??xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?>
有一D|间没有来更新文章?/span>,呵呵,最q在研究pȝ的架?/span>,Z一期系l做前期准备.准备采用spring+ibatis+JSF的架?/span>.我个人目前只?jin)?/span>spring+ibatisq两?/span>,因此q里也只讨论关于q两层的l合.
下图为工E目?/span>:
(1)首先?/span>spring的配|文?/span>: applicationContext.xml
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPEbeansPUBLIC"-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN""http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans-2.0.dtd">
<beans>
<beanid="propertyConfigurer"class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<propertyname="locations">
<list>
<value>com/conf/jdbc.properties</value><!?/span>数据库配|?/span>-->
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<beanid="dataSource"class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean">
<propertyname="jndiName"value="${dataSource}"/>
</bean>
<beanid="sqlMapClient"class="org.springframework.orm.ibatis.SqlMapClientFactoryBean">
<propertyname="configLocation"value="com/ibatis/sql-map-config.xml"/>
</bean>
<beanid="sqlMapDAO"class="com.doone.database.SqlMapClientDAO">
<propertyname="dataSource"ref="dataSource"/>
<propertyname="sqlMapClient"ref="sqlMapClient"/>
</bean>
<beanid="transactionManager"class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<propertyname="dataSource"ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
</beans>
(2) jdbc.properties配置文g(配置数据?/span>dataSource)
dataSource=test
(3) IbatisDAO接口
package com.doone.database;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
publicinterface IbatisDAO {
/**
*查询数据库{换成List
*@paramsqlMapIdString
*@returnList
*/
public List ibatisQueryForList(String sqlMapId, Object parameter);
public List ibatisQueryForList(String sqlMapId);
//cM在这里实现删?/span>,更新的方?/span>.
}
(4) SqlMapClientDAOc?/span>
package com.doone.database;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Vector;
import org.springframework.orm.ibatis.support.SqlMapClientDaoSupport;
public class SqlMapClientDAO extends SqlMapClientDaoSupport implements IbatisDAO{
/**
* 查询数据库{换成List
* @param sqlMapId String
* @param parameter Object
* @return List
*/
public List ibatisQueryForList(String sqlMapId, Object parameter) {
List list = null;
try {
list = (List) getSqlMapClientTemplate().queryForList(sqlMapId, parameter);
}
catch (Exception er) {
//log4j.log4jInfo("Ibatis操作出错,原因:", er.getMessage());
}
if (list == null)
list = new ArrayList();
return list;
}
/**
* 查询数据库{换成List
* @param sqlMapId String
* @return List
*/
public List ibatisQueryForList(String sqlMapId) {
return ibatisQueryForList(sqlMapId, null);
}
}
(5)sql-map-config.xml配置文g
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPEsqlMapConfigPUBLIC"-//iBATIS.com//DTD SQL Map Config 2.0//EN"
"http://www.ibatis.com/dtd/sql-map-config-2.dtd">
<sqlMapConfig>
<sqlMapresource="com/ibatis/Account.xml"/>
</sqlMapConfig>
(5) Account.xml配置文g
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPEsqlMapPUBLIC"-//iBATIS.com//DTD SQL Map 2.0//EN""http://www.ibatis.com/dtd/sql-map-2.dtd">
<sqlMapnamespace="Account">
<selectid="getList"parameterClass="java.util.HashMap"resultClass="java.util.HashMap">
select username as value from signon
</select>
</sqlMap>
Signon为数据库的一张表
(6)试c?/span>Main.java
package com.main;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.doone.database.IbatisDAO;
import java.util.*;
public class Main {
private ApplicationContext context;
public void run()
{
System.out.println("初始化环?/span>.....");
context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("com/conf/applicationContext.xml");
System.out.println("获取 sqlMapDAO.....");
IbatisDAO sqlMapDAO=(IbatisDAO)context.getBean("sqlMapDAO");
list=sqlMapDAO.ibatisQueryForList("getList");
System.out.println("查询l果?"+list);
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
new Main().run();
}
}
package com.proxy;
import java.lang.reflect.*;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import org.springframework.aop.AfterReturningAdvice;
public class LogAfterAdvice implements AfterReturningAdvice{
private Logger logger=Logger.getLogger(this.getClass().getName());
public void afterReturning(Object object,Method method,Object[] args,Object target) throws Throwable
{
logger.log(Level.INFO,"LogAfterAdvice mehtod ends "+method);
}
}
(2)advice-config.xml修改如下Q?/p>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<beans>
<bean id="logBeforeAdvice" class="com.proxy.LogBeforeAdvice" />
<bean id="logAfterAdvice" class="com.proxy.LogAfterAdvice" />
<bean id="helloSpeaker" class="com.proxy.HelloSpeaker" />
<bean id="helloProxy"
class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean"><!--建立代理对象-->
<property name="proxyInterfaces"><!--代理接口-->
<value>com.proxy.IHello</value>
</property>
<property name="target"><!--代理目标-->
<ref bean="helloSpeaker"/>
</property>
<property name="interceptorNames"><!--代理实现c?->
<list>
<value>logBeforeAdvice</value>
<value>logAfterAdvice</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
q样实C(jin)目标对象的方法在执行之后被调用?br />
同样Q在Ҏ(gu)执行前后调用目标对象的方法也可以不通过上面的这U方?毕竟实现两个接口比较ȝ(ch))Q可以直接通过实现MethodInterceptor接口Q达到目的?br />
如LogInterceptorcM实现?jin)这L(fng)接口Q如?br />
(3)LogInterceptor.java
package com.proxy;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import org.aopalliance.intercept.*;
public class LogInterceptor implements MethodInterceptor{
private Logger logger=Logger.getLogger(this.getClass().getName());
public Object invoke(MethodInvocation Invocation) throws Throwable {
logger.log(Level.INFO,"LogInterceptor method starts..."+Invocation.getMethod());
Object result=null;
try
{
result=Invocation.proceed();
}
finally
{
logger.log(Level.INFO,"LogInterceptor method ends..."+Invocation.getMethod());
}
return result;
}
}
(4)advice-config.xml 配置文g修改如下Q?/p>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<beans>
<bean id="logInterceptor" class="com.proxy.LogInterceptor" />
<bean id="helloSpeaker" class="com.proxy.HelloSpeaker" />
<bean id="helloProxy"
class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean"><!--建立代理对象-->
<property name="proxyInterfaces"><!--代理接口-->
<value>com.proxy.IHello</value>
</property>
<property name="target"><!--代理目标-->
<ref bean="helloSpeaker"/>
</property>
<property name="interceptorNames"><!--代理实现c?->
<list>
<value>logInterceptor</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
通过实现MethodInterceptor接口Q同样实C(jin)q样的功能?/p>
package com.proxy;
import java.lang.reflect.*;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import org.springframework.aop.MethodBeforeAdvice;;
public class LogBeforeAdvice implements MethodBeforeAdvice{
private Logger logger=Logger.getLogger(this.getClass().getName());
public void before(Method method,Object[] args,Object target) throws Throwable
{
logger.log(Level.INFO,"mehtod starts "+method);
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<beans>
<bean id="logBeforeAdvice" class="com.proxy.LogBeforeAdvice" />
<bean id="helloSpeaker" class="com.proxy.HelloSpeaker" />
<bean id="helloProxy"
class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean"><!--建立代理对象-->
<property name="proxyInterfaces"><!--代理接口-->
<value>com.proxy.IHello</value>
</property>
<property name="target"><!--代理目标-->
<ref bean="helloSpeaker" />
</property>
<property name="interceptorNames"><!--代理实现c?->
<list>
<value>logBeforeAdvice</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
(3)试cSpringAOPDemo
package com.proxy;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;
public class SpringAOPDemo {
public static void main(String[] args)
{
//d配置文g
ApplicationContext context=new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("advice-config.xml");
IHello helloProxy=(IHello)context.getBean("helloProxy");
helloProxy.hello("ducklyl");
}
}
q行试c,l果如下Q?br />
Hello,ducklyl
package com.proxy;
/**
* 接口
*
* **/
public interface IHello {
public void hello(String name);
}
(2)实现cHelloSpeaker
package com.proxy;
public class HelloSpeaker implements IHello{
public void hello(String name) {
System.out.println("Hello,"+name);
}
}
(3)代理cHelloProxy
package com.proxy;
import java.util.logging.*;
/**
* ?rn)态代理类,代理真正的实现类HelloSpeaker来执?br />
*
* */
public class HelloProxy implements IHello{
private Logger logger=Logger.getLogger(this.getClass().getName());
private IHello helloObject;//接口声明
//构造函?br />
public HelloProxy(IHello helloObject)
{
this.helloObject=helloObject;
}
//接口实现Ҏ(gu)
public void hello(String name)
{
log("hello methods starts...");
helloObject.hello(name);
log("hello methods ends...");
}
private void log(String msg)
{
logger.log(Level.INFO,msg);
}
}
(4)试cProxyDemo
package com.proxy;
public class ProxyDemo {
public static void main(String[] args)
{
//?rn)态代理模?br />
HelloProxy proxy=new HelloProxy(new HelloSpeaker());
proxy.hello("ducklyl");
}
}
q行试c,l果为:(x)
Hello,ducklyl
2007-10-28 10:52:26 com.proxy.HelloProxy log
信息: hello methods starts...
2007-10-28 10:52:27 com.proxy.HelloProxy log
信息: hello methods ends...
接下来介l动态代?br />
(1)创徏动态代理类LogHandler
package com.proxy;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
import java.util.logging.*;
/**
*
* 动态代理类
* **/
public class LogHandler implements InvocationHandler {
private Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(this.getClass().getName());
private Object delegate;
public LogHandler()
{
}
public Object bind(Object delegate) {
this.delegate = delegate;
log("bind starts...");
return Proxy.newProxyInstance(delegate.getClass().getClassLoader(),
delegate.getClass().getInterfaces(), this);
}
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args)
throws Throwable {
Object result = null;
try {
log("method starts..." + method);
result = method.invoke(delegate, args);
log("method ends..." + method);
} catch (Exception e) {
log(e.toString());
}
return null;
}
private void log(String msg) {
logger.log(Level.INFO, msg);
}
}
(2)创徏试cProxyTest
package com.proxy;
public class ProxyTest {
public static void main(String[] args)
{
LogHandler logHandler=new LogHandler();
//logHandler代理HelloSpeaker实例Q调用hello
IHello helloProxy=(IHello)logHandler.bind(new HelloSpeaker());
helloProxy.hello("ducklyl");
}
}
q行试c,l果为:(x)
Hello,ducklyl
2007-10-28 11:24:59 com.proxy.LogHandler log
信息: bind starts...
2007-10-28 11:24:59 com.proxy.LogHandler log
信息: method starts...public abstract void com.proxy.IHello.hello(java.lang.String)
2007-10-28 11:24:59 com.proxy.LogHandler log
信息: method ends...public abstract void com.proxy.IHello.hello(java.lang.String)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<beans>
<bean id="messageSource" class="org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource">
<property name="basename">
<value>duck</value> <!-- 资源文g名前~ -->
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
(2)创徏资源文gduck_en_US.properties,duck_zh_CN.properties两个文g
duck_en_US.properties内容为:(x)
ducklyl=User {0} login at {1}
duck_zh_CN.properties内容(l过JDK工具native2ascii)~码转换?
ducklyl=\u7528\u6237 {0} \u4e8e {1} \u767b\u9646
(3)创徏试c?/p>
package com.resource;
import java.util.*;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;
public class SpringTest {
public static void main(String[] args)
{
//d配置文g
ApplicationContext context=new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("src/com/resource/resource-config.xml");
//传入两个参数,替换资源文g{0},{1}
String[] para=new String[]{"王生?,Calendar.getInstance().getTime().toString()};
System.out.println(context.getMessage("ducklyl", para,Locale.US));
System.out.println(context.getMessage("ducklyl", para,Locale.CHINA));
}
}
如果以上配置正确Q运行结果ؓ(f)Q?br />
User 王生?login at Thu Oct 25 19:15:59 CST 2007
用户 王生??Thu Oct 25 19:15:59 CST 2007 登陆
package com.editor;
public class User {
private String name;
private int number;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getNumber() {
return number;
}
public void setNumber(int number) {
this.number = number;
}
}
(2)创徏HelloBean c?br />package com.editor;
public class HelloBean {
private String helloWord;
private User user;
public String getHelloWord() {
return helloWord;
}
public void setHelloWord(String helloWord) {
this.helloWord = helloWord;
}
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
}
(3)创徏UserEditor c?/p>
package com.editor;
import java.beans.PropertyEditorSupport;
public class UserEditor extends PropertyEditorSupport{
public void setAsText(String text)
{
String[] strs=text.split(",");
int number=Integer.parseInt(strs[1]);
User user=new User();
user.setName(strs[0]);
user.setNumber(number);
setValue(user);
}
}
(4)在类路径下创建property-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<beans>
<bean id="EditorConfigBean"
class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.CustomEditorConfigurer">
<property name="customEditors"><!--CustomEditorConfigurercM(x)加蝲"customEditors"属性设定的map-->
<map>
<entry key="com.editor.User">
<bean id="userEditor" class="com.editor.UserEditor" />
</entry>
</map>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="helloBean" class="com.editor.HelloBean">
<property name="helloWord">
<value>Hello!</value>
</property>
<property name="user">
<value>ducklyl,123456</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
(5)创徏试c?br />
package com.editor;
import org.springframework.context.*;
import org.springframework.context.support.*;
public class SpirngTest {
public static void main(String[] args)
{
//d配置文g
ApplicationContext context=new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("property-config.xml");
//获取id="helloBean"对象
HelloBean hello=(HelloBean)context.getBean("helloBean");
//调用helloBean对象getHelloWord()Ҏ(gu)
System.out.println(hello.getHelloWord());
System.out.println("Name:"+hello.getUser().getName());
System.out.println("Number:"+hello.getUser().getNumber());
}
}
如果以上正确讄Q运行结果ؓ(f)Q?br />
Hello!
Name:ducklyl
Number:123456
public class ObjectSet {
private String name;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String toString()
{
return name;
}
}
(2)创徏SomeBeanc?br />
package com.set;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
public class SomeBean {
private String[] someStrArray;
private ObjectSet[] someObjArray;
private List someList;
private Map someMap;
public SomeBean()
{}
public List getSomeList() {
return someList;
}
public void setSomeList(List someList) {
this.someList = someList;
}
public Map getSomeMap() {
return someMap;
}
public void setSomeMap(Map someMap) {
this.someMap = someMap;
}
public ObjectSet[] getSomeObjArray() {
return someObjArray;
}
public void setSomeObjArray(ObjectSet[] someObjArray) {
this.someObjArray = someObjArray;
}
public String[] getSomeStrArray() {
return someStrArray;
}
public void setSomeStrArray(String[] someStrArray) {
this.someStrArray = someStrArray;
}
}
(3)在类路径下,创徏set-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<beans>
<bean id="first_object" class="com.set.ObjectSet" >
<property name="name">
<value>ducklyl</value>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="second_object" class="com.set.ObjectSet" >
<property name="name">
<value>wangsp</value>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="someBean" class="com.set.SomeBean" >
<property name="someStrArray">
<list>
<value>Hello</value>
<value>Welcome</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="someObjArray">
<list>
<ref bean="first_object"/>
<ref bean="second_object"/>
</list>
</property>
<property name="someList">
<list>
<value>ListTest</value>
<ref bean="first_object"/>
<ref bean="second_object"/>
</list>
</property>
<property name="someMap">
<map>
<entry key="first">
<value>Hello,ducklyl!</value>
</entry>
<entry key="second">
<ref bean="first_object"/>
</entry>
</map>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
(4)创徏试cSpringTest
package com.set;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;
import java.util.*;
public class SpringTest {
public static void main(String[] args)
{
//d配置文g
ApplicationContext context=new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("set-config.xml");
//获取id="setBean"对象
SomeBean someBean=(SomeBean)context.getBean("someBean");
//获取someStrArray,someObjArray
String[] strs=someBean.getSomeStrArray();
ObjectSet[] some=someBean.getSomeObjArray();
for(int i=0;i<strs.length;i++)
System.out.println(strs[i]+","+some[i]);
//获取someList
List someList=(List)someBean.getSomeList();
for(int i=0;i<someList.size();i++)
System.out.println(someList.get(i));
//获取someMap
Map someMap=someBean.getSomeMap();
System.out.println(someMap);
}
}
如果以上配置正确Q运行测试程序,l果如下Q?br />
Hello,ducklyl
Welcome,wangsp
ListTest
ducklyl
wangsp
{first=Hello,ducklyl!, second=ducklyl}
package example;
public interface Basic {
public String hello(); //与服务端的helloҎ(gu)对应
}
(2)服务端实现类
package example;
public class BasicService implements Basic {
private String _greeting = "Hello,ducklyl!";
public void setGreeting(String greeting)
{
_greeting = greeting;
}
public String hello()
{
return _greeting;
}
}
package example;
import com.caucho.hessian.client.HessianProxyFactory;
/**
* <p>Title: hessian实现q程调用</p>
* <p>Copyright: Copyright (c) 2007</p>
* @author ducklyl
* @version 1.0
*/
public class BasicClient {
public static void main(String []args)
throws Exception
{
String url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/Hessian/ducklyl";
//创徏factory实例
HessianProxyFactory factory = new HessianProxyFactory();
//客户端需实现Basic接口
Basic basic = (Basic) factory.create(Basic.class, url);
System.out.println("Hessian: " + basic.hello());
}
}
(4) web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE web-app
PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd">
<web-app>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>ducklyl</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.caucho.hessian.server.HessianServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>home-class</param-name>
<param-value>example.BasicService</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>home-api</param-name>
<param-value>example.Basic</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>ducklyl</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/ducklyl</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
q行客户端程序BasicClient Q如果以下配|没问题Q输出结果ؓ(f)Q?/p>
Hessian: Hello,ducklyl!
package com.ducklyl;
public class HelloBean {
private String helloWord;
public String getHelloWord() {
return helloWord;
}
public void setHelloWord(String helloWord) {
this.helloWord = helloWord;
}
}
(2)创徏Spring配置文gQbeans-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<beans>
<bean id="helloBean" class="com.ducklyl.HelloBean">
<property name="helloWord">
<value>Hello,ducklyl!</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
(3)导入Spring所需的包Qcommons-logging.jarQspring.jar ?日志包和Spring?
包下载地址Q?br />
http://www.aygfsteel.com/Files/ducklyl/Spring.rar
(4)创徏试c:(x)SpringDemo.java
package com.ducklyl;
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.*;
public class SpringDemo{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
//d配置文g
Resource rs=new FileSystemResource("beans-config.xml");
//实例化Bean工厂
BeanFactory factory=new XmlBeanFactory(rs);
//获取id="helloBean"对象
HelloBean hello=(HelloBean)factory.getBean("helloBean");
//调用helloBean对象getHelloWord()Ҏ(gu)
System.out.println(hello.getHelloWord());
}
}
如果以上配置正确的话Q运行SpringDemo.javaQ可以看到输出结果:(x)Hello,ducklylQ?br />
从技术的角度来说Q有必要提一下我们的调试环境。我们用的是Windows XP操作pȝQ安装有JAVA 2 SDK 1.4.1QApache SOAP 2.3.1QJAF 1.0.2QJAVAMAIL 1.3.1和Xerces 2.6.0。上面所提及(qing)的都能在Tcomcat 4.1.29 JSP/Servlet容器中正常运行。所有的软g都是免费自由软gQ因此你能够很容易的下蝲它们q自己在M你喜Ƣ的q_如Windows或UNIX上安装它们。Java SDKQJAF和JAVAMAIL位于SUN的官方网?http://java.sun.com)Q其他的软g在Jakarta目l的官方|站(http://jakarta.apache.org)上有down的?/p>
可能你在看到我们需要这么多不同的包(package)时已l有Ҏ(gu)?j)和不安了(jin),但是实际上你不应该担心(j)这些的。一旦你懂了(jin)基础Q那么对你将相当Ҏ(gu)。安装不是一件很隄事情Q你只需要在讄环境变量的时候仔l些Q比如CATALINA_HOME, CLASSPATH, JAVA_HOME {等Q所有这些步骤都是手工的。由于我仅仅是想你的注意力再次集中到它们n上,所以你能很快的完成以上配|过E。我只是d下面的一些字W串到Tomcat的bin/setclasspath.bat文g?
如果你的安装路径(installation paths)和上面用的不同Q你需要更正它们,然后关闭和重启Tomcat以它们生效。这P你就有ؓ(f)q行SOAP作好?jin)准备。但是现在,我要忘记有关的技术部分,来学一点理论知识?
SOAP意思是单对象访问协?Simple Object Access Protocol)。的如它的名字一PSOAP是很单的。它是一个基于XML的协议,允许E序lg和应用程序彼此用一U标准的Internet协议--HTTP来通讯。SOAP是一U独立的q_Q它不依赖程序语aQ它是简单的Q弹性的Q很Ҏ(gu)扩展的。目前,应用E序能够彼此使用一U基于DCOM和CORBA技术的q程q程调用(RPC)来进行相互通讯Q但HTTP不被设计个目的。RPC在Internet上应用是非常困难的,它们?x)出现许多兼?gu)和安全性的问题Q因为防火墙和代理服务器通常都会(x)L(block)q些cd的流量。应用程序之间最好的通讯方式是通过HTTP协议Q因为HTTP是支持所有Internet览器和服务器的。基于这个目的,SOAP协议被创建出来?br /> 那么Q它们是如何q作的呢?比如Q一个应用程?A)需要和另一个应用程?B)在SOAP的帮助下q行彼此通讯。它们将使用下面的框架图来完成这个过E?
q个SOAP信封(SOAP envelope)是一个包含以下内容的XML文档:
正如你看到的Q它是非常简单的。它看v来确实就象一个普通的信封或者你的email。你想看看它们是如何动作的吗?下面跟我们一h吧。其实我们有很多Ҏ(gu)是不用SOAP来在创徏和运行我们自q“Hello World”应用E序的,但是因ؓ(f)我们要保持它的简单性,我会(x)l你一个它q作方式的框架图(scheme)?/p>
我们?#8220;Hello World”范例?x)包含一个SOAP Service。我们的SOAP Client发送它们的名字到该SOAP ServiceQƈ试图得到一些答复或响应。这个SOAP Service需要部|到一个SOAP Admin的工P以至重定位所有请求的SOAP(Proxy) RPC Router能够知道它们应该使用哪种服务来运作。总而言之,q个是以下面的方式来q作?
现在Q我们来一步步的看看到底发生了(jin)什么。在Step 1里,HelloWorldClient连接一个SOAP RPC RouterQ请求我们的SOAP Serviceq将包含我们名字的一个字W串传递给它。该SOAP RPC Router?x)检查是否它已经部v?jin)这个SOAP Service。如果它被发现是被部|的Q那么它?yu)传递数据到q个SOAP Serviceq调用特定的Ҏ(gu)Q这个是Step 2。然后SOAP ServiceҎ(gu)?x)被执行Q将q回某个字符串?该值就是SOAP Client的答复或者响?(Step 3)。在Step4中,SOAP RPC Router仅仅只是重定向q个数据到SOAP Client。所有在Step1和Step4里传输的数据是通过SOAP Envelope来完成的。正如你所看到的,法是相当简单的Q因此我们只准备兛_(j)实际的代码?/p>
首先Q我们要创徏一个SOAP Service。下面是它的代码Q请不要忘记它攑օHelloWorld/ 目录?必须被包含在你的CLASSPATH?:
一些注?ID是我们要从SOAP Client标识我们的SOAP Service的唯一名字。Method包含SOAP Service提供的一pdҎ(gu)。JAVA Provider-Provider Class是SOAP Service Javacȝ名字?/p>
现在Q点击Deploy 按钮Q那么你的服务会(x)被部|Ӏ再ơ强调,h意正设|CLASSPATH环境变量。然后,你的HelloWorld.SOAPServicec能够被扑ֈQƈ且所有必需的jar包也能被扑ֈ。这是个几乎每个人都?x)犯的普通错误。现在,你能够点?List Q将?x)看见你的服务已l被部vq来。恭?
最后,让我们来创徏一个SOAP Client。代码看h有点复杂Q但是在现实中不?x)只有这么点ѝ?br />
用以下方式编译这个SOAP Client:
javac HelloWorldClient.java
Z(jin)圆满完成它,让我们检查一下针Ҏ(gu)们的试Q是否所有事情都准备qA。Tomcat正在q行Q所有的环境变量都正,SOAP Service被编译和部vQSOAP Client被成功编译。OKQ让我们q行它,你将看到q个屏幕:
正如你所看到的,我们的SOAP Client使用SOAP协议成功发送它的名字和接收?jin)一个答复。正如前面所说的QSOAP Service发送和接收的是SOAP envelope。这个是SOAP envelope的源代码?/p>
被发送到SOAP Service的SOAP Envelope
我希望本文能够在你理解SOAP技术上有一定帮助。这个技术是单的Q有的Q强大的Q弹性的。它被用在许多Web应用中,q些应用的数量也在不断增加。学?fn)SOAP是值得的,臛_你要知道它是什么和它是怎么q作的?/p>