用nagios來監控網絡服務器和網絡服務

nagios可以對服務器進行全面的監控，包括服務（apache、mysql、ntp、 dns、disk、qmail和sshd等等）的狀態，服務器的狀態（up、down等等）。它是一個完全GPL協議的開源軟件包，包含有nagios主 程序和它的各個插件，配置非常靈活，可以監視的項目很多，可以自定義shell腳本進行監控服務，非常適合大型網絡。
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nagios的包含主動監控和被動監控。a8c9M%pN"M%O
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主動檢查是通過監控中心的主機發出請求，讓運行在遠程主機上的nrpe守護進程收集信息，然后報告它，它通過web接口把數據顯示在頁面上。
它的工作原理如下：$Mn3RXv
{BP

被動監控是當遠程被監控主機處于防火墻之內的時候，只有遠程主機可以訪問到監控中心，防火墻之內可以設置另外一個監控中心，遠程監控中心的nagios收 集服務器信息以后，和nsca報告，由naca客戶端報告naca的服務器端，然后報告監控中心的nagios，通過web接口顯示監控結果。

Y if;K ~"^h
nagios的功能非常強大，[url]http://www.nagios.org/[/url]是它的窩，只有e文、法文和日文，沒有中文，可惜啊。/|'n?[R l^ _

我現在引用它的一段文字進行總結一下到底什么是nagios：
What Is This?TN ~bWj:p.H7[A3l
什么是nagios？
Nagios® is a system and network monitoring application. It watches hosts and services that you specify, alerting you when things go bad and when they get better. a4tQ1i |?#x+R
Nagios was originally designed to run under Linux, although it should work under most other unices as well.
s&o9J nN7Z a!Q Some of the many features of Nagios® include: wB'Mb~V |.q-C
Monitoring of network services (SMTP, POP3, HTTP, NNTP, PING, etc.) u]?jUI~
Monitoring of host resources (processor load, disk usage, etc.) (}Wf9sH`
H/`
Simple plugin design that allows users to easily develop their own service checks ?D6N ")Ma'P
Parallelized service checks "J4fi%o7ne4^
Ability to define network host hierarchy using "parent" hosts, allowing detection of and distinction between hosts that are down and those that are unreachable /h~?f4kU
Contact notifications when service or host problems occur and get resolved (via email, pager, or user-defined method) 0Xn(] i'sf
Ability to define event handlers to be run during service or host events for proactive problem resolution T6T*o1Oz8leB)L@
Automatic log file rotation
Support for implementing redundant monitoring hosts
Optional web interface for viewing current network status, notification and problem history, log file, etc.
Nagios是一個監視系統和網絡的應用程序。它監視你所指定主機和服務，當監視的內容變好或者變壞時發出警告。Nagios最初是被設計在Linux平臺上運行的，然而現在在其他平臺上也運行良好。
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Nagios的特性包括：x8yx2| E ^d1b
監視網絡服務（SMTP, POP3, HTTP, NNTP, PING, 等等）$r7W$QVwd9@2^$m3H
監視主機資源（處理器負載、磁盤空間等）2azB0w.@U9g#{4N'h
容許用戶開發自己的插件去檢查自定義的項目；
通過使用“父主機”，定義網絡主機的分層，容許探測主機down掉或者不可到達。
可以定義在主機或服務運行期間，事件發生以后如何處理和解決方式；8M
{8u$Q*Y"" rbZ
自動記錄錯誤日志；
支持冗余監視；V
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可選web接口，通過web頁面查看當前網絡狀態，提示和報告故障歷史，日志文件等；Yn7rz Q rt {("

Nagios的系統要求：'i1f1ok1O(t2}+]
Linux、Unix等
z i{G5PPQ r ` apache
Ucg:T-d!g:lEM z GD庫（1.63以上）A"wdU4N D
zlib
c
{ ~"Z0Za'R!CG pnglib
jpeglib4Gnq5p[]
basic iconsHj.q"pBl)O|c'h)~
等，其中apache的安裝在blog中已經有相關的文章，搜索一下就行；gd、zlib、pnglib和jpeglib安裝比較簡單，步驟： B*j'w+Pp"'a
下載tarball0x d VBC?N is*x
tar zxvf xxx.tar.gz7T(ajm+}a{E
M
cd xxx
NP0" [l} ./configureR @cSBV6T#G$G
make && make install

----------------------------------------------------------------------4c(n8I9j{&r
Nagios的安裝過程(FreeBSD)9s#h9G5V2Pr0yU
----------------------------------------------------------------------
nagios的安裝比較簡單，復雜的是設置和配置參數的設定。不過你要放松一點，畢竟我們要搞定它，不是嗎？那就開始吧： r!k:Ku;w${~(s(Y?N
5R:e$C9M*y,k5l g;i
1：獲得最新的安裝包，[url]http://www.nagios.org/download[/url]M4v @3n,QQ2E@H(k)a
2：以root身份登錄服務器，目前最新的版本是2.5：ZVAd:s.LX
1）nagios，版本2.5：
fetch [url]http://superb-west.dl.sourceforge.net/sour...gios-2.5.tar.gz[/url]
or,O2_Y%@aAQ-?
wget [url]http://superb-west.dl.sourceforge.net/sour...gios-2.5.tar.gz[/url]Q N-foU

2）獲得nagios插件，版本1.4.3：6j#Q3k3i^,[8r5_1y
[url]http://surfnet.dl.sourceforge.net/sourcefo...ns-1.4.3.tar.gz[/url]
jRs:aOM t :fzc(`T0o-u&vA
3）獲得圖庫文件：b,E?
m#V8_
[url]http://dl.sf.net/nagios/imagepak-base.tar.gz[/url]S:nmoK,Rm8m

r?P
swsn4Ix
4）NRPE，版本2.5.2 Kh)" K/~/s;TtW!Um:ZS
[url]http://ufpr.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge...pe-2.5.2.tar.gz[/url]5s7c E$g&c(LPq&R

Ge KV3o2G q&A5| 5）NSCA，版本2.6+P3~3^2I9BF!dh
[url]http://kent.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge...nsca-2.6.tar.gz[/url]

3：切換到root用戶：C~'K4c H(Y6Y
sudo su)i SE,lzj(h
_
"KZ1X+_A{'?nL
4：解壓縮
tar zxvf nagios-2.5.tar.gz6h ^'dK%FF*f;~

5：建立運行nagios的用戶：Yin*Z|
adduser nagios

[ Iy fY6t7fJ6{`
6r'[?Z4^ ~#J 6：建立安裝nagios的文件夾，并使這個文件夾的所有者為nagios:nagios@rbB1h"Pe
mkdir /usr/local/nagios
chown nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios
D(_p E at9F8U*f$s
7：確認web服務器的用戶 b+lJ;Q-N `2X pb'w
可能會通過web接口執行一些命令，必須確定web服務器以哪個用戶運行的，通常為：apache：(^!["qNu xVO
grep "^User" /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf

8：建立命令文件組
這個新的組會包括apache的用戶和nagios的用戶K%y#ZDuGw([ L
pw groupadd nagcmd
pw usermod apache -G nagcmd
pw usermod nagios -G nagcmd uYYU#t,Z
----------------------------------.@9X1b5~{y&~k
cat /etc/groupv/xx3sVh
nagcmd:*:9007:apache,nagios
----------------------------------
m!ID k%C3F(m 'Q(kJm3T1~w
8：運行配置腳本并安裝nagios
cd nagios-2.5
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios --with-gd-lib=/usr/local/lib --with-gd-inc=/usr/local/includeW ?9z9W ^(uk
---------------------------------6Iz^X9A8_)H-s.^
*** Configuration summary for nagios 2.5 07-13-2006 ***:"-B q5]Z&K(M+EP`
sU?aF1AW$P
General Options:(uF1]R!UX]
-------------------------1wr'HU
C)h'qb8Y
Nagios executable: nagios
Nagios user/group: nagios,nagios
Command user/group: nagios,nagiosJM4Gk[
Embedded Perl: no Q,f[6CiH"f
dh
Event Broker: yes
Install ${prefix}: /usr/local/nagios
Lock file: ${prefix}/var/nagios.lock^,e D*lT$R
Init directory: /usr/local/etc/rc.d
Host OS: freebsd6.0

Web Interface Options:8l4sI&T1?")J
------------------------uU8?+@9i?_#P9t
HTML URL: [url]http://localhost/nagios/[/url]
CGI URL: [url]http://localhost/nagios/cgi-bin/[/url]"Qf/b9^3`
Traceroute (used by WAP): /usr/sbin/traceroute2j0H~ g,| ]'F cM

| A9Tx)Z.d7[
Review the options above for accuracy. If they look okay,
#kbW'e0bP7O3b h type 'make all' to compile the main program and CGIs.
---------------------------------
'x U0o4G3H [2_w1V:x(r make all
make install
make install-init "fsyX/c
make install-commandmode
make install-config
{ Mnf&JNL?t)p*K u-R4r
9：安裝nagios-pluginsW"w
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tar zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.3.tar.gz
cd nagios-plugins-1.4.3
s
]b U5xU ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios-plugins
make all tp&X5_'HS8{
make install
3i3TT" y 安裝完成以后在/usr/local/nagios-plugins-plugins會產生一個libexec的目錄，將該目錄全部移動到/usr/local/nagios目錄下即可。*tTj9sFVj8M
mv /usr/local/nagios-plugins-plugins/libexec/ /usr/local/nagios/

10：imagepak-base.tar.gz的安裝
tar –xvzf imagepak-base.tar.gz
解壓以后是base目錄
mv base/ /usr/local/nagios/share/images/logos/
4?t";Rj I _~Q
----------------------------------------------------------------------es/}9j^ GP
現在開始配置：4j)s'R9L;BJ ? ?
----------------------------------------------------------------------U5C2LPSyG
l
1：配置web接口
假設你已經運行了apache，如果沒有，請參考：
[url]http://localhost/upload/blog.php?do-showone-tid-18.html[/url]u)`5o7HX]*]k
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vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
添加如下內容：
ScriptAlias /nagios/cgi-bin /usr/local/nagios/sbin
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<Directory "/usr/local/nagios/sbin"> y d2e"/S+lf"?8z
Options ExecCGI }ciX?:Uaw
AllowOverride NoneRr Tu?[ E[3OT
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
AuthName "Nagios Access"
AuthType Basic h3I?T/y Vq B)|
AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users1ph#u+dD%lY
Require valid-user
a5s ^&y }%v
</Directory>
c,m+qi0l1@ ` @ 3F:pIPm%N:W0A
Alias /nagios /usr/local/nagios/share
2S |&t
uPy%h
<Directory "/usr/local/nagios/share">4P*CV(q~7j
Options Noneb,yw,@^.X
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
Bmv r"gx AuthName "Nagios Access"
AuthType Basicd^ ? f E1t
AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users0Dk;_
h(D&X n
Require valid-userN;V[*y.w
</Directory>
修改完畢，保存文件，并重啟apache：2}"jGtU;"?L!g
/usr/local/apahce2/bin/apachectl restart/?"`8i W)H@ L(r${

2：配置apache的BASIC認證：
S6C C$H9h
生成認證密碼：
/usr/local/apache2/bin/htpasswd –c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagios nagios
H@ Rv9~c6]?` Fx apache接口配置完成。+O XAI&e,LhP
uf0n1tzcc(YNSJ
開始配置nagios：
cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/[T-z2b$S:yr,K"
在/usr/local/nagios/etc下是nagios的配置模板文件-sample,把.cfg-sample文件全部拷貝成.cfg
例如:cp nagios.cfg-sample nagios.cfg )y r,bX6U_
全部拷貝完成即可.

#^ r7oLAM/oq vi minimal.cfg@;]*o/"bo6P
注釋所有command：
注釋的方法是在每一個定義語句前面添加”#“
修改cgi.cfg
修改use_authentication=1為use_authentication=0,即不用驗證.不然有一些頁面不會顯示。

現在檢查配置文件是否有語法錯誤：
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
如果正確，會顯示以下結果：
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors: 01ZX.bx Z3c_J{:t
否則，需要根據提示進行修改配置文件。

配置文件等會再弄。現在啟動nagios1V1J"T:}-?4i{7Mv
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
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為了使nagios異常中斷，我們使用daemontools啟動：
I@4M^3cV J K 安裝daemontool： T(^a*`o(u?])X*s
mkdir -p /package!D!^.f
GwQ1M
chmod 1755 /package
cd /packageR&w1z3pSYN.Y
fetch [url]http://cr.yp.to/daemontools/daemontools-0.76.tar.gz[/url] Z}lA
r4A"I
cd admin/daemontools-0.76/
package/install
檢查svscan進程是否啟動：
ps aux | grep svscan
root 376 0.0 0.0 1636 0 con- IW - 0:00.00 /bin/sh /command/svscanboot
)X ]tC(iA1"$M*S| root 411 0.0 0.0 1224 208 con- S 8Jul06 0:42.50 svscan /serviceelGKy9P~

ok，啟動正常了。
cd /servicet5]0Ul#X
mkdir nagios
k6Z J o1P^ chmod 1755 nagios
touch ./run.b"_d(qk,C#E
chmod 755 ./run
vi run
PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
[8s3V6iN
e
e T7?pfj export PATH
oR*ZS K"@?'B
exec env - PATH=$PATH "
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

mkdir logt'Y4jBZ(P1@:[
_
cd logRw1i0O$^__X,F+]3F
touch ./run
^mtCAF"YQ8"%I b:D chmod 755 ./run
vi ./runH7eCGP'cC
#!/bin/sh2R$ja"X0q+ge}vL
exec setuidgid logadmin multilog t s1000000 n100 ./mainvO U:RF
ZcAT^v%AV9_
mkdir main&h
JKo V%Y
chmod 777 main+|Q$gb s v;S|
chown nagios.nagios mainx%})EzL!Zu?j
touch statusA@s)IHym
chown nagios.nagios status

svc -u /service/nagios/
svstat /service/nagios/[
H
c0Z"
root@## ps auxww | grep nagiosAB,R A4"'pl5e
root 23276 0.0 0.1 1176 488 ?? I 5:00PM 0:01.71 supervise nagios#p?:_p1KK*h
nagios 34251 0.0 0.3 2316 1552 ?? S 6:06PM 0:00.10 /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg!?;r-U
Gau2sm+I
root@##
K.t!k{ra8m;X
ok，現在把nagios服務做成自動啟動的服務了。7@O5"!bA F
通過svc命令可以啟動或者停止服務。
:] _^#m rS ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------"/|7Ra Ua"_4W
svc opts services-[s^Q-uF8WG
opts is a series of getopt-style options. services consists of any number of arguments, each argument naming a directory used by supervise.
7f"N?B?WP3@C
-u: Up. If the service is not running, start it. If the service stops, restart it. p2D8tT%C6w
-d: Down. If the service is running, send it a TERM signal and then a CONT signal. After it stops, do not restart it. @ eUO w9R._9c,Y
-o: Once. If the service is not running, start it. Do not restart it if it stops.
-p: Pause. Send the service a STOP signal. Gf%a W8~&R._
-c: Continue. Send the service a CONT signal.
-h: Hangup. Send the service a HUP signal.
3?B"k;I jJ{4P)o8e -a: Alarm. Send the service an ALRM signal. `@7r1}2`
-i: Interrupt. Send the service an INT signal.
-t: Terminate. Send the service a TERM signal.
Q5Z*h
z uWB0}yGX2w -k: Kill. Send the service a KILL signal.
-x: Exit. supervise will exit as soon as the service is down. If you use this option on a stable system, you're doing something wrong; supervise is designed to run forever. L{9L/t;_}][1oL
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------S@?o0{c
比如：2}")J ao,NQ
停止nagios－－svc -d /service/nagios/
重啟nagios－－svc -t /service/nagios/q*W'Y@3bw#s4d
啟動nagios－－svc -u /service/nagios/.} tdK5i.ZI?l
2S4z+R p)H
當然，你也可以使用inited的方式進行：XMJ/M$tC
/usr/local/etc/rc.d/nagios start/stop

好了，反正daemontools很強大，以后慢慢熟悉，轉入正題。
現在打開網頁：[url]http://localhost/nagios/[/url] o
T ] j#{"%NN$v}
一定會讓你大吃一驚，呵呵，我的服務器和服務狀態都清楚的看到了。
現在我們的nagios中只有一個，那就是它自己，localhost，呵呵，等會我們添加別的主機和主機服務，ok，我們認識一下nagios的廬山真面目：
l)VtRC}2s
配置nagios：

1）為主機添加服務
2）添加主機并添加服務
3）停止一個服務4uA&U8S0Bz0? Jb
4）刪除一臺主機和服務/fpV8fa`;x2o
5）查看所有主機的故障~!kWm~U*M~
6）查看一臺特定的主機狀態mW
_&M?e?D?u
7）改變報警的時間間隔
8）改變發現故障的重試次數9}0^8?W?k:V1PUH
9）如何在nagios中使用外部命令
%aNg?Gq"V#T+W
mP6^*X1l)n
1）為主機添加一個服務$|7~'`
vJ `C
為localhost主機添加qmail服務的監控，方法如下：L1MoYTE
vi minimal.cfg
6` [&F#M xN define service{
j T1rE-^" use generic-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name localhostV&`R k U,VIT
service_description qmail_smtp2n t3N J&MTg
is_volatile 0
check_period 24x7
ynU[;Xa_%Tl/{:| max_check_attempts 1&^A`Y@h,q
normal_check_interval 1cu ~:Yl!jo
retry_check_interval 1
contact_groups admins
notification_options w,u,c,r
notification_interval 960
l-d6?~ h@2X B notification_period 24x7
check_command check_smtp!20%!10%!/
}2]
tk[0@N$f%Ji(a

可以直接拷貝原有的進行修改，我這個就是拷貝的原有的check_local_disk進行的。;n||2U8^1g4yB
修改host_name，service_description，check_command等kx[5~6N p,n$W

define service{&Vp^/k6M(gH
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use A5?cx5|&q${
host_name localhost
service_description qmail_pop3
D,Y T?GQo is_volatile 0
check_period 24x7l""1l~
U k,N'I
max_check_attempts 1
normal_check_interval 1_-v9j y7V
retry_check_interval 1?d;H0NB&lz
contact_groups adminsL9j?}~tM2G
notification_options w,u,c,r F;Mf?N3K)?(X#q`vD
notification_interval 960
notification_period 24x7
check_command check_pop!20%!10%!/
}1qs;d-J)M#v EQe
照貓畫虎的進行修改，然后去修改：6b$mBk,Q OD
vi checkcommands.cfg
e2X?Eqi ` _,v`gSH1I #'check_qmail' command definition&j"}R2x*"@Xb
define command{
command_name check_qmail
"h#L6X j5P)} v-oN2L command_line $USER1$/check_smtp -H 127.0.0.1
}3tF!C
iT
define command{
command_name check_pop3
command_line $USER1$/check_pop -H 127.0.0.1
}
保存，然后檢查配置文件：*O?o0s
o&H0o1R KxL""L
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
如果沒有錯誤會顯示：
8g xx[B Q|;i Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors: 0
如果有錯誤，請根據提示進行錯誤的修正。
V)R wk x
[!c;b3K 重啟nagiosf @+Y ZQ"p
u
svc -d /service/nagios/ && svc -u /service/nagios/ e4@j9]|`v#VG
通過web頁面檢查nagios的結果：N/},R:Q8tK9J.V(U1~
[url]http://10.5.1.153/nagios/[/url]&W Z k!Q#N9OP i,D
點擊“Service Detail”
會出現：w?$Jd zT`5W2p
"c0?%F5h Gb/C c]
2）添加主機并添加服務
y"yN"LO 我們會監控這臺主機的負載、磁盤等一些沒有通過端口方式啟動的服務器狀態，以及它的服務，比如：apache、mysql、qmail和ntp等等吧。那 么沒有端口的nagios直接能監控到嗎？答案是不行。所以我們必須在兩臺主機上安裝nrpe，nrpe可以啟動5666端口，把檢測的信息源源不斷的傳 給監控中心的主機。$^U."7Y7y
ok，我們把apache、mysql、qmail和ntp先加上，這回我們把監控的主機和服務新建一個文件：
FU?L)y4BH.O m j cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/*})g
n5rt~~"
touch 10_5_1_156.cfg/m!x!P"@]p8c}*K
vi nagios.cfgO&Cq1F[k
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/10_5_1_156.cfgc*ceqa-g

5"!h&H Wi}~
b$k vi 10_5_1_156.cfg
定義一個主機：
define host{1d
y*Sq`A)D
use generic-host ; Name of host template to useow@w7t;a?c"
host_name test_nrpe
alias client
address 10.5.1.156
check_command check-host-alive8A+KgA[7g
max_check_attempts 1
2ogcaY bij+C check_period 24x7
notification_interval 120;M8}!f'YB_
notification_period 24x7
notification_options d,rZ B+OD,vy
contact_groups admins#{:Gy#E1dy:a'U
}9o E2|o"~-Wt(qB@)Q
~

!hVI-uV
N8mA }(yf 定義主機需要檢查的服務：9aYU9Y;H}G
define service{W;LJm4B~5@y
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use#H)[0We!m q+^%J(y,L'x
host_name test_nrpe0F8Ic*F!V
service_description PING#W" bG*b2AG5z
is_volatile 0E%H9"(I5Q h
check_period 24x7;p*};I"Y M
max_check_attempts 1
normal_check_interval 1mY,j Y5}`c
retry_check_interval 1
contact_groups admins#t#m(]?i"` RYc)`?D
notification_options w,u,c,r
notification_interval 960s vt:zJA
notification_period 24x7;o'FHD4JP |.?7v[
check_command check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
}
1nK5IV&X
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use'Fp'K_ h};U2f
host_name test_nrpefX`"i_M
service_description apache
is_volatile 0
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 1iO y8tR3^:L&N7vn
normal_check_interval 1
retry_check_interval 1
contact_groups admins
notification_options w,u,c,r
notification_interval 960
notification_period 24x7]5bb#Y?sd G6d$H
check_command check_http!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
}q.y'rp?ZK3L*R

l*F!uR a)vS"{ V define service{9Rw8|&I?hN
~
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name test_nrpe
service_description mysql
~ | RKe;]^S%P is_volatile 0$p ux:QE8?5E}&^
check_period 24x76_pU5i&PI1E?
max_check_attempts 1?4}x3g;VOOw6s
normal_check_interval 17Qy0m1hZD$^5C
retry_check_interval 1
$@D M2Z ?R"kl'l']-g1U7a contact_groups admins
notification_options w,u,c,r
D;x*f oii{h}x2H notification_interval 960 V~&D T1},JTa
notification_period 24x7 {dLd^%jC
LM
check_command check_mysql!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
c7u1?^Hy{ t }
}?X3hFY7Ty
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use5i s};I
a)gYa
host_name test_nrpev6W+BWdBt P4E
service_description ntp ;JZ%F3M'g"n#m5R"x*E
is_volatile 0
dMW;NL%j;uh check_period 24x7xk|e2V5Ag}(m
max_check_attempts 1
normal_check_interval 14|@+gf]:X9C7]C5[i
retry_check_interval 1"?l3ra4O1^7V"Ps?D
contact_groups admins
notification_options w,u,c,r
notification_interval 960
notification_period 24x7
check_command check_ntp!100.0,20%!500.0,60%Jq T|0J
}

define service{
oY$AC!T hc T use generic-service ; Name of service template to use.Uk+Na-N.wx
host_name test_nrpe
service_description qmail_smtp t.Uj.^ke2V-Rq
is_volatile 0!X7P/R+l3T8M$F*M
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 1
normal_check_interval 1
retry_check_interval 1`n p$Ct.Y
contact_groups admins
notification_options w,u,c,r
notification_interval 9607k(K9U1~9@D-Tw
notification_period 24x7e5]${]9L
check_command check_smtp!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
n C0bs1I }h)U
D ~yu"Chm;H@
(HRz.`{;Z R
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name test_nrpe
service_description qmail_pop3
^c "%zjzt2XW6a(HE is_volatile 0
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 1
normal_check_interval 16fl:_xS
retry_check_interval 1
r1hw w(_7H7X contact_groups admins
bd @9[ ^.uD'I%p notification_options w,u,c,r.MjyE~/f[p
notification_interval 960s]$p,J:h
notification_period 24x7
check_command check_pop!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
*z-H*u4zh UF4o
T }:UYi
J:y A{
現在我們象上次一樣把服務也定義完了：
T;MI FUZ 此時是不是多了一個主機和它下面的服務呢?那是肯定的，添加主機和服務可能出現的問題有如下情況： z$D!@Yty,Q2_
1：配置參數出現問題，如果你沒有檢查配置就啟動nagios，可能會啟動成功，但是顯示會不正常； }`U
g j?R
解決方法：調整配置參數
kzXL^/_,j |9Yq
2：Connection refused
當出現這個問題的時候，我開始以為是ssh的無密碼登錄沒有成功，但是其實我的服務器沒有啟動該服務造成的，啟動服務即可。y;KB?Vd }
Y"h"y*E|-J(A`
但是這些是有端口的服務，沒有使用端口的狀態任何檢測？6s.f W.p2t
使用nrpe，ok，我們現在在服務器上安裝nrpe：
Kx5O ud_9W 一、遠程主機的配置
r#jr&^ `p 1、安裝nrpe與配置
fetch [url]http://ufpr.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge...pe-2.5.2.tar.gz[/url](M3bymhyl!u+p,X
tar zxvf nrpe-2.5.2.tar.gz
cd nrpe-2.5.2]8u5Q6j}N
./configure --enable-ssl --enable-command-args Hm2u8H`!i|
make all
mkdir -p /usr/local/nagios/etcFTR{:}C)]'n
mkdir /usr/local/nagios/bin
mkdir /usr/local/nagios/libexec
.g
F+UI "/j$Tv:Y] pw addgroup nagios
pw useradd nagios -g nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/ -s /sbin/nologin 5q"cm
"w N lE{
chown -R nagios:nagios /usr/local/nagios
cp ./sample-config/nrpe.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc
cp src/nrpe /usr/local/nagios/bin
2、啟動nrpe，端口為5666 k.[1Rm x*L-?
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -du$z;c S%g2A&~
netstat -ant | grep 5666U,a'w+Ec B"C?u'g&L
tcp4 0 0 *.5666 *.* LISTEN$O6k xx5w

二、監控服務器上的配置
1、安裝nrpe(主要是使用check_nrpe模塊)
u Sk`:STA0k fetch [url]http://ufpr.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge...pe-2.5.2.tar.gz[/url]*J1~7ai.X.Q
tar zxvf nrpe-2.5.2.tar.gz
cd nrpe-2.5.28{M5S;r$J(Mp
./configure --enable-ssl --enable-command-args
make all
cp src/check_nrpe /usr/local/nagios/libexec
2、nagios文件的配置
vi checkcommands.cfg #L6?/];R+g-@
定義check_nrpe命令,tc$@sK'fP-vi
sL
# 'check_nrep' command definition
define command{
y/J-d+y-F O.s command_name check_nrpe#Yj-a?eN.X Z
command_line /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$ %{wQ q0[!iV p
}xQs(Z;L
三、上面我們已經配置了一部分參數，下面是配置的最終結果：y
]5~9d+gk-[
define host{/R+Q+b)[}Z/SFv6x
use generic-host ; Name of host template to usew0v"H)a4s-a"b:"*e
host_name test_nrpe
alias client
address 10.5.1.156(QP+~5Ah5d](q'I
check_command check-host-alive
max_check_attempts 1
MD}m _
QQ
js
check_period 24x7
notification_interval 120 }Wm.i}/_1O&rx(jk
notification_period 24x7
notification_options d,rX!J8bb UV~
contact_groups admins
}SY;hT7p;e&"p
*h?V[Phb'O
# 'check_load' command definition@Y4bC` |2w e0^
define command{[.L'~pun2U
command_name check_load
command_line $USER1$/check_load -w $ARG1$ -c $ARG2$ 0S#F.XqxM?
}
]u.Jn1K:rI6W
k0o8Ns[ C
# 'check_load' command definition
define command{
command_name check_disk
@ T's?rOz%Zz)DXu command_line $USER1$/check_disk -w $ARG1$ -c $ARG2$ '_
RGw2x ~eG;L
}5y"VTp6e!~({&a
define service{K)n!mP)w-R'S+l
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use
]F.lVo1nB U host_name test_nrpe
service_description PING
is_volatile 0 l6@;Z/@]
check_period 24x7
,z&r.`2N$Z8xe _%e max_check_attempts 1
normal_check_interval 1
retry_check_interval 1
;v'laGn H.?d.~q&Fj contact_groups admins
8O-W*O VNv notification_options w,u,c,r
)tDg(U0x^ _7f.Ud7?fM notification_interval 960M:efmR&hT
notification_period 24x7u!v7[(p?gu'K4?*T
check_command check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%cT5d6wiBU6q
}
bOW+Y C KM&I-k*t
define service{ GWa,fu6K?KVsy
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name test_nrpef{L,A4hX_
service_description apache
is_volatile 0 M.v|
VJqv
check_period 24x7rl(x:?:BM
max_check_attempts 1!c[ z | Uto
normal_check_interval 12J8b7g7FQ6C2qac
retry_check_interval 1
contact_groups admins
notification_options w,u,c,r Z"H WZ$Af*]Q
notification_interval 960
notification_period 24x7p:S0C;f{i
check_command check_http!100.0,20%!500.0,60%4c(u0X4ce^^c^$z
}j?5x5ZDJ'N^[z
#_bFR8EuoL
define service{z|X V`Tf
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use6p3{;~dD
host_name test_nrpe
service_description mysql8DMr+|sf5A
is_volatile 0;y)yti!j
check_period 24x7#P:xh.A}Pb
max_check_attempts 1
normal_check_interval 11}`1odj/YAhy
retry_check_interval 1
contact_groups admins.gMe,C_x
notification_options w,u,c,r O9J3tO,F
notification_interval 960nH[
P9ym
notification_period 24x7,M*}7m`+[8k_
check_command check_mysql!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
0}&idg `gw{ {4P"V7n }~KK:S G

define service{
use generic-service ; Name of service template to user"{JB7IAH3Ebu
host_name test_nrpe-vO0R%G!f
H%]
service_description ntp
K9sU4a%vUv x'"
is_volatile 0g._9X)"E(CJ&l*pFco
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 1$b'z8g'iHM"t%vC0?A5O
normal_check_interval 19wwpZ a%M(AVJ
retry_check_interval 1
@P5q.YPN N@ contact_groups admins
notification_options w,u,c,r
notification_interval 9608H-D"D5]h2Mw3{@
notification_period 24x7kIhh2bX]Z%y
check_command check_ntp!100.0,20%!500.0,60%WfE
[ h
}
j gSgbO Z N '`Q` g[cW0N
define service{
0p N8n.j?? @H_
W0WL t use generic-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name test_nrpe
service_description qmail_smtp
is_volatile 0
check_period 24x7 X;Tt;p G j
C_+I
max_check_attempts 1
normal_check_interval 1P'KT7f*oo
o
retry_check_interval 1o5CuAL9^
contact_groups adminsTW,r8x d0?}
notification_options w,u,c,r`K'|#zp#r3xX-b
notification_interval 960/~0]q%"w?kq;}nA
notification_period 24x7
check_command check_smtp!100.0,20%!500.0,60% "Uz5kzJo"Z-D"L"Y
}

define service{
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use
`gZ;l`kB host_name test_nrpeF}}2nO
service_description qmail_pop3
is_volatile 0x'Da(Ky%fY
check_period 24x7p2Z}L(L,K${4} D~x
max_check_attempts 1Pl5U"Q$Xo
normal_check_interval 1 a:SF^6v-hsIG
retry_check_interval 12yC#];@j?s
contact_groups admins
notification_options w,u,c,r
notification_interval 960
t2z_F2Xu " notification_period 24x7
check_command check_pop!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
}

4z6NV8x!k g?'a l*J define service{2S)]?} H9^o"
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name test_nrpe t9_N)C|Q]
service_description test_load
is_volatile 0} ^(}l0v2U;R:g)EM
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 1
normal_check_interval 1
retry_check_interval 1
W_?y)s"@+HYru+U?T z contact_groups admins
notification_options w,u,c,r
notification_interval 9602D9I;q.C YIk
notification_period 24x7
check_command check_load!100.0,20%!500.0,60%gR Rh.tz'Qy!B
}
r,l#Aw2@Q
define service{
@3A['xE!I use generic-service ; Name of service template to use""e?'K XA0`J)`
host_name test_nrpe0zi ~dI(K&ZpV1D
service_description test_disk OU;p+l:fU-G@rW
is_volatile 0:WQABNK
Y
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 1^"X F.}lU.I
normal_check_interval 1
retry_check_interval 1
A7r vLD contact_groups admins
notification_options w,u,c,r
&nX,] ur notification_interval 960
notification_period 24x7#iHn!u%t6y
check_command check_disk!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
}
`l n9`&bVZ
四、檢查配置參數并重啟nagios

$V0I*r#O_:D/fu3n:_
9）如何在nagios中使用外部命令uSl+m/Ob"Fye u
vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfgg'O-{e?v*SY
check_external_commands=1GX4vv;gKBU

mkdir /usr/local/nagios/var/rw vM@ O,K|
chown nagios.nagcmd /usr/local/nagios/var/rw
chmod u+rw /usr/local/nagios/var/rw b X.p"-{
chmod g+rw /usr/local/nagios/var/rwvz_0sn+rLd
chmod g+s /usr/local/nagios/var/rw

svc -t /service/nagios/
/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl restart