1, insert Ubuntu 7.10 CD
a, format disc(primary 10G ext3; extend 59G ext3; swap 1G)

b, install(timezone shanghai; en_US; "prepare disc space" manual, or the system will partition autoly)

c, auto restart, go on install system(remenber cut off the net line except the netwidth is large, or it will cost long time to download from far away)

2, config
a, sources list
sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list
# add "deb http://debian.exoweb.net/debian.cn99.com/debian etch main" into it
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

b, vedio card driver
在ubuntu7.10下裝nvidia 7 series顯卡并配置雙屏顯示：

一，顯卡驅動 ＋ 雙顯示器
(修改X配置命令：sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg)

1，到nvidia網站下載7系列顯卡的最新驅動

2，ensure that the linux-restricted-modules or linux-restricted-modules-common packages have been uninstalled. Alternatively, you can edit the /etc/default/linux-restricted-modules or /etc/default/linux-restricted-modules-common configuration file and disable the NVIDIA linux-restricted kernel modules (nvidia, nvidia_legacy) via:

DISABLED_MODULES="nv nvidia_new"

3,
sudo apt-get remove --purge nvidia-glx nvidia-glx-new
sudo rm /etc/init.d/nvidia-glx /etc/init.d/nvidia-kernel /lib/linux-restricted-modules/.nvidia_new_installed

4，然后ctrl+alt+1進入tty1
sudo /etc/init.d/gdm stop
sudo sh NVIDIA-Linux-x86-100.14.23-pkg1.run
(這時會出現錯誤提示，說少了“libc header file...libc development package”)
sudo apt-get install sudo apt-get install build-essential xorg-dev pkg-config linux-headers-$(uname -r), libc6-dev
sudo sh NVIDIA-Linux-x86-100.14.23-pkg1.run
sudo /etc/init.d/gdm start

用application -> system tools里的nvidia工具去配置雙顯示器

c, multi-language
System -> Administration -> Language support: install English and Chinese
check "input method"

d, Wen Quan Yi font
browse http://wenq.org/, and download 文泉驛點陣宋體 and 文泉驛矢量正黑, then install them
System -> Preference -> Appearance -> Fonts 前四項選擇：點陣宋體（WenQuanYi Bitmap Song）， 第五項不改（Monospace）
sudo fc-cache -f -v (刷新字體緩存，每次修改字體都要這樣，不然Xorg會很慢)

e, stardict                   
sudo apt-get install stardict
(http://stardict.sourceforge.net/Dictionaries_zh_CN.php 下載朗道英漢，漢英字典)
tar -xjvf *** --directory /usr/share/stardict/dic/

f, pidgin internet messager
sudo apt-get install gaim-guifications
config: Tools -> Plugins -> (check) Guifications; then, config it to uncheck on "Chat message"

3, install and config Software
sudo apt-get install postgresql-8.1 python2.4 ipython vim-gnome sun-java5-jdk eclipse subversion build-essential ssh build-essential meld kompare

a, postgresql
sudo su - postgres (for user postgres has Null password, so you can't just "su - postgres", or you can sudo "sudo passwd postgres" to set password for postgres, then "su - postgres")
createuser (enter username and password.)
config postgresql as below:
In /etc/postgresql/8.1/main/postgresql.conf, Change listen_addresses to '*' and change datestyle to 'ISO,European' and uncomment them.
In /etc/postgresql/8.1/main/pg_hba.conf, 最后加入一行“host        all    justin        127.0.0.1/16        trust”

b, eclipse
sudo eclipse, exit, eclipse

c, ssh
When other mathines want to ssh or scp your mathine which is new OS, it should "rm ~/.ssh/known_hosts" to reload the new Cert.

d, kompare
add a file svndiff in src with context
"""
if [ $1 ] ; then
    svn up -r $1
    svn st -q
    svn log -r $1
    PRE=`expr $1 - 1`
    svn diff --diff-cmd=diff -x "-U 10000" -r$PRE:$1 > /tmp/$1.diff
    cat /tmp/$1.diff | kompare -
else
    svn up
    svn st
    svn diff --diff-cmd=diff -x "-U 10000" | kompare -
fi
"""
then, in src, ./svndiff 9827 will show diff about r9827

e, firefox add-ons
firebug, flashblock

3, chroot
a,
sudo apt-get install debootstrap
sudo debootstrap --arch i386 etch /home/etch http://debian.exoweb.net/debian.cn99.com/debian/
(if in 64 bit system, use --arch amd64)
sudo chroot /home/etch
#in etch as root
apt-get install locales
dpkg-reconfigure locales #(choose en_us UTF8 as before)
apt-get install vim vim-gnome xbase-clients less sudo postgresql-client subversion
echo "etch" > /etc/debian-chroot
visudo (add user justin to sudo)
adduser justin (刪除的命令是userdel justin)

在ubuntu的/usr/bin/etch加入：
sudo cp /etc/passwd /home/etch/etc/
sudo cp /etc/shadow /home/etch/etc/
sudo cp /etc/group /home/etch/etc/
sudo cp /etc/sudoers /home/etch/etc/
sudo cp /etc/resolv.conf /home/etch/etc/
sudo cp /etc/hosts /home/etch/etc/

在/etc/fstab加入：
/home   /home/etch/home    none    bind 0 0
/tmp    /home/etch/tmp     none    bind 0 0
/dev    /home/etch/dev     none    bind 0 0
/proc   /home/etch/proc    none    bind 0 0
sudo chroot /home/etch/  su - justin

現在就可一享受chroot的雙系統了

b, run X in etch 3 steps
b1, (etch)mkdir /tmp/.X11-unix
(ubuntu)sudo echo "/tmp/.X11-unix/x0 /home/justin/etch/tmp/.X11-unix/x0 none bind 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
# another way is write it in to /etc/fstab, or sudo mount --bind /tmp/*** /home/justin/etch/tmp/***
b2, (etch)vim ~/.bashrc # add "export DISPLAY=:0.0"
b3, (ubuntu) cp ~/.Xauthority ~/etch/home/justin/ （其實這步不需要，因為上面已經把/home mount到了/home/etch/home了）

c, install java
#download jdk-1_5_0_14-linux-i586.bin to /opt/, and into etch/opt/
sudo chmod +x jdk-1_5_0_14-linux-i586.bin
sudo ./jdk-1_5_0_14-linux-i586.bin
vim ~/.bashrc
#add below in the end of .bashrc
#export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk1.5.0_14
#export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar
#export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH

java -version
#java version "1.5.0_14"
#Java(TM) 2 Runtime Environment, Standard Edition (build 1.5.0_14-b03)
#Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 1.5.0_14-b03, mixed mode, sharing)
配置默認Java使用哪個 sudo update-alternatives --config java