JSON (JavaScript Object Notation)一種簡單的數(shù)據(jù)格式,比xml更輕巧。JSON 是 JavaScript 原生格式,這意味著在
JavaScript 中處理 JSON 數(shù)據(jù)不需要任何特殊的 API 或工具包。
JSON的規(guī)則很簡單: 對象是一個無序的“‘名稱/值’對”集合。一個對象以“{”(左括號)開始,“}”(右括號)結(jié)束。
每個“名稱”后跟一個“:”(冒號);“‘名稱/值’ 對”之間使用“,”(逗號)分隔。具體細節(jié)參考
http://www.json.org/json-zh.html
舉個簡單的例子:
js 代碼
1.function showJSON() {
2. var user =
3. {
4. "username":"andy",
5. "age":20,
6. "info": { "tel": "123456", "cellphone": "98765"},
7. "address":
8. [
9. {"city":"beijing","postcode":"222333"},
10. {"city":"newyork","postcode":"555666"}
11. ]
12. }
13.
14. alert(user.username);
15. alert(user.age);
16. alert(user.info.cellphone);
17. alert(user.address[0].city);
18. alert(user.address[0].postcode);
19.}
這表示一個user對象,擁有username, age, info, address 等屬性。
同樣也可以用JSON來簡單的修改數(shù)據(jù),修改上面的例子
js 代碼
1.function showJSON() {
2. var user =
3. {
4. "username":"andy",
5. "age":20,
6. "info": { "tel": "123456", "cellphone": "98765"},
7. "address":
8. [
9. {"city":"beijing","postcode":"222333"},
10. {"city":"newyork","postcode":"555666"}
11. ]
12. }
13.
14. alert(user.username);
15. alert(user.age);
16. alert(user.info.cellphone);
17. alert(user.address[0].city);
18. alert(user.address[0].postcode);
19.
20. user.username = "Tom";
21. alert(user.username);
22.}
JSON提供了json.js包,下載http://www.json.org/json.js 后,將其引入然后就可以簡單的使用object.toJSONString()轉(zhuǎn)換
成JSON數(shù)據(jù)。
js 代碼
1.function showCar() {
2. var carr = new Car("Dodge", "Coronet R/T", 1968, "yellow");
3. alert(carr.toJSONString());
4.}
5.
6.function Car(make, model, year, color) { 1. this.make = make;
2. this.model = model;
3. this.year = year;
4. this.color = color;
5.}
可以使用eval來轉(zhuǎn)換JSON字符到Object
js 代碼
1.function myEval() {
2. var str = '{ "name": "Violet", "occupation": "character" }';
3. var obj = eval('(' + str + ')');
4. alert(obj.toJSONString());
5.}
或者使用parseJSON()方法
js 代碼
1.function myEval() {
2. var str = '{ "name": "Violet", "occupation": "character" }';
3. var obj = str.parseJSON();
4. alert(obj.toJSONString());
5.}
下面使用prototype寫一個JSON的ajax例子。
先寫一個servlet (我的是servlet.ajax.JSONTest1.java)就寫一句話
java 代碼
1.response.getWriter().print("{ \"name\": \"Violet\", \"occupation\": \"character\" }");
再在頁面中寫一個ajax的請求
js 代碼
1.function sendRequest() {
2. var url = "/MyWebApp/JSONTest1";
3. var mailAjax = new Ajax.Request(
4. url,
5. {
6. method: 'get',
7. onComplete: jsonResponse
8. }
9. );
10.}
11.
12.function jsonResponse(originalRequest) { 1. alert(originalRequest.responseText);
2. var myobj = originalRequest.responseText.parseJSON();
3. alert(myobj.name);
4.}
prototype-<st1:chsdate w:st="on" isrocdate="False" islunardate="False" day="30" month="12"
year="1899">1.5.1</st1:chsdate>.js中提供了JSON的方法,String.evalJSON(), 可以不使用json.js, 修改上面的方法
js 代碼
1.function jsonResponse(originalRequest) {
2. alert(originalRequest.responseText);
3. var myobj = originalRequest.responseText.evalJSON(true);
4. alert(myobj.name);
5.}
JSON還提供了java的jar包 http://www.json.org/java/index.html API也很簡單,下面舉個例子
在javascript中填加請求參數(shù)
js 代碼
1.function sendRequest() {
2. var carr = new Car("Dodge", "Coronet R/T", 1968, "yellow");
3. var pars = "car=" + carr.toJSONString();
4.
5. var url = "/MyWebApp/JSONTest1";
6. var mailAjax = new Ajax.Request(
7. url,
8. {
9. method: 'get',
10. parameters: pars,
11. onComplete: jsonResponse
12. }
13. );
14.}
使用JSON請求字符串就可以簡單的生成JSONObject并進行解析,修改servlet添加JSON的處理(要使用json.jar)
java 代碼
1.private void doService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
2. String s3 = request.getParameter("car");
3. try {
4. JSONObject jsonObj = new JSONObject(s3);
5. System.out.println(jsonObj.getString("model"));
6. System.out.println(jsonObj.getInt("year"));
7. } catch (JSONException e) {
8. e.printStackTrace();
9. }
10. response.getWriter().print("{ \"name\": \"Violet\", \"occupation\": \"character\" }");
11. }
同樣可以使用JSONObject生成JSON字符串,修改servlet
java 代碼
1.private void doService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
2. String s3 = request.getParameter("car");
3. try {
4. JSONObject jsonObj = new JSONObject(s3);
5. System.out.println(jsonObj.getString("model"));
6. System.out.println(jsonObj.getInt("year"));
7. } catch (JSONException e) {
8. e.printStackTrace();
9. }
10.
11. JSONObject resultJSON = new JSONObject();
12. try {
13. resultJSON.append("name", "Violet")
14. .append("occupation", "developer")
15. .append("age", new Integer(22));
16. System.out.println(resultJSON.toString());
17. } catch (JSONException e) {
18. e.printStackTrace();
19. }
20. response.getWriter().print(resultJSON.toString());
21. }
js 代碼
1.function jsonResponse(originalRequest) {
2. alert(originalRequest.responseText);
3. var myobj = originalRequest.responseText.evalJSON(true);
4. alert(myobj.name);
5. alert(myobj.age);
6.}
參考
http://www.aygfsteel.com/Jkallen/archive/2006/03/28/37905.html
http://www.prototypejs.org/learn/json
http://www.json.org/java/index.html
http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/web/wa-ajaxintro10/index.html