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JAVA6开发WebService �Q�二�Q�——JAX-WS

ゞ沉默是金ゞ — Wed, 27 Jun 2012 06:06:00 GMT

上一��写了个最��单的��例子，只是��Z��说明JAVA6开发Web Service很方便，�q�一��稍微深入一点，写个�E�微有点代表性的��例子�?/p>

依然使用 JAX-WS�Q�jdk自带的实玎ͼ�方式�Q�这�ơ要在服务中使用一个复杂类型Customer�Q��ƈ实现附�g传输的功能，�q�里使用MTOM的附件传输方式。MTOM�Q�SOAP Message Transmission Optimization Mechanism�Q�是SOAP 消息传输优化机制�Q�MTOM可以在SOAP 消息中发送二�q�制数据�?

先来看Customer�c�：

package org.duke.jaxws.server;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlMimeType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;

@XmlRootElement(name = "Customer")
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
public class Customer {
    private long id;
    private String name;
    private Date birthday;
    @XmlMimeType("application/octet-stream")
    private DataHandler imageData;

    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    public DataHandler getImageData() {
        return imageData;
    }

    public void setImageData(DataHandler imageData) {
        this.imageData = imageData;
    }

}

MTOM 方式中要传输的附件必��M��用javax.activation.DataHandler �c�，�q�要注意必须在类上��用@XmlAccessorType(FIELD)注解�Q�标注JAXB 在进行JAVA 对象与XML 之间�q�行转换时只��x��字段�Q�而不��x��属性（getXXX()�Ҏ��Q�，否则发布Web 服务时会报出��C��两个imageData 属性的错误�Q�原因未知，可能是BUG�?/p>

然后使用@XmlMimeType 注解标注�q�是一个附件类型的数据�Q�这里我们标注imageData 是一个二�q�制文�g�Q�当然你也可以��用具体的MIME�c�d��Q�譬如：image/jpg、image/gif �{�，但要考虑到客��L��是否支持�?/p>

接口�c�：

package org.duke.jaxws.server;

import javax.jws.WebParam;
import javax.jws.WebService;
import javax.jws.soap.SOAPBinding;
import javax.xml.ws.soap.MTOM;

@WebService(name = "Hello")
@SOAPBinding(style = SOAPBinding.Style.RPC)
@MTOM
public interface Hello {
    public void printContext();

    public Customer selectCustomerByName(
            @WebParam(name = "customer") Customer customer);

    public Customer selectMaxAgeCustomer(Customer c1, Customer c2);
}

@MTOM注解用于开启MTOM功能�?/p>

@WebService注解中的name属性标注在接口�c�M��Q�可以指定wsdl中接口名�U�ͼ�也就是生成的客户端代码中接口�cȝ��名字�?/p>

@SOAPBinding(style = SOAPBinding.Style.RPC)指定SOAP消息样式�Q�有两个枚�D��|��SOAPBinding.Style.DOCUMENT�Q�默认）�?SOAPBinding.Style.RPC�Q�可以对比这两种方式生成的wsdl会有所不同�Q�而且生成的客��L��代码也会有所不同�?/p>

实现�c�：

package org.duke.jaxws.server;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.jws.WebService;
import javax.xml.ws.WebServiceContext;
import javax.xml.ws.handler.MessageContext;

@WebService(serviceName = "Hello", portName = "HelloPort", targetNamespace = "http://server.jaxws.duke.org/", endpointInterface = "org.duke.jaxws.server.Hello")
public class HelloImpl implements Hello {

    @Resource
    private WebServiceContext context;

    @Override
    public void printContext() {
        MessageContext ctx = context.getMessageContext();
        Set<String> set = ctx.keySet();
        for (String key : set) {
            System.out.println("{" + key + "," + ctx.get(key) + "}");
            try {
                System.out.println("key.scope=" + ctx.getScope(key));
            } catch (Exception e) {
                System.out.println(key + " is not exits");
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Customer selectCustomerByName(Customer customer) {
        if ("duke".equals(customer.getName())) {
            customer.setId(1);
            try {
                customer.setBirthday(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd")
                        .parse("1985-03-14"));
            } catch (ParseException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            customer.setImageData(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource(new File(
                    "c:" + File.separator + "duke.jpg"))));
        } else {
            customer.setId(2);
            customer.setBirthday(new Date());
            customer.setImageData(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource(new File(
                    "c:" + File.separator + "origin.jpg"))));
        }
        return customer;
    }

    @Override
    public Customer selectMaxAgeCustomer(Customer c1, Customer c2) {
        try {
            // 输出接收到的附�g
            System.out.println("c1.getImageData().getContentType()="
                    + c1.getImageData().getContentType());
            InputStream is = c2.getImageData().getInputStream();
            OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream("c:\\temp1.jpg");
            byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
            int c;
            while ((c = is.read(bytes)) != -1) {
                os.write(bytes, 0, c);
            }
            os.close();

            System.out.println("c2.getImageData().getContentType()="
                    + c2.getImageData().getContentType());
            is = c2.getImageData().getInputStream();
            os = new FileOutputStream("c:\\temp2.jpg");
            bytes = new byte[1024];
            while ((c = is.read(bytes)) != -1) {
                os.write(bytes, 0, c);
            }
            os.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        if (c1.getBirthday().getTime() > c2.getBirthday().getTime()) {
            return c2;
        } else {
            return c1;
        }
    }
}

@WebService注解的serviceName属性指定wsdl中service节点的name属性倹{��portName属性指定wsdl�?service节点下port节点name属性倹{��targetNamespace属性指定wsdl根节点definitions�?targetNamespace属性倹{��endpointInterface属性指定要发布的WebService接口的全路径名，当实现类实现了多个接口时�Q�需要通过此属性标注哪个类是WebService的服务端�Ҏ��口（SEI�Q��?/p>

在这个类中，通过@Resource注解注入了一个WebServiceContext对象�Q�这个对象即是WebService的上下文环境�?/p>

发布�q�个服务�Q?/p>

package org.duke.jaxws.server;

import javax.xml.ws.Endpoint;

public class SoapServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Endpoint.publish("http://localhost:8080/Service/Hello", new HelloImpl());
    }
}

在命令行键入“wsimport -s src -p org.duke.jaxws.client -keep http://localhost:8080/Service/Hello?wsdl”生成客户端代码，拯��到工�E�相应文件夹里，�q�时�Q�就可以调用�q�个服务了：

package org.duke.jaxws.test;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.GregorianCalendar;

import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.DataSource;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeFactory;
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;

import org.duke.jaxws.client.Customer;
import org.duke.jaxws.client.Hello;
import org.duke.jaxws.client.Hello_Service;

public class SoapClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException,
            MalformedURLException {
        QName qName = new QName("http://server.jaxws.duke.org/", "Hello");
        Hello_Service helloService = new Hello_Service(new URL(
                "http://localhost:8080/Service/Hello?wsdl"), qName);
        Hello hello = (Hello) helloService.getPort(Hello.class);

        hello.printContext();

        System.out.println("########################################");

        Customer customer = new Customer();
        customer.setName("duke");
        DataSource ds = hello.selectCustomerByName(customer).getImageData()
                .getDataSource();
        String attachmentMimeType = ds.getContentType();
        System.out.println(attachmentMimeType);
        try {
            InputStream is = ds.getInputStream();
            OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(
                    "c:\\Shawn\\duke-real_temp.jpg");
            byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
            int c;
            while ((c = is.read(bytes)) != -1) {
                os.write(bytes, 0, c);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        System.out.println("########################################");

        Customer c1 = new Customer();
        c1.setId(1);
        c1.setName("duke");
        GregorianCalendar calendar = (GregorianCalendar) GregorianCalendar
                .getInstance();
        calendar.setTime(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").parse("1985-03-14"));
        try {
            c1.setBirthday(DatatypeFactory.newInstance()
                    .newXMLGregorianCalendar(calendar));
        } catch (DatatypeConfigurationException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        c1.setImageData(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource(
                "c:\\Shawn\\duke1.jpg")));

        Customer c2 = new Customer();
        c2.setId(2);
        c2.setName("abc");
        calendar.setTime(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").parse("1986-03-14"));
        try {
            c2.setBirthday(DatatypeFactory.newInstance()
                    .newXMLGregorianCalendar(calendar));
        } catch (DatatypeConfigurationException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        c2.setImageData(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource(
                "c:\\Shawn\\duke-real_temp.jpg")));

        Customer c = hello.selectMaxAgeCustomer(c1, c2);
        System.out.println(c.getName());

    }
}

ゞ沉默是金ゞ 2012-06-27 14:06 发表评论

ゞ沉默是金ゞ — Wed, 27 Jun 2012 04:38:00 GMT

WebService是SOA的一�U�较好的实现方式�Q�它��应用程序的不同功能单元通过中立的契�U�（独立于硬件��^台、操作系�l�和�~�程语言�Q�联�p��v来，使得各种形式的功能单元更好的集成�?/span>

W3C对他的定义是�Q?/span>

A Web service is a software system designed to support interoperable machine-to-machine interaction over a network. It has an interface described in a machine-processable format (specifically WSDL). Other systems interact with the Web service in a manner prescribed by its description using SOAP messages......"

Web service是一个��Y件系�l�，��Z��支持跨网�l�的机器之间�怺�操作交互而设计。它有一个机器可识别的描�q�格式（特别是WSDL�Q�。不同的�pȝ��之间可以通过SOAP消息在规定的方式下相互调用。（英文不好�Q�请指正�Q�）

��单的��_��WebService是一�U�独立于特定语言、特定��^収ͼ��Z��|�络的、分布式的模块化�l��g。是一个能够��用xml消息通过�|�络来访问的Interface�Q�这个Interface描述了一�l�可讉K��的操作�?/span>

WebService一般分��Z��U�：

REST式WebService�Q�基于HTTP协议�Q?/span>

RPC式WebService�Q�基于SOAP协议�Q�不�q�SOAP也是��Z��HTTP传输的�?/span>

狭义上的WebService是指�W�二�U�RPC式的WebService�Q�也��是我们常说的��U��?/span>

JAVA中有三种WebService规范�Q�分别是JAX-WS�Q�JAX-RPC�Q�、JAX-RS、JAXM&SAAJ�?/span>

�q�里先说JAX-WS�Q�Java API For XML-WebService�Q�，JDK1.6 自带的版本�ؓJAX-WS2.1�Q�其底层支持为JAXB。早期的JAVA Web服务规范JAX-RPC�Q�Java API ForXML-Remote Procedure Call�Q�目前已�l�被JAX-WS 规范取代�Q�JAX-WS 是JAX-RPC 的演�q�版本，但JAX-WS �q�不完全向后兼容JAX-RPC�?/span>

废话不多说了�Q�先来写一个最��单的例子�Q?/span>

服务器端�Q?/span>

在想要发布�ؓWebService的类上加上注解@WebService�Q�这个类的方法就变�ؓWebService的方法了�Q�再通过Endpoint的publish�Ҏ��Q�发布这个服务，到此�Q�一个最��单的WebService搞定。运�?main�Ҏ��Q�在��览器里输入”http://localhost:8080/Service/Hello?wsdl “ 会看��C��的WSDL信息�?/span>

不过需要注意一下，有的同学如果不加@SOAPBinding(style = SOAPBinding.Style.RPC)�q�行代码会报错：

com.sun.xml.internal.ws.model.RuntimeModelerException: runtime modeler error: Wrapper class com.why.webservice.jaxws.SayHello is not found. Have you run APT to generate them?

�|�上资料说只要将JDK升��?.6u17��可以了�Q�我直接升��C��1.6u25�Q?/span>1.6.0_25-b06�Q�，问题解决�Q?/p>

package org.duke.jaxws.server;

import javax.jws.WebService;
import javax.xml.ws.Endpoint;

@WebService
public class Hello {

    public String sayHello(String name) {
        return "Hello " + name;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args){
        Endpoint.publish("http://localhost:8080/Service/Hello", new Hello());
        System.out.println("Success");
    }
}

客户端：

在命令行输入命��o wsimport -s[文�g夹名] -p [包名] -keep [发布的服务地址?wsdl] 生成客户端代码，如生成本例的客户端代�?#8221;

wsimport -s src -p org.duke.jaxws.client -keep http://localhost:8080/Service/Hello?wsdl",当然�Q�前提是你已�l�配好了JAVA环境变量�?/span>

利用�q�些生成的客��L��代码�Q�就可以调用�q�个WebService服务了：

package org.duke.jaxws.test;

import org.duke.jaxws.client.Hello;
import org.duke.jaxws.client.HelloService;

public class HelloClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Hello hello = new HelloService().getHelloPort();
        String s = hello.sayHello("World!");
        System.out.println(s);
    }

}

执行代码�Q�输出：Hello World!

ゞ沉默是金ゞ 2012-06-27 12:38 发表评论