(6)設置Repeat Interval參數 |
[君三思] 2009-8-18 |
3.3 設置Repeat IntervalJob 和Schedule中REPEAT_INTERVAL參數都是用來控制執行的頻率或周期,雖然說周期是一個時間性概念,不過REPEAT_INTERVAL指定的時候并不是一個時間值,而是由一組關鍵字描述的時間。 除了前面介紹Job和Schedule的REPEAT_INTERVAL參數時,提到該參數擁有FREQ以及INTERVAL兩個關鍵字,其實除此之外,還有如BYMONTH、BYWEEKNO、BYYEARDAY、BYDATE等等參數,可以用來進行更精確的定義,比如通過BYMONTH關鍵字指定調度運行的月份,BYDAY指定調度在哪天運行等等。 REPEAT_INTERVAL 參數的詳細語法如下: repeat_interval = regular_schedule | combined_schedule ============================== regular_schedule = frequency_clause [";" interval_clause] [";" bymonth_clause] [";" byweekno_clause] [";" byyearday_clause] [";" bydate_clause] [";" bymonthday_clause] [";" byday_clause] [";" byhour_clause] [";" byminute_clause] [";" bysecond_clause] [";" bysetpos_clause] [";" include_clause] [";" exclude_clause] [";" intersect_clause][";" periods_clause] [";" byperiod_clause] ============================== combined_schedule = schedule_list [";" include_clause] [";" exclude_clause] [";" intersect_clause] frequency_clause = "FREQ" "=" ( predefined_frequency | user_defined_frequency ) predefined_frequency = "YEARLY" | "MONTHLY" | "WEEKLY" | "DAILY" | "HOURLY" | "MINUTELY" | "SECONDLY" user_defined_frequency = named_schedule ============================== interval_clause = "INTERVAL" "=" intervalnum intervalnum = 1 through 99 bymonth_clause = "BYMONTH" "=" monthlist monthlist = monthday ( "," monthday)* month = numeric_month | char_month numeric_month = 1 | 2 | 3 ... 12 char_month = "JAN" | "FEB" | "MAR" | "APR" | "MAY" | "JUN" | "JUL" | "AUG" | "SEP" | "OCT" | "NOV" | "DEC" byweekno_clause = "BYWEEKNO" "=" weeknumber_list weeknumber_list = weeknumber ( "," weeknumber)* weeknumber = [minus] weekno weekno = 1 through 53 byyearday_clause = "BYYEARDAY" "=" yearday_list yearday_list = yearday ( "," yearday)* yearday = [minus] yeardaynum yeardaynum = 1 through 366 bydate_clause = "BYDATE" "=" date_list date_list = date ( "," date)* date = [YYYY]MMDD [ offset | span ] bymonthday_clause = "BYMONTHDAY" "=" monthday_list monthday_list = monthday ( "," monthday)* monthday = [minus] monthdaynum monthdaynum = 1 through 31 byday_clause = "BYDAY" "=" byday_list byday_list = byday ( "," byday)* byday = [weekdaynum] day weekdaynum = [minus] daynum daynum = 1 through 53 /* if frequency is yearly */ daynum = 1 through 5 /* if frequency is monthly */ day = "MON" | "TUE" | "WED" | "THU" | "FRI" | "SAT" | "SUN" byhour_clause = "BYHOUR" "=" hour_list hour_list = hour ( "," hour)* hour = 0 through 23 byminute_clause = "BYMINUTE" "=" minute_list minute_list = minute ( "," minute)* minute = 0 through 59 bysecond_clause = "BYSECOND" "=" second_list second_list = second ( "," second)* second = 0 through 59 bysetpos_clause = "BYSETPOS" "=" setpos_list setpos_list = setpos ("," setpos)* setpos = [minus] setpos_num setpos_num = 1 through 9999 ============================== include_clause = "INCLUDE" "=" schedule_list exclude_clause = "EXCLUDE" "=" schedule_list intersect_clause = "INTERSECT" "=" schedule_list schedule_list = schedule_clause ("," schedule_clause)* schedule_clause = named_schedule [ offset ] named_schedule = [schema "."] schedule periods_clause = "PERIODS" "=" periodnum byperiod_clause = "BYPERIOD" "=" period_list period_list = periodnum ("," periodnum)* periodnum = 1 through 100 ============================== offset = ("+" | "-") ["OFFSET:"] duration_val span = ("+" | "-" | "^") "SPAN:" duration_val duration_val = dur-weeks | dur_days dur_weeks = numofweeks "W" dur_days = numofdays "D" numofweeks = 1 through 53 numofdays = 1 through 376 minus = "-"這個語法形式看起來復雜無比,其實實用起來很簡單,之所以看起來復雜,是因為其功能太過靈活(之前的三思系列筆記中,已經闡述過靈活與復雜的關系),這里不準備逐條解釋每一個語法細節,下面將著重通過一些常用設置,希望能夠更有助于廣大同仁的理解。 例如:設置任務僅在周5的時候運行: REPEAT_INTERVAL => ¨FREQ=DAILY; BYDAY=FRI¨; REPEAT_INTERVAL => ¨FREQ=WEEKLY; BYDAY=FRI¨; REPEAT_INTERVAL => ¨FREQ=YEARLY; BYDAY=FRI¨;上述三條語句雖然指定的關鍵字小有差異,不過功能相同。 設置任務隔一周運行一次,并且僅在周5運行:
設置任務在當月最后一天運行:
設置任務在3月10日運行:
REPEAT_INTERVAL => ¨FREQ=YEARLY; BYDATE=0310¨; 上述兩條語句功能相同。 設置任務每10隔天運行:
設置任務在每天的下午4、5、6點時運行:
設置任務在每月29日運行:
設置任務在每年的最后一個周5運行:
設置任務每隔50個小時運行:
另外,你是否在懷念常規job中設置interval的簡便,雖然功能較弱,但是設置操作非常簡單,無須懊惱,其實SCHEDULER中的REPEAT_INTERVAL也完全可以按照那種方式設置,前面都說了,REPEAT_INTERVAL實際上是指定周期,直接指定一個時間值,當然也是周期嘍。 比如說,設置任務每天執行一次,也可以設置REPEAT_INTERVAL參數值如下:
又比如設置任務每周執行一次:
不過需要注意,這種方式僅用于創建SCHEDULER中jobs時使用,不能用于schedule。 |