一：備份
1。data pump包括下面幾個部件：
The command-line clients, expdp and impdp

The DBMS_DATAPUMP PL/SQL package (also known as the Data Pump API)

The DBMS_METADATA PL/SQL package (also known as the Metadata API)

2。expdp, impdp和原先的exp,imp不兼容，也就是用exp導出的文件用impdp是無法導入的。

3。data pump不支持XML schemas

4。使用前必須要先創建目錄：
SQL> CREATE DIRECTORY dpump_dir as '/oracle/oradata/ORCL10/pumpdata';

5。給導入導出的用戶賦予目錄的讀寫權限：
SQL> GRANT READ, WRITE ON DIRECTORY dpump_dir TO scott;

6。設置操作系統環境變量：
export DATA_PUMP_DIR=dpump_dir

7。執行datapump export
[zhangleyi@as software]$ expdp scott/tiger schemas=wanyan dumpfile=wanyan_db165_200611031630.dmp DIRECTORY=dpump_dir

Export: Release 10.1.0.2.0 - Production on Thursday, 26 February, 2004 22:08

Copyright (c) 2003, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.1.0.2.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
Starting "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01": scott/******** tables=emp dumpfile=emp.dmp DIRECTORY=dpump_dir
Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TBL_TABLE_DATA/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 64 KB
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/REF_CONSTRAINT
. . exported "SCOTT"."EMP" 7.820 KB 14 rows
Master table "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
******************************************************************************
Dump file set for SCOTT.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is:
/oracle/oradata/ORCL10/pumpdata/emp.dmp
Job "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at 22:09

二，恢復：
impdp wanyan/wanyan dumpfile=emp.dmp directory=dump_dir logfile=emp.log

處理對象類型 TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TBL_TABLE_DATA/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_B_USER"??????????????????????? 80.75 MB? 376099 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."TEMP_INSIGHT"???????????????????? 40.24 MB? 537133 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."temp_user"??????????????????????? 26.20 MB? 534528 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_D_TEMPLATE"??????????????????? 9.368 MB??? 2223 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_B_SURVEY"????????????????????? 2.568 MB???? 953 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_B_BLOG"??????????????????????? 182.8 KB????? 22 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_D_ANSWERDETAIL"??????????????? 441.8 KB??? 6021 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_D_ANSWER"????????????????????? 342.1 KB??? 5919 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_D_GROUP"?????????????????????? 143.2 KB????? 20 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_B_ARTICLE"???????????????????? 74.09 KB????? 42 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_D_EXAMRESULT"????????????????? 58.05 KB???? 269 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_D_INBOX"?????????????????????? 61.48 KB???? 424 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_D_KEYWORDS"??????????????????? 44.06 KB??? 2532 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_D_SENDBOX"???????????????????? 61.82 KB???? 442 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_B_ADMINUSER"?????????????????? 8.140 KB?????? 8 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_B_COLUMN"????????????????????? 11.38 KB????? 20 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_B_COMMENT"???????????????????? 31.37 KB???? 217 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_B_ROLE"??????????????????????? 6.031 KB?????? 7 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_D_ATTENTION"?????????????????? 6.367 KB????? 20 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_D_COMMEND"???????????????????? 7.625 KB????? 12 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_D_MAILTEMPLATES"?????????????? 14.55 KB????? 11 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_D_PREVIEW"???????????????????? 7.476 KB?????? 7 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_D_SOURCE"????????????????????? 9.375 KB???? 120 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_D_USERSCORERECORD"???????????? 8.164 KB????? 21 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_R_FRIENDBLOG"????????????????? 5.992 KB?????? 1 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_R_GROUPMEMBER"???????????????? 20.98 KB???? 246 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_R_GROUPNOTE"?????????????????? 27.80 KB???? 191 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_R_ROLE_PERMISSION"???????????? 20.46 KB???? 441 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_D_COMMONMESSAGE"?????????????????? 0 KB?????? 0 行
. . 導入了 "WANYAN"."WY_D_INVITATION"????????????????????? 0 KB?????? 0 行