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SWT�l��g的生命周期（�l�一个简单的SWT�E�序实例及详解）

燕然 — Tue, 04 Jul 2006 06:52:00 GMT

上一��详�l�介�l�了一个SWT实例�Q�这一��接下来介绍SWT�l��g的生命周�?br />本文地址�Q?a id="Editor_Edit_hlEntryLink" title="view: SWT�l��g的生命周期（�l�一个简单的SWT�E�序实例及详解）" href="/cpenet/archive/2006/07/04/56539.html" target="_blank">http://www.aygfsteel.com/cpenet/archive/2006/07/04/56539.html

本篇译自�?/span> Eclipse.Building.Commercial.Quality.Plug.ins.2nd.Edition 》第四章�W�二节，希望对入门者有所帮助�?/span>

�l��g的生命周�?/span>

设计 SWT 的一个目标就是小而灵巧。�ؓ了达到这个目标，一个基本的设计�{�略�Q�就是尽可能的�ɾl��g的状态存储在�q�_��l��g中而不是存储在 SWT �l��g�?/span> ( �q�句话，我不理解�Q�也��译的不明白�Q�附原文�Q?/span> To achieve this, a basic design decision was made that as much widget state as possible would be stored in the platform widget rather than in the SWT widget.) 。这�?/span> Swing 形成显著的对比， Swing �?/span> Swing �l��g中维护了所有的�l��g状态�?/span> ( 可能是这��P�� SWT 把各个组件的状态交�l�系�l��^台来��理�Q��?/span> Swing 自己��理各个 Swing �l��g的状态，�q�样 Swing ��复杂，耗费的资源，内存的需求也多，不知道是不是 J ) 。通过不把�pȝ��q�_��U�别的组件信息复制过来自��q��护， SWT ��非常的��y而且对内存的需求也相应��?/span>

辑ֈ��q�个目的所付出的代价就�?/span> SWT 的组件不能够自己独立存在。当一�?/span> SWT �l��g被创建时�Q�同时立卛_��pȝ��q�_��下也创徏了该�l��g的对应体。接下来�Q�几乎所有对该组件的信息状态请求都会由�q�_��来处理�?/span>

大部分的�pȝ��q�_��在创��Z��个组件时�Q�需要该�l��g明确的父�l��g的上下文�Q�所�?/span> SWT 需要一个父�l��g来最为它的构造声明。许多��^台在创徏�l��g时还需要该�l��g的特定风格参数的讑֮�。例如：按钮有复选框�Q�单选框�Q�简单按钮和文本域有单行和多行之分�?/span>

�?/span> SWT �c�M��Q�风��g��D는�整数�c�d��来定义且不会更改。风格参数被�l�织在一��P��其它各种构造器传递着�q�些参数来创��Z��个组件的初始风格。注意到�Q�所有的�q�_��q�不支持所有的风格�Q�所以在很多情况下，被请求的风格被认为是一�U�提�C�，它或�怼�或许不会对一个特�D�的�q�_��产生影响�?/span>

�?/span> SWT �l��g不在需要时�Q�一些��^台要求作出明��的释放。对于组件本�w�和一些资�?/span> ( 例如�Q�图形，字体�Q�颜�?/span> ) 而言�Q�他们已�l�具备了�pȝ��的这个要求。基本的规则是：如果你创��Z��一个组�Ӟ��p��使用 dispose() �Ҏ��来撤销�q�个�l��g。如果你使用了一些系�l�资源，例如�pȝ��颜色�Q�你��׃��需要释放他们�?/span>

�q�运的，当一个组件被释放的，它的所有子�l��g会自动地被释�?/b>。这意味着�Q�如果你释放了一�?/span> shell �Q�那么所�?/span> shell 包含的组仉��会被自动释放�?/span>

燕然 2006-07-04 14:52 发表评论

燕然 — Mon, 03 Jul 2006 12:09:00 GMT

本文译自�?/span> Eclipse.Building.Commercial.Quality.Plug.ins.2nd.Edition 》第四章�W�二节，详细解释�?/span> SWT �E�序的语句，希望对入门者有所帮助�?/span>

本文地址�Q?a id="Editor_Edit_hlEntryLink" title="view: 一个简单的SWT�E�序实例及详�? href="/cpenet/archive/2006/07/03/56407.html" target="_blank">http://www.aygfsteel.com/cpenet/archive/2006/07/03/56407.html

让我们从��单的 HelloWorld 应用�E�序开始�?/span>

一�?/span>��?/span>SWT��d��到工�E�的�c��\径中

首先建立一�?span lang="EN-US">java工程。在开始��?span lang="EN-US">SWT之前�Q�需要将SWT库文件添加到工程的类路径中。步骤如下：

1. 下蝲SWT。在Eclipse SDK的下载页面中�Q�提供了独立版本�?span lang="EN-US">SWT下蝲。找到标�?span class="docemphstrong">SWT Binary and Source的栏目。下载适合你操作系�l�的版本�Q�不用解压，直接保存到硬盘中�?/span>

2. �?span lang="EN-US">Eclipse菜单栏，选择File-�?span lang="EN-US">Import...打开导入向导

3. 选择Existing Projects into Workspace�Q�点�?b>Next按钮

4. 选择 Select archive file�q��?Browse...按钮来找��C��刚才下蝲�?span lang="EN-US">SWT文�g�?

5. 点击Finish按钮�Q�完�?span lang="EN-US">SWT导入�?

6. 右键点击你徏立的工程�Q�选择Properties 来打开Properties对话框�?/span>

7. 选择 Java Build Path -> Projects tab�q�点�?span class="docemphstrong">Add按钮.

8. 选择 org.eclipse.swt工程�Q?点击 OK�Q�完成添�?span lang="EN-US">SWT库到你的工程�?span lang="EN-US">(见图1).

�?/span> 1

二�?SWT 代码

现在在你建立�?span lang="EN-US">java工程中，新徏一�?span lang="EN-US">java文�g�Q�取名�ؓ HelloWorld。在HelloWorld.java文�g中把main()�Ҏ��覆盖��Z��下代�?span lang="EN-US">:

1     public static void main(String[] args) {
2       Display display = new Display();
3       Shell shell = new Shell(display);
4       shell.setText( " Hello World " );
5       shell.setBounds( 100 , 100 , 200 , 50 );
6       shell.setLayout( new FillLayout());
7       Label label = new Label(shell, SWT.CENTER);
8       label.setText( " Hello World " );
9       Color red = new Color(display, 255 , 0 , 0 );
10      label.setForeground(red);
11      shell.open();
12       while ( ! shell.isDisposed()) {
13          if ( ! display.readAndDispatch()) display.sleep();
14      }
15      red.dispose();
16      display.dispose();
17   }

注：

在覆盖了上述代码�?span lang="EN-US">, 选择菜单栏中�? Source -> Organize Imports命��o (或者按Ctrl+Shift+O) 来把需要引用的SWT包导入到HelloWorld.java文�g�? �?span lang="EN-US">

以下是对各行代码的详�l�解释：

�W?span lang="EN-US">2行：每个��Z��SWT的应用程序都有一�?span lang="EN-US">Display�cȝ��实例。用来将低层�q�_��?span lang="EN-US">SWT�q�行链接。除了管�?span lang="EN-US">SWT的事件��@环，�q�能讉K��SWT需要的�q�_��资源。在16行，display实例��会提交�l�垃圾收集器�?span lang="EN-US">

�W?span lang="EN-US">3行：每一个窗口都有一�?span lang="EN-US">Shell�H�口框架�Q�来与用戯��行交互�?span lang="EN-US">Shell像所有的windows�pȝ��一��h��处理动作行�ؓ�Q��ƈ作�ؓ�H�口控�g的放�|�场所�?span lang="EN-US">

�W?span lang="EN-US">4行： setText()�Ҏ��讄��H�口的标�?span lang="EN-US">.

�W?span lang="EN-US">5行： setBounds() �Ҏ��讄��H�口的大��和攄��的位�|?span lang="EN-US">. 在这个例子中, 讄��H�口�?span lang="EN-US">200个像素宽�Q?span lang="EN-US">50个像素高�Q��ƈ攑֜��d��q�的左上�?span lang="EN-US">100x100像素的位�|�上�?span lang="EN-US">

�W?span lang="EN-US">6行： setLayout()�Ҏ�� 讄��H�口框架的布局. FillLayout�Q�充满式布局��理器，使得�l��g大小会尽量的充满整个容器.SWT的布局��理器会在以后详�l�介�l��?

�W?span lang="EN-US">7行：�?span lang="EN-US">shell上新��Z��个简单的label�l��g�q�居中显�C?span lang="EN-US">label的文本内宏V�?span lang="EN-US">

�W?span lang="EN-US">8行： setText() �Ҏ�� 讄��label的文本内宏V�?span lang="EN-US">

�W?span lang="EN-US">9行：创徏一个红色的颜色�cȝ��实例。你也可以��用以下语句获得系�l�红色的实例�Q?span lang="EN-US">

Color red = display.getSystemColor(SWT.COLOR_RED);

�W?span lang="EN-US">10行： setForeground() �Ҏ�� 讄��label的前景色

�W?span lang="EN-US">11行：到目前�ؓ止，�H�口框架�q�是不可见的。通过open()�Ҏ��使得�H�口可见�?span lang="EN-US">

�W?span lang="EN-US">12行： while语句循环��窗口有没有关闭�?span lang="EN-US">

�W?span lang="EN-US">13行：display 控制事�g的��@�?span lang="EN-US">. readAndDispatch() �Ҏ��从��^台的事�g队列中读取事�Ӟ��q�分配他们到合适的处理�E�序(接收�?span lang="EN-US">)。只要队列中一直有事�g可以处理�Q�这个方法一直返�?span lang="EN-US">true�Q�当事�g队列为空�Ӟ��则返�?span lang="EN-US">false(因此允许用户界面UI�U�程��Z��sleep状态直��C��仉��列不为空)�?

�W?span lang="EN-US">15,16行：当��@环检��到�H�口被关闭时�Q�需要将color�Q?span lang="EN-US">display和一些相兌��的��^台资源释放。注意到�pȝ��颜色实例(colors)��会被提交释放�?span lang="EN-US">

二�?span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal"> �q�行�q�个例子

通常情况下，��Z��启动一�?span lang="EN-US">java应用�E�序�Q�会使用Run As -�?/b> Java Application 命��o。在�q�里�Q�如此运行将会抛�?/span> UnsatisfiedLinkError 异常�Q�说明没有找�?/span> SWT 的本地库。如果运�?/span> Run As > SWT Application 命��o�Q�将会弹�?/span> SWT 启动配置�H�口�Q�见�?/span> 2 �Q�在�?/span> 2 中可以点�?/span> run 按钮�?

�?/span> 2

点击 run �Q�运行结果图 3 �?/span>

�?/span> 3

(以后�l�箋)

燕然 2006-07-03 20:09 发表评论

燕然 — Fri, 30 Jun 2006 12:10:00 GMT
org.eclipse.ui包是应用�E�序界面的包, Eclipse的��^台的界面也是使用了这个包.
包中有接口IWorkbenchWindow,API中的说明

A workbench window is a top level window in a workbench. Visually, a workbench window has a menubar, a toolbar, a status bar, and a main area for displaying a single page consisting of a collection of views and editors.

Each workbench window has a collection of 0 or more pages; the active page is the one that is being presented to the end user; at most one page is active in a window at a time.

This interface is not intended to be implemented by clients.

一个工作台�H�口是一个工作台的顶层窗�?从视觉上�?一个工作台�H�口拥有一个菜单栏,工具�?状态栏和一个主区域,用来昄��包括昄��和编辑的一个页�?

每个工作台窗口有0个或者更多的��面.�z�d��的页面是一�U�显�C�给当前使用者的��面.大多数情况下,在一个时��d��有一个页面处于活动状�?

�q�个接口不打��由用户来实�?

(to more)

燕然 2006-06-30 20:10 发表评论

Rich Client Tutorial Part 1�Q�翻译）

燕然 — Fri, 30 Jun 2006 10:27:00 GMT

Rich Client Tutorial是Eclipse官方�|�站的RCP开发指南。原文地址为： http://www.eclipse.org/articles/Article-RCP-1/tutorial1.html

�W�一�ơ翻译，有错误，�Ƣ迎指正�?/font>

Rich Client Tutorial Part 1

The Rich Client Platform (RCP) is an exciting new way to build Java applications that can compete with native applications on any platform. This tutorial is designed to get you started building RCP applications quickly. It has been updated for Eclipse 3.1.2

富客��L��q�_��Q?/span> RCP �Q�是一个��o人兴奋的创徏 java 应用�E�序的新方式�Q�她可以与�Q何��^��C��的本地应用程序相媲美。这份指南目的在于让你快速的构徏 rcp 应用�E�序。本指南已更斎ͼ�适用�?/span> Eclipse 3.1.2 �?/span>

Introduction

Try this experiment: Show Eclipse to some friends or co-workers who haven't seen it before and ask them to guess what language it is written in. Chances are, they'll guess VB, C++, or C#, because those languages are used most often for high quality client side applications. Then watch the look on their faces when you tell them it was created in Java, especially if they are Java programmers.

Because of its unique open source license, you can use the technologies that went into Eclipse to create your own commercial quality programs. Before version 3.0, this was possible but difficult, especially when you wanted to heavily customize the menus, layouts, and other user interface elements. That was because the "IDE-ness" of Eclipse was hard-wired into it. Version 3.0 introduced the Rich Client Platform (RCP), which is basically a refactoring of the fundamental parts of Eclipse's UI, allowing it to be used for non-IDE applications. Version 3.1 updated RCP with new capabilities, and, most importantly, new tooling support to make it easier to create than before.

If you want to cut to the chase and look at the code for this part you can find it in the accompanying zip file . Otherwise, let's take a look at how to construct an RCP application.

引言

��试做这个实验：�?/span> Eclipse 展示�l�你的那些以前没见过 Eclipse 的朋友或合作伙伴�Q�让他们猜猜�q�是用何�U�语�a��~�写的。很有可能，他们会说�?/span> VB �Q?/span> C++ 或�?/span> C# �Q�因��些语�a��l�常被用来作为高质量客户端方面的应用�E�序。当你告诉他们是�?/span> java �~�写�Ӟ��察看他们�怸�的表情，��其当他们是 java �E�序员的话�?/span>

因�ؓ Eclipse 是唯一开放源代码许可的，你可以用 Eclipse �q�个技术来创徏你自己商业质量的�E�序。在 3.0 版本以前�Q�这是可能的�Q�但也是困难的，��其当你惌��订制菜单�Q�多层和其他用户界面元素时。那是因为很难接触到 Eclipse �?/span> IDE 核心�?/span> 3.0 版本�?/span> Eclipse 引入了富客户端编�E�（ RCP �Q�，�q�基本上�?/span> Eclipse UI 的重新构建，也就允许 Eclipse UI 被应用到�?/span> Eclipse IDE 的应用程序中�?/span> 3.1 版本�?/span> Eclipse 用新�Ҏ��升�U�了 RCP �Q�最重要的是�Q�新的工具��的创�?/span> RCP 应用�E�序比以前更加容易�?/span>

如果你想要研�I?/span> Rich Client Tutorial Part 1 的代码，你可以到 accompanying zip file 下蝲。另外，让我们一步步来看看如何创��Z��?/span> RCP 应用�E�序�?/span>

Getting started

开�?/span>

RCP applications are based on the familiar Eclipse plug-in architecture, (if it's not familiar to you, see the references section). Therefore, you'll need to create a plug-in to be your main program. Eclipse's Plug-in Development Environment (PDE) provides a number of wizards and editors that take some of the drudgery out of the process. PDE is included with the Eclipse SDK download so that is the package you should be using. Here are the steps you should follow to get started.

RCP 应用�E�序��Z��熟悉�?/span> Eclipse 插�g机制�Q�（如果你不熟悉�Q�请查看参考书目部分）。因此，你要创徏一个插件来作�ؓ你的�ȝ��序�?/span> Eclipse 的插件开发环境（ PDE �Q�提供了大量的控件和�~�辑器来使得开发过�E�脱��苦��?/span> PDE 包括在了 Eclipse SDK �Q�所�?/span> PDE 开发包你可以直接��用。以下是开始开发的步骤�Q?/span>

First, bring up Eclipse and select File > New > Project, then expand Plug-in Development and double-click Plug-in Project to bring up the Plug-in Project wizard. On the subsequent pages, enter a Project name such as org.eclipse.ui.tutorials.rcp.part1, indicate you want a Java project, select the version of Eclipse you're targeting (at least 3.1), and enable the option to Create an OSGi bundle manifest. Then click Next >.

首先�Q�启�?/span> Eclipse �Q�选择File > New > Project�?/strong>接下来选中 Plug-in Development�Q?/strong>双击来打开插�g工程向导。在弹出的页面中�Q�键入工�E�名�Q�例如： org.eclipse.ui.tutorials.rcp.part1�Q�，指明你要一�?/span> java工程�Q�选择你想创徏适用�?/span> Eclise的版本，�q��中使用 OSGI包。接下来点击 Next> �?/span>

note�Q?/b>Beginning in Eclipse 3.1 you will get best results by using the OSGi bundle manifest. In contrast to previous versions, this is now the default.

In the next page of the Wizard you can change the Plug-in ID and other parameters. Of particular importance is the question, "Would you like to create a rich client application?". Select Yes. The generated plug-in class is optional but for this example just leave all the other options at their default values. Click Next > to continue.

注：通过使用 Eclipse 3.1 �?/span> OSGI 包，你会获得很好的结果。与以前的版本相比， OSGi 现在是默认的了�?/span>
在下一��向��g��Q�你可以更改插�g�?/span> ID 号和其他参数。尤其要��x��一个问题：“你惌��创徏一个富客户端的应用�E�序吗？”，选择“是”。生成的插�g�c�L��可选的�Q�但对于�q�个例子�Q�一切其他的可选项都设为默认倹{��单�?strong>Next >��C��一��?strong>�?/strong>

note�Q?/b> If you get a dialog asking if Eclipse can switch to the Plug-in Development Perspective click Remember my decision and select Yes (this is optional).

注：如果你得��C��个对话框�Q�询�?/span> Eclipse 是否切换到插件开发透视图。这时单击记住我的选择�q��择“是”（�q�是可选的�Q��?/span>

Starting with Eclipse 3.1, several templates have been provided to make creating an RCP application a breeze. We'll use the simplest one available and see how it works. Make sure the option to Create a plug-in using one of the templates is enabled, then select the Hello RCP template. This is RCP's equivalent of "Hello, world". Click Finish to accept all the defaults and generate the project (see Figure 1). Eclipse will open the Plug-in Manifest Editor. The Plug-in Manifest editor puts a friendly face on the various configuration files that control your RCP application.

�?/span> Eclipse 3.1 开始，提供了几个模板��得创�?/span> RCP 应用�E�序相当�Ҏ��。我们��用最��单的一个模板来观察�q�是如何工作的。确保创��Z��个插件��用模板之一是允许的�Q�接着选择�?/span> Hello RCP ”模�ѝ��这�?/span> RCP 应用�E�序中的�?/span> Hello, world ”。选择“完成”来创徏工程�Q�见图一�Q��?/span> Eclipse ��会打开插�g�~�辑器。插件编辑器提供了友好的界面�Q�拥有多��L��配置文�g来控制你的Ｒ�Q�Ｐ应用�E�序�?/span>

Figure 1. The Hello World RCP project was created by a PDE wizard.

图一�Q�Ｐ�Q��I向导创徏的ￃｅｌｌｏ　�Q�P��ｒｌｄ工�E?/span>

(未完�Q�待�l?

燕然 2006-06-30 18:27 发表评论

燕然 — Fri, 30 Jun 2006 10:16:00 GMT
�q�个RCP的开发怎么感觉转来转去�Q��{晕了。。唉�Q�对eclipse的开发api又很不熟悉，感觉无从下手�?img src ="http://www.aygfsteel.com/cpenet/aggbug/56009.html" width = "1" height = "1" />

燕然 2006-06-30 18:16 发表评论