1．寫(xiě)英語(yǔ)日記與英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的關(guān)系
人們常說(shuō)：要真正學(xué)好英語(yǔ)，就要培養(yǎng)用英語(yǔ)思想的能力。但是，要做到這一點(diǎn)是不容易的。有一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單易行的辦法可以幫助我們練習(xí)用英語(yǔ)思想，那就是用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)日記。日記是十分自由的文體，不像作文，必須有正式的主題，講究文體。日記是思想，是感情，是內(nèi)心的一切。有朋友來(lái)你家作客，你可以寫(xiě)：We?had?a?wonderful?time?together．?春節(jié)快到了，你或許可以這樣寫(xiě)：The?Spring?Festival?is?around?the?corner.?It’s?the?most?important?occasion?for?the?family?reunion．甚至在夏天與蚊子的“斗爭(zhēng)”也可以成為日記的內(nèi)容：These?annoying?mosquitoes?didn’t?seem?to?be?afraid?of?the?mosquito?coil(蚊香)I?burned.?So?I?had?to?hang?up?a?mosquito-net.?It?was?fun?to?lie?inside?the?net?reading?a?favorite?magazine?while?those?unpleasant?small?insects?were?looking?at?me?helplessly?outside.?
實(shí)際上，用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)日記是最有效的練習(xí)英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作的形式。它能夠讓你從各種生活細(xì)節(jié)及感受中學(xué)到最生活化、最地道的英語(yǔ)詞語(yǔ)。比如：你今天吃了龍蝦，英語(yǔ)是?lobster；你想說(shuō)某個(gè)女同學(xué)堪稱“校花”，那是?school?beauty；考試作弊是?cheat?in?the?exam，等等。因此，可以這么說(shuō)：如果你能流利地寫(xiě)出好的英語(yǔ)日記，你的英語(yǔ)就已經(jīng)成功了一大半。
2．寫(xiě)好英語(yǔ)日記的要點(diǎn)
1)養(yǎng)成積累詞語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣
從某種意義上說(shuō)，寫(xiě)英語(yǔ)日記又是最難的寫(xiě)作，因?yàn)樗_萬(wàn)象，涉及到生活的各個(gè)方面，對(duì)詞匯的要求特別高。因此，在日常學(xué)習(xí)中，必須做一個(gè)“有心人”，準(zhǔn)備一本筆記本，對(duì)一些英語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣表達(dá)法及時(shí)記錄下來(lái)，以便在以后記日記的時(shí)候可以使用。在開(kāi)始記日記時(shí)，碰到一兩個(gè)英語(yǔ)詞匯不會(huì)寫(xiě)，不妨用漢語(yǔ)先寫(xiě)上，以后學(xué)會(huì)了英語(yǔ)表達(dá)，再補(bǔ)上去。千萬(wàn)不要因?yàn)橐粌蓚€(gè)詞寫(xiě)不出，就沒(méi)了記英語(yǔ)日記的興趣，以至放棄用英語(yǔ)記日記。只要你注意積累，一定會(huì)發(fā)覺(jué)自己英語(yǔ)日記中夾雜的漢語(yǔ)會(huì)越來(lái)越少，最后變?yōu)槿康氐赖挠⒄Z(yǔ)日記。
2)英語(yǔ)日記的寫(xiě)作格式
日記的第一行，要寫(xiě)明年、月、日與星期，然后要寫(xiě)明當(dāng)天的氣候狀況，如果是游記，還要寫(xiě)明地點(diǎn)。這一部分中天氣狀況比較難寫(xiě)。下面是一些常用的描寫(xiě)天氣的英語(yǔ)詞語(yǔ)：
晴?clear?陰?overcast?多云?cloudy?小雨?light?rain
大雨?heavy?rain?毛毛雨?drizzle?陣雨?shower
東風(fēng)?east?wind?南風(fēng)?south?wind?西風(fēng)?west?wind?
北風(fēng)?north?wind?西南風(fēng)?southwester?東南風(fēng)?southeaster?
東北風(fēng)?northeaster?西北風(fēng)?northwester?
氣溫?temperature
炎熱?scorching?heat?寒冷?icy?cold?下雪?snow?
冰雹?hail?虹?rainbow
日記正文可以是敘事、描述、說(shuō)明、議論等各種形式。其實(shí)，由于日記是非常隨便的，因此上述文體常常結(jié)合在一起使用。日記內(nèi)容取自生活，可長(zhǎng)可短，有時(shí)無(wú)事可記，一兩句也可以。切忌今天記，明天不記，三天打魚(yú)，兩天曬網(wǎng)，破壞了記日記的情趣。另外，日記也應(yīng)該盡可能講究一些文采，切忌寫(xiě)成流水賬。
3)英語(yǔ)日記中的縮寫(xiě)與省略
英語(yǔ)日記中的第一行的月份與星期通常都是縮寫(xiě)的：
Sunday----Sun?Monday----Mon.?
Tuesday----Tues.?Wednesday----Wed.?
Thursday----Thur.?或?Thurs.?Friday----Fri.?
Saturday----Sat.?January----Jan.?
February----Feb.?March----Mar.?
April----Apr.?May----May.?June----Jun.?
July----Jul.?August----Aug.?
September----Sept.?October----Oct.?
November----Nov.?December----Dec.?
另外，英語(yǔ)日記中由于頻繁出現(xiàn)I，因此，常常省略，如：In?the?evening?went?with?Xiao?Li?to?the?cinema.?Finishing?exercises,?went?to?play?tennis.?但如果省去I，會(huì)造成語(yǔ)義不清時(shí)，則不可省去：
My?sister?is?good?at?English,?but?I?am?just?so-so.?
實(shí)際上，省與不省I，只是作者的一種習(xí)慣，為了記日記的方便。
最后需要一提的是，英語(yǔ)日記習(xí)慣一年一本，因此日期不必寫(xiě)年份，而只是在每年一本的日記本封面上或者在日記的第一頁(yè)和最后一頁(yè)加以注明即可。
下面三則學(xué)生日記供讀者參考：
Sun.,?Feb.?1
Overcast?
The?night?before?the?examination?
The?clock?struck?eleven?at?night.?The?whole?house?was?quiet.?Everyone?was?in?bed?except?me.?Under?the?strong?light,?I?looked?gloomily?before?me?at?a?huge?pile?of?that?disgusting?stuff?they?call“books”.?
I?was?going?to?have?my?examination?the?next?day.?“Whencan?I?go?to?bed?”?I?asked?myself.?I?did?not?answer.?In?fact?I?dared?not.?
The?clock?struck?12.“Oh,?dear!”I?cried.?“Ten?more?books?to?read?before?I?can?go?to?bed!”We?students?are?the?most?wretched?creatures?in?the?world.
考試是學(xué)生日記“永恒的主題”，寫(xiě)得真實(shí)有趣。
Mon.,?May?9
Clear?
A?watermelon?
Got?a?present?of?a?watermelon?cooled?down?in?the?well(在井里冷卻過(guò)的)from?my?next-door?neighbour.?As?I?was?very?thirsty,?enjoyed?it?very?much.?They?say?the?watermelons?have?turned?out?very?well?this?summer?due?to?the?dry?weather.
“鄰居送西瓜”這樣一件小事，充滿生活樂(lè)趣。當(dāng)然可以作為日記的材料。文中有省略I的地方。
Thurs?.,?Jan?.?7
Very?fine?
A?sunny?day
I?got?up?early?today?to?watch?the?sunrise.?While?I?waited?for?the?sun?to?rise,?I?sat?beside?my?window?and?thought?of?my?future.?Soon?I?will?be?a?grown?man?and?I?won’t?be?a?baby?anymore.?Maybe?I’ll?be?going?to?college?if?I?pass?the?college?entrance?examination.?I?didn’t?want?to?think?of?not?passing?this?important?examination,?for?my?parents?are?counting?on?me?to?do?so.
Anyway,?if?I?don’t?pass?this?one?I?should?try?again?next?year.?I?thought?about?my?parents?too.?They?have?worked?so?hard?to?give?us?children?a?good?life.?Now,?they?are?getting?older?little?by?little.?There?are?more?grey?hairs?now?in?Mother’s?hair.?As?for?my?father,?he’s?beginning?to?have?a?hard?time?reading?the?newspaper.?He?uses?a?pair?of?glasses?now.?All?these?thoughts?touch?me?and?tell?me?that?time?is?indeed?swiftly?passing.
The?sun?was?coming?out?of?the?horizon.?First?it?was?just?a?ray?of?light.?But?little?by?little?the?whole?circle?started?coming?into?view.?The?sky?was?a?bright?orange?with?a?blue?haze?surrounding?the?emptiness.?Soon?I?could?feel?the?warmth?of?the?sun?as?its?rays?passed?through?my?window?pane.?The?view?was?really?beautiful,?more?beautiful?than?any?picture?I?had?ever?seen.?In?a?few?minutes?everyone?was?awake?and?everyone?went?on?their?own?way?with?their?lives.?Another?day?started?and?it?was?another?beginning?for?all?of?us. |
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