我們曾經和大家探討過全面剖析Java ME單元測試理念，其實在Android上實現JUnit單元測試也不是很困難，主要是在配置文件和測試環境上將花費很長時間，下面從四步簡單講一下在Android上實現Junit單元測試。
第一步：新建一個TestCase，記得要繼承androidTestCase，才能有getContext()來獲取當前的上下文變量，這在Android測試中很重要的，因為很多的Android api都需要context。
Java代碼
public class TestMath extends AndroidTestCase {
private int i1;
private int i2;
static final String LOG_TAG = "MathTest";
@Override
protected void setUp() throws Exception {
i1 = 2;
i2 = 3;
}
public void testAdd() {
assertTrue("testAdd failed", ((i1 + i2) == 5));
}
public void testDec() {
assertTrue("testDec failed", ((i2 - i1) == 1));
}
@Override
protected void tearDown() throws Exception {
super.tearDown();
}
@Override
public void testAndroidTestCaseSetupProperly() {
super.testAndroidTestCaseSetupProperly();
//Log.d( LOG_TAG, "testAndroidTestCaseSetupProperly" );
}
} |
第二步：新建一個TestSuit，這個就繼承Junit的TestSuite就可以了，注意這里是用的addTestSuite方法，一開始使用addTest方法就是不能成功。
Java代碼
public class ExampleSuite extends TestSuite {
public ExampleSuite() {
addTestSuite(TestMath.class);
}
} |
第三步：新建一個Activity，用來啟動單元測試，并顯示測試結果。系統的AndroidTestRunner竟然什么連個UI界面也沒有實現，這里只是最簡單的實現了一個
Java代碼
public class TestActivity extends Activity {
private TextView resultView;
private TextView barView;
private TextView messageView;
private Thread testRunnerThread;
private static final int SHOW_RESULT = 0;
private static final int ERROR_FIND = 1;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
resultView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.ResultView);
barView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.BarView);
messageView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.MessageView);
Button lunch = (Button)findViewById(R.id.LunchButton);
lunch.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
startTest();
}
});
}
private void showMessage(String message) {
hander.sendMessage(hander.obtainMessage(ERROR_FIND, message));
}
private void showResult(String text) {
hander.sendMessage(hander.obtainMessage(SHOW_RESULT, text));
}
private synchronized void startTest() {
if (testRunnerThread != null
&& testRunnerThread.isAlive()) {
testRunnerThread = null;
}
if (testRunnerThread == null) {
testRunnerThread = new Thread(new TestRunner(this));
testRunnerThread.start();
} else {
Toast.makeText(this,
"Test is still running",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
public Handler hander = new Handler() {
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch (msg.what) {
case SHOW_RESULT:
resultView.setText(msg.obj.toString());
break;
case ERROR_FIND:
messageView.append(msg.obj.toString());
barView.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);
break;
default:
break;
}
}
};
class TestRunner implements Runnable, TestListener {
private Activity parentActivity;
private int testCount;
private int errorCount;
private int failureCount;
public TestRunner(Activity parentActivity) {
this.parentActivity = parentActivity;
}
@Override
public void run() {
testCount = 0;
errorCount = 0;
failureCount = 0;
ExampleSuite suite = new ExampleSuite();
AndroidTestRunner testRunner = new AndroidTestRunner();
testRunner.setTest(suite);
testRunner.addTestListener(this);
testRunner.setContext(parentActivity);
testRunner.runTest();
}
@Override
public void addError(Test test, Throwable t) {
errorCount++;
showMessage(t.getMessage() + "\n");
}
@Override
public void addFailure(Test test, AssertionFailedError t) {
failureCount++;
showMessage(t.getMessage() + "\n");
}
@Override
public void endTest(Test test) {
showResult(getResult()); }
@Override
public void startTest(Test test) {
testCount++;
}
private String getResult() {
int successCount = testCount - failureCount - errorCount;
return "Test:" + testCount + " Success:" + successCount + " Failed:" + failureCount + " Error:" + errorCount;
}
}
} |
第四步：修改AndroidManifest.xml,加入，不然會提示找不到AndroidTestRunner，這里需要注意是這句話是放在applications下面的，我一開始也不知道，放錯了地方，浪費了不少時間
Xml代碼
xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:Android=http://schemas.Android.com/apk/res/Android
package="com.test.sample"
Android:versionCode="1"
Android:versionName="1.0">
<application Android:icon="@drawable/icon" Android:label="@string/app_name" Android:debuggable="true"> <activity Android:name=".TestActivity"
Android:label="@string/app_name">
<intent-filter>
<action Android:name="Android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category Android:name="Android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
intent-filter>
activity>
<uses-library Android:name="Android.test.runner" />
application>
<uses-sdk Android:minSdkVersion="4" />
manifest |