注意事項：
1 rman的保存格式前后要一樣.
2 archive 的格式也要和原來一樣。

oracle 10g

[oracle@standby oracle]$ rman target /

啟動歸檔
SQL>alter database archivelog;

System altered.

SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode????????????? No Archive Mode
Automatic archival???????????? Disabled
Archive destination??????????? USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence???? 7
Current log sequence?????????? 9
SQL>

重啟數據庫，歸檔就會自動啟動。

啟動自動備份控制文件

RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup on;

new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

RMAN> configure channel device type disk format 'F:\backup\%U';

new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT?? 'F:\backup\%U';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
---------------------------------------------------
F:\ORACLE\PRODUCT.1.0\ORADATA\TEST\SYSTEM01.DBF
F:\ORACLE\PRODUCT.1.0\ORADATA\TEST\UNDOTBS01.DBF
F:\ORACLE\PRODUCT.1.0\ORADATA\TEST\SYSAUX01.DBF
F:\ORACLE\PRODUCT.1.0\ORADATA\TEST\USERS01.DBF

確定原控制文件的路徑
SQL> select name from v$controlfile;

查看log位置

SQL>select name from V$ARCHIVED_LOG；

查看log的信息
SQL>select * from v$log_history;

插入數據
SQL> select * from ttt;

NAME?????? EMAIL
---------- ----------
aa???????? aa@abc.com
bb???????? bb@abc.com
cc???????? cc@abc.com

RMAN備份，

RMAN>backup database;

再插入數據
SQL> select * from ttt;

NAME?????? EMAIL
---------- ----------
aa???????? aa@abc.com
bb???????? bb@abc.com
cc???????? cc@abc.com
dd???????? dd@abc.com

用DBCA刪除 數據庫和相關數據文件。
再重新建個相同實例名的SID，再開始恢復。

配置RMAN
RMAN> configure channel device type disk format 'F:\backup\%U';? //注意和原來的格式一樣。

new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT?? 'F:\backup\%U';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

先需要從自動備份中恢復控制文件
RMAN> startup nomount;

RMAN> restore controlfile to '/opt/oracle/oradata/control01.ctl' from autobackup;

重建本地認證文件
C:\>orapwd file=F:\oracle\product.1.0\Db_1\DATABASE\PWDtest.ORA password=123456 entries=2;

RMAN>shutdown immediate

RMAN> startup mount

database is already started
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of startup command at 08/03/2005 20:00:30
RMAN-06189: current DBID 1863531774 does not match target mounted database (1862908416)

RMAN>

重新設置DBID

RMAN> set DBID=1862908416

executing command: SET DBID

你可能需要修改spfile文件,如果文件位置改變。

SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01507: database not mounted

ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> create spfile from pfile;

File created.

SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.

RMAN> restore database;

轉入SQLPLUS，sys登陸sqlplus
SQL> recover database using backup controlfile until cancel;
ORA-00279: change 356534 generated at 08/02/2005 19:14:40 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion :
F:\ORACLE\PRODUCT.1.0\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG05_08_03\O1_MF_1_
2_%U_.ARC
ORA-00280: change 356534 for thread 1 is in sequence #2

Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
cancel??????????? //因為log丟失，此步選cancel
Media recovery cancelled.

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

SQL> select * from ttt;

NAME?????? EMAIL
---------- ----------
aa???????? aa@abc.com
bb???????? bb@abc.com
cc???????? cc@abc.com

SQL>

數據回來了，但是由于歸檔和redo log丟了，丟失一部分數據。

情況二 數據庫崩潰，但是還剩下歸檔和redo log是好的。

啟動歸檔
SQL>alter database archivelog;

System altered.

SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode????????????? No Archive Mode
Automatic archival???????????? Disabled
Archive destination??????????? USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence???? 7
Current log sequence?????????? 9
SQL>

重啟數據庫，歸檔就會自動啟動。

啟動自動備份控制文件

RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup on;

new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

配置RMAN的格式和存儲位置。
RMAN> configure channel device type disk format 'F:\backup\%U';

new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT?? 'F:\backup\%U';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

查看數據文件的位置
SQL> select name from v$datafile;

確定原控制文件的路徑
SQL> select name from v$controlfile;

查看log位置

SQL>select name from V$ARCHIVED_LOG；

查看log的信息
SQL>select * from v$log_history;

插入數據
SQL> select * from sss;

AA???????? BB???????? CC
---------- ---------- ---
aa???????? bb???????? cc
aa???????? jj???????? mm
vv???????? ss???????? tt

完全備份數據庫
RMAN>backup data

再插入數據

SQL> select * from sss;

AA???????? BB???????? CC
---------- ---------- ---
aa???????? bb???????? cc
aa???????? jj???????? mm
vv???????? ss???????? tt
mm???????? mm???????? mm

用DBCA刪除數據庫，刪除相關的數據文件，保留redo log和歸檔日志。

再用DBCA重建一個SID一樣的數據庫。

RMAN>startup

配置RMAN
RMAN> configure channel device type disk format 'F:\backup\%U';? //注意和原來的格式一樣。

new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT?? 'F:\backup\%U';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

RMAN>startup nomount
RMAN>restore controlfile to '/opt/oracle/oradata/control01.ctl' from autobackup;
再copy幾份和原來一樣的路徑文件名。

RMAN>shutdown immediate

RMAN> startup mount

connected to target database (not started)
Oracle instance started
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of startup command at 08/03/2005 19:55:46
ORA-01991: invalid password file 'F:\oracle\product.1.0\Db_1\DATABASE\PWDtest.ORA'

重建本地認證文件
C:\>orapwd file=F:\oracle\product.1.0\Db_1\DATABASE\PWDtest.ORA password=123456 entries=2;

RMAN>shutdown immediate

RMAN> startup mount

database is already started
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of startup command at 08/03/2005 20:00:30
RMAN-06189: current DBID 1863531774 does not match target mounted database (1862908416)

RMAN>

重新設置DBID

RMAN> set DBID=1862908416

executing command: SET DBID

RMAN> startup mount

database is already started

RMAN> restore database;

RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at 03-8月 -05
using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

archive log thread 1 sequence 1 is already on disk as file F:\ORACLE\PRODUCT.1.0\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\
2005_08_03\O1_MF_1_1_1H2D39KL_.ARC
archive log thread 1 sequence 2 is already on disk as file F:\ORACLE\PRODUCT.1.0\ORADATA\TEST\REDO02.LOG
archive log thread 1 sequence 3 is already on disk as file F:\ORACLE\PRODUCT.1.0\ORADATA\TEST\REDO03.LOG
archive log thread 1 sequence 4 is already on disk as file F:\ORACLE\PRODUCT.1.0\ORADATA\TEST\REDO01.LOG
archive log filename=F:\ORACLE\PRODUCT.1.0\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG05_08_03\O1_MF_1_1_1H2D39KL_.ARC thr
ead=1 sequence=1
archive log filename=F:\ORACLE\PRODUCT.1.0\ORADATA\TEST\REDO02.LOG thread=1 sequence=2
archive log filename=F:\ORACLE\PRODUCT.1.0\ORADATA\TEST\REDO03.LOG thread=1 sequence=3
archive log filename=F:\ORACLE\PRODUCT.1.0\ORADATA\TEST\REDO01.LOG thread=1 sequence=4
media recovery complete
Finished recover at 03-8月 -05

RMAN>

由于控制文件是用備份還原的需要resetlogs打開。
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

SQL> select * from sss;

AA???????? BB???????? CC
---------- ---------- ---
aa???????? bb???????? cc
aa???????? jj???????? mm
vv???????? ss???????? tt
mm???????? mm???????? mm? //此行數據回來了,說明沒有丟數據.