functions follow the IEEE printf specification; the specifiers are summarized in Table 1.
Note that you can also use the “n$” positional specifiers such as %1$@ %2$s.
For more details, see the IEEE printf specification. You can also use these format specifiers with the NSLog function.
| 瀹氫箟 | 璇存槑 |
| %@ | Objective-C object, printed as the string returned by descriptionWithLocale: if available, or description otherwise. Also works with CFTypeRef objects, returning the result of the CFCopyDescription function. |
| %% | ‘%’ character |
| %d, %D, %i | Signed 32-bit integer (int) |
| %u, %U | Unsigned 32-bit integer (unsigned int) |
| %hi | Signed 16-bit integer (short) |
| %hu | Unsigned 16-bit integer (unsigned short) |
| %qi | Signed 64-bit integer (long long) |
| %qu | Unsigned 64-bit integer (unsigned long long) |
| %x | Unsigned 32-bit integer (unsigned int), printed in hexadecimal using the digits 0–9 and lowercase a–f |
| %X | Unsigned 32-bit integer (unsigned int), printed in hexadecimal using the digits 0–9 and uppercase A–F |
| %qx | Unsigned 64-bit integer (unsigned long long), printed in hexadecimal using the digits 0–9 and lowercase a–f |
| %qX | Unsigned 64-bit integer (unsigned long long), printed in hexadecimal using the digits 0–9 and uppercase A–F |
| %o, %O | Unsigned 32-bit integer (unsigned int), printed in octal |
| %f | 64-bit floating-point number (double) |
| %e | 64-bit floating-point number (double), printed in scientific notation using a lowercase e to introduce the exponent |
| %E | 64-bit floating-point number (double), printed in scientific notation using an uppercase E to introduce the exponent |
| %g | 64-bit floating-point number (double), printed in the style of %e if the exponent is less than –4 or greater than or equal to the precision, in the style of %f otherwise |
| %G | 64-bit floating-point number (double), printed in the style of %E if the exponent is less than –4 or greater than or equal to the precision, in the style of %f otherwise |
| %c | 8-bit unsigned character (unsigned char), printed by NSLog() as an ASCII character, or, if not an ASCII character, in the octal format \\ddd or the Unicode hexadecimal format \\udddd, where d is a digit |
| %C | 16-bit Unicode character (unichar), printed by NSLog() as an ASCII character, or, if not an ASCII character, in the octal format \\ddd or the Unicode hexadecimal format \\udddd, where d is a digit |
| %s | Null-terminated array of 8-bit unsigned characters. %s interprets its input in the system encoding rather than, for example, UTF-8. |
| %S | Null-terminated array of 16-bit Unicode characters |
| %p | Void pointer (void *), printed in hexadecimal with the digits 0–9 and lowercase a–f, with a leading 0x |
| %L | Length modifier specifying that a following a, A, e, E, f, F, g, or G conversion specifier applies to a long double argument |
| %a | 64-bit floating-point number (double), printed in scientific notation with a leading 0x and one hexadecimal digit before the decimal point using a lowercase p to introduce the exponent |
| %A | 64-bit floating-point number (double), printed in scientific notation with a leading 0X and one hexadecimal digit before the decimal point using a uppercase P to introduce the exponent |
| %F | 64-bit floating-point number (double), printed in decimal notation |
| %z | Length modifier specifying that a following d, i, o, u, x, or X conversion specifier applies to a size_t or the corresponding signed integer type argument |
| %t | Length modifier specifying that a following d, i, o, u, x, or X conversion specifier applies to a ptrdiff_t or the corresponding unsigned integer type argument |
| %j | Length modifier specifying that a following d, i, o, u, x, or X conversion specifier applies to a intmax_t or uintmax_t argument |
Mac OS X uses several data types—NSInteger, NSUInteger,CGFloat, and CFIndex—to provide a
consistent means of representing values in 32- and 64-bit environments. In a 32-bit environment,
NSInteger and NSUInteger are defined as int and unsigned int, respectively. In 64-bit environments,
NSInteger and NSUInteger are defined as long and unsigned long, respectively. To avoid the need to
use different printf-style type specifiers depending on the platform, you can use the specifiers shown
in Table 2. Note that in some cases you may have to cast the value.
| 綾誨瀷 | 瀹氫箟 | 寤鴻 |
| NSInteger | %ld or %lx | Cast the value to long |
| NSUInteger | %lu or %lx | Cast the value to unsigned long |
| CGFloat | %f or %g | %f works for floats and doubles when formatting; but see below warning when scanning |
| CFIndex | %ld or %lx | The same as NSInteger |
| pointer | %p | %p adds 0x to the beginning of the output. If you don’t want that, use %lx and cast to long. |
| long long | %lld or %llx | long long is 64-bit on both 32- and 64-bit platforms |
| unsigned long long | %llu or %llx | unsigned long long is 64-bit on both 32- and 64-bit platforms |
The following example illustrates the use of %ld to format an NSInteger and the use of a cast.
1 2 | NSInteger i = 42; printf("%ld\n", (long)i); |
In addition to the considerations mentioned in Table 2, there is one extra case with scanning:
you must distinguish the types for float and double. You should use %f for float, %lf for double.
If you need to use scanf (or a variant thereof) with CGFloat, switch to double instead, and copy the double to CGFloat.
1 2 3 4 | CGFloat imageWidth; double tmp; sscanf (str, "%lf", &tmp); imageWidth = tmp; |
It is important to remember that %lf does not represent CGFloat correctly on either 32- or 64-bit platforms.
This is unlike %ld, which works for long in all cases.
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