çš„需求很可能无法被完全挖掘，因äؓ客户本èínòq¶ä¸èƒ½å®Œå…¨äº†è§£ä»–自己惌™¦ä»€ä¹ˆï¼Žè€Œéšç€å¼€å‘çš„˜q›è¡ŒåQŒå„个方面越来越具体åQŒå®¢æˆ·å¯¹è‡ªå·±çš„需求的认识逐渐提高åQŒå› äº›å¯¼è‡´éœ€æ±‚的变更åQ?BR>
在早些年里，äºÞZ»¬òq¶æœªè®¤è¯†åˆŽÍ¼‚不稳定的需求＂是èÊY件开发本íw«å›ºæœ‰çš„本性，而是把问题归咎于½Ž¡ç†åQŽåŸºäºŽæ­¤çš„解å†Ïx–¹æ¡ˆå°±æ˜¯ï¼ŒåšæŒåœ¨æœ€åˆæ•èŽïLš„需求的基础上进行开发，否认和拒决需求变æ›ß_¼Žåœ¨è¿™ŒD‰|—¶é—´é‡ŒåQŒFORMAL SPECIFICATION发展了è“v来．

然而这¿Uåšæ³•åƈ不很成功åQŽåŸºäºŽè¿™¿Uåšæ³•äñ”出的软äšgòq¶ä¸èƒ½çœŸæ­£è§£å†›_®¢æˆïLš„问题åQŒç»“果是åQŒè¿™äº›äñ”品无法投入ä‹É用而æ“Ü为废品，开发äh员的努力和客æˆïLš„金钱都付诸流æ°ß_¼Œè€Œå®¢æˆ·ä¸Žå¼€å‘组¾l‡é—´çš„å…³¾pÖM¹Ÿæ— æ³•¾l´æŒä¸‹åŽ»åQ?BR>
[GLASS]　Facts and Fallacies of Software Engineering, Rober L. Glass, Addison-Wesley,2002


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