ubuntu學習筆記(ssh的安裝,SecureCRT連接,vim的安裝及使用、jdk的安裝)
Posted on 2012-06-04 13:33 領悟書生 閱讀(2609) 評論(0) 編輯 收藏簡介
1. ubuntu版本:ubuntu-12.04-server-i386.iso
安裝SSH
安裝命令如下,安裝過程過于簡單就不用說了。
sudo apt-get install openssh-server
查看是否安裝成功:
ps -e |grep ssh
1329 ? 00:00:00 sshd |
看到sshd那說明ssh-server已經啟動了
查看IP:ifconfig
naxsu@ubuntu:~$ ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0c:29:e0:32:e5 inet addr:192.168.26.128 Bcast:192.168.26.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fee0:32e5/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:53 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:55 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:5999 (5.9 KB) TX bytes:7364 (7.3 KB) Interrupt:19 Base address:0x2000
lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) |
用SecureCRT連接
安裝jdk
1. 下載
wget http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/6u31-b04/jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin
2. 把jdk移到/usr/local/目錄下
naxsu@ubuntu:~$ sudo mv jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin /usr/local/
[sudo] password for naxsu:
3. 安裝
naxsu@ubuntu:/usr/local$ ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin
-bash: ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin: Permission denied
提示沒權限
方法一:在前面加上sudo sh
root@ubuntu:/usr/java#sudo sh ./ jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin
方法二:加權限
root@ubuntu:/usr/java# sudo chmod u+x jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin
root@ubuntu:/usr/java# ./ jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin
naxsu@ubuntu:/usr/local$ sudo chmod u+x jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin
naxsu@ubuntu:/usr/local$ sudo ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin
出問題了,如下:
naxsu@ubuntu:/usr/local$ sudo ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin: 1: ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin: cannot open html: No such file ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin: 2: ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin: cannot open head: No such file ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin: 3: ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin: cannot open title: No such file ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin: 3: ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin: Request: not found ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin: 4: ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin: cannot open META: No such file ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin: 5: ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin: cannot open link: No such file ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin: 6: ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin: cannot open link: No such file : not foundlinux-i586.bin: 7: ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin: ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin: 8: ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin: cannot open body: No such file ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin: 9: ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin: cannot open div: No such file ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin: 10: ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin: cannot open table: No such file ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin: 11: ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin: cannot open tr: No such file ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin: 12: ./jdk-6u31-linux-i586.bin: Syntax error: redirection unexpected |
用vi編輯器打開,竟是一個網頁。
只能到官網下載JDK了
用VMware Workstation虛擬機來識別USB設備(如U盤)的方法
首先,要使VM虛擬機能夠識別USB設備,也就像Windows中的找到新硬件提示一樣,打開虛擬機,運行后,插入USB設備(該設備已被Windows識別),然后按照圖示方式選擇Removable Devices,選擇USB Device,然后在VM的右下角會出現USB設備圖標,證明已經被VM識別出來了。
其次,因為在Linux系統中要讀取U盤設備,必須通過文件掛載的方式來訪問,即把USB設備也當成文件來訪問,要掛載設備,首先要知道其設備名,然后在利用掛載命令掛載,可以用fdisk –l或者dmesg命令獲得USB設備的設備名假設為sdb1,然后新建一個文件夾目錄比如mkdir myusb ,再利用mount –t –vfat 設備名 掛載目錄命令掛載,這里可使用mount –t –vfat sdb1 myusb,然后就可以通過myusb目錄訪問USB設備上的內容。
最后,使用完畢之后要卸載USB,可以使用unmount掛載目錄,或者unmount 設備名,即可使用unmount myusb或者unmount sdb1來卸載。
naxsu@ubuntu:/mnt$ sudo fdisk -l [sudo] password for naxsu:
Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders, total 41943040 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00063e01
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 40894463 20446208 83 Linux /dev/sda2 40896510 41940991 522241 5 Extended /dev/sda5 40896512 41940991 522240 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Disk /dev/sdb: 4011 MB, 4011851776 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 487 cylinders, total 7835648 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00328b06
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 63 7835647 3917792+ c W95 FAT32 (LBA) |
naxsu@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/myusb naxsu@ubuntu:~$ ls naxsu@ubuntu:~$ cd /mnt/myusb/ naxsu@ubuntu:/mnt/myusb$ sudo cp jdk-6u24-linux-i586.bin /usr/local/ naxsu@ubuntu:/usr/local$ sudo chmod u+x jdk-6u24-linux-i586.bin naxsu@ubuntu:/usr/local$ sudo ./jdk-6u24-linux-i586.bin ……… Press Enter to continue.....
Done. |
配置環境變量
用vim編輯,沒有就安裝
naxsu@ubuntu:/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_24$ vim /etc/profile The program 'vim' can be found in the following packages: * vim * vim-gnome * vim-tiny * vim-athena * vim-gtk * vim-nox Try: sudo apt-get install <selected package> naxsu@ubuntu:/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_24$ sudo apt-get install vim
naxsu@ubuntu:/usr/local$ sudo vim /etc/profile 加入以下代碼: #set java environment export JAVA_HOME= /usr/local/jdk1.6.0_24 export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH:$HOMR/bin
下面才有效 export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_24 export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar |
每次都用sudo太麻煩了,我們來激活root用戶
naxsu@ubuntu:/usr/local$ sudo -s
root@ubuntu:/usr/local#
修改root用戶密碼
在終端執行 sudo passwd root 指令后,系統將會提示你設置一個新的 root 帳號密碼
如果要禁用 root 帳號,那么可以執行 sudo passwd -l root
/etc/profile的設置對su root無效
那如何將/etc/profile的設置在su root也能生效呢? naxsu@ubuntu:~$ su - root Password: “-”不能省略,它是–login的編寫。 |
讓當前配置立即生效 root@ubuntu:~# source /etc/profile 測試安裝是否成功 root@ubuntu:~# echo $JAVA_HOME /usr/local/jdk1.6.0_24 root@ubuntu:~# echo $PATH /usr/local/jdk1.6.0_24/bin:/bin:/jre/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/bin root@ubuntu:~# echo $CLASSPATH .:/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_24/lib/dt.jar:/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_24/lib/tools.jar root@ubuntu:~# java -version java version "1.6.0_24" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_24-b07) Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 19.1-b02, mixed mode, sharing) root@ubuntu:~# 以上提示說明安裝成功。 |