�??xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?><rss version="2.0" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:trackback="http://madskills.com/public/xml/rss/module/trackback/" xmlns:wfw="http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/" xmlns:slash="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/"><channel><title>&#27431;&#32654;&#28608;&#24773;&#35270;&#39057;&#25773;&#25918;&#44;&#22312;&#32447;&#20813;&#36153;&#39640;&#28165;&#19968;&#21306;&#20108;&#21306;&#19977;&#21306;&#44;&#57;&#56;&#31934;&#21697;&#22269;&#20135;&#33258;&#20135;&#22312;&#32447;&#35266;&#30475;</title><link>http://www.aygfsteel.com/alexprefect/category/52414.html</link><description /><language>zh-cn</language><lastBuildDate>Fri, 01 Mar 2013 00:39:06 GMT</lastBuildDate><pubDate>Fri, 01 Mar 2013 00:39:06 GMT</pubDate><ttl>60</ttl><item><title>Linux目录�l�构、Linux分区大小、挂载点和如何分�?�Q��{�Q?/title><link>http://www.aygfsteel.com/alexprefect/articles/395397.html</link><dc:creator>alexprefect</dc:creator><author>alexprefect</author><pubDate>Tue, 19 Feb 2013 04:11:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.aygfsteel.com/alexprefect/articles/395397.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.aygfsteel.com/alexprefect/comments/395397.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.aygfsteel.com/alexprefect/articles/395397.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.aygfsteel.com/alexprefect/comments/commentRss/395397.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.aygfsteel.com/alexprefect/services/trackbacks/395397.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">一、关于硬盘种�c�R��物理几何结构及���盘定w��、分区大���计���；</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;"><strong>1</strong><strong>、硬盘种�c�R��物理几何结�?/strong><br />���盘的种�c�M��要是SCSI 、IDE 、以及现在流行的SATA�{�；��M��一�U�硬盘的生��都要一定的标准�Q�随着相应的标准的升���Q�硬盘生产技术也在升�U�；比如 SCSI标准已经�l�历了SCSI-1 、SCSI-2、SCSI-3�Q�其中目前咱们经常在服务器网站看到的 Ultral-160���是��Z��SCSI-3标准的；IDE 遵��@的是ATA标准�Q�而目前流行的SATA�Q�是ATA标准的升�U�版本；IDE是�ƈ口设备，而SATA是串口，SATA的发展目的是替换IDE�Q�硬盘的物理几何�l�构是由盘、磁盘表面、柱面、扇区组成，一个张���盘内部是由几张���片叠加在一��P���q�样形成一个柱体面�Q�每个碟片都有上下表面；���头和磁盘表面接触从而能��d��数据�Q?/span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;"><strong>2</strong><strong>、硬盘容量及分区大小的算法；</strong><br />我们通过fdsik -l 可以发现如下的信息：</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">Disk /dev/hda: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />&nbsp;&nbsp; Device Boot&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Start&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; End&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Blocks&nbsp;&nbsp; Id&nbsp; System&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda1&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 765&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 6144831&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 7&nbsp; HPFS/NTFS&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 766&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2805&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 16386300&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; c&nbsp; W95 FAT32 (LBA)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2806&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 9729&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 55617030&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5&nbsp; Extended&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2806&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3825&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 8193118+&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3826&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5100&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 10241406&nbsp;&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5101&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5198&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 787153+&nbsp; 82&nbsp; Linux swap / Solaris&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5199&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 6657&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 11719386&nbsp;&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda9&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 6658&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 7751&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 8787523+&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 7752&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 9729&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 15888253+&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">其中 heads 是磁盘面�Q�sectors 是扇区；cylinders 是柱面；每个扇区大小�?512byte�Q�也���是0.5K�Q�通过上面的例子，我们发现此硬盘有 255个磁盘面�Q�有63个扇区，�?729个柱面；所以整个硬盘体�U�换���公式应该是�Q?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />���面个数 x 扇区个数 x 每个扇区的大��?12 x 柱面个数 = ���盘体积 �Q�单位bytes)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />所以在本例中磁盘的大小应该计算如下�Q?255 x 63 x 512 x 9729 = 80023749120 bytes 提示�Q�由于硬盘生产商和操作系�l�换���不太一��P�����盘厂家�?0�q�位的办法来换算�Q�而操作系�l�是�?�q�位制来换算�Q�所以在换算成M或者G �Ӟ��不同的算法结果却不一��P��所以我们的���盘有时标出的是80G�Q�在操作�pȝ��下看却少几M�Q�上面例子中�Q�硬盘厂家算�?�?操作�pȝ�����数比较�Q�硬盘厂�Ӟ�� 80023749120 bytes = 80023749.120 K = 80023.749120 M �Q�向大单位换���，每次除以1000�Q?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />操作�pȝ���Q?80023749120 bytes = 78148192.5 K = 76316.594238281 M �Q�向大单位换���，每次除以1024�Q�我们在查看分区大小的时候，可以用生产厂家提供的���法来简单推���分区的大小�Q�把���数点向前移动六位就是以G表示的大���；比如 hda1 的大���约�?6.144831G �Q?/span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;"><strong>二、关于硬盘分区划分标准及合理分区�l�构</strong>�Q?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br /><strong>1</strong><strong>、硬盘分区划分标�?/strong><br />���盘的分区由��d��区、扩展分区和逻辑分区�l�成�Q�所以我们在对硬盘分区时要遵循这个标准；��d��区（包括扩展分区�Q�的最大个数是四个�Q�主分区�Q�包含扩展分区）的个数硬盘的��d����D��录MBR�Q�Master Boot Recorder�Q�决定的�Q�MBR存放启动���理�E�序(GRUB�Q�LILO�Q�NTLOARDER�{�）和分�����记录。其中扩展分��Z�����一个主分区�Q�扩展分��Z��可以包含更多的逻辑分区�Q�所以主分区�Q�包括扩展分区）范围是从1-4�Q�逻辑分区是从5开始的�Q�比如下面的例子�Q?/span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">&nbsp;&nbsp; Device Boot&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Start&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; End&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Blocks&nbsp;&nbsp; Id&nbsp; System&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda1&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 765&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 6144831&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 7&nbsp; HPFS/NTFS&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 766&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2805&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 16386300&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; c&nbsp; W95 FAT32 (LBA)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2806&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 9729&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 55617030&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5&nbsp; Extended&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2806&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3825&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 8193118+&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3826&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5100&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 10241406&nbsp;&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5101&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5198&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 787153+&nbsp; 82&nbsp; Linux swap / Solaris&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5199&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 6657&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 11719386&nbsp;&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda9&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 6658&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 7751&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 8787523+&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 7752&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 9729&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 15888253+&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">通过�q�个例子�Q�我们可以看��C��分区�?个，�?hda1-hda3 �Q�扩展分区由 hda5-hda10 �Q�此���盘没有��d���?�Q�所以也没有昄�����d��区hda4 �Q�但逻辑分区不可能从4开始，因�ؓ那是��d��区的位置�Q�明白了吧；</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;"><strong>2</strong><strong>、硬盘设�?/strong>�Q�包括移动存储设备）在Linux或者其它类Unix�pȝ��的表�C�；&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />IDE ���盘在Linux或者其它类Unix�pȝ��的一般表�C�Zؓ hd* �Q�比如hda、hdb ... ... �Q�我们可以通过 fdisk -l 来查看；有时您可能只有一个硬盘，在操作系�l�中看到的却�?hdb �Q�这与硬盘的跳线有关�Q�另外hdc 大多表示是光��p��备；如果您有两块���盘�Q�大多是 hda和hdb。在�q�方面说的太多也无用�Q�还是以fdisk -l 为准为好�Q?SCSI 和SATA ���盘在Linux通常也是表示�?sd* �Q�比�?sda 、sdb ... ... 以fdisk -l 为准�U�d��存储讑֤�在linux表示�?sd* �Q�比�?sda 、sdb ... ... 以fdisk -l 为准</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;"><strong>3</strong><strong>、合理的规划分区�Q?/strong><br />关于一个磁盘的分区�Q�一个磁盘应该有四个��d��区，其中扩展也算一个主分区�Q�存在以下情况：&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />1�Q�分区结构之一�Q�四个主分区,没有扩展分区�Q?/span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">[主|分区1] [��d��|�?] [主|分区3] [主|分区4]</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">�q�种情况�Q�如果您惛_��一个磁盘上划分五个以上分区�Q�这��h��行不通的�Q?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />三个��d���?一个扩展分区；</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;"><em>[ </em><em>�?| 分区1 ] [ �?| 分区2 ] [ �?| 分区3 ] [扩展分区]</em></span></p><p><em><span style="font-family: Consolas;">|</span></em></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;"><em>[</em><em>逻辑|分区5] [逻辑|分区6] [逻辑|分区7] [逻辑|分区8] ... ... </em></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">�q�种情况行得通，而且分区的自由度比较大；分区也不受约束，能分���过5个分区；�q�只是�D一个例子；&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />2�Q�最合理的的分区方式�Q?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />最合理的分区结构：��d��区在前，扩展分区在后�Q�然后在扩展分区中划分逻辑分区�Q�主分区的个�?扩展分区个数要控制在四个之内�Q�比如下面的分区是比较好的；</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;"><em>[</em><em>主|分区1] [主|分区2] [主|分区3] [扩展分区]</em></span></p><p><em><span style="font-family: Consolas;">|</span></em></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;"><em>[</em><em>逻辑|分区5] [逻辑|分区6] [逻辑|分区7] [逻辑|分区8] ... ... </em></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;"><em>[</em><em>主|分区1] [主|分区2] [扩展分区]</em></span></p><p><em><span style="font-family: Consolas;">| </span></em></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;"><em>[</em><em>逻辑|分区5] [逻辑|分区6] [逻辑|分区7] [逻辑|分区8] ... ... </em></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;"><em>[</em><em>主|分区1] [扩展分区]</em></span></p><p><em><span style="font-family: Consolas;">| </span></em></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;"><em>[</em><em>逻辑|分区5] [逻辑|分区6] [逻辑|分区7] [逻辑|分区8] ... ...</em></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">最不合理的分区�l�构�Q?��d��区包围扩展分区；比如下面的；</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;"><em>[</em><em>主|分区1] [主|分区2] [扩展分区] [主|分区4] [�I�白未分区空间]</em></span></p><p><em><span style="font-family: Consolas;">|</span></em></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;"><em>[</em><em>逻辑|分区5] [逻辑|分区6] [逻辑|分区7] [逻辑|分区8] ... ... </em></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">�q�样 [主|分区2] �?[主|分区4] 之间�?[扩展分区] 是有自由度，但[主|分区4]后的[�I�白未分区空间]怎么办？除非把主分区4完全利用扩展分区后的�I�间�Q�否则您惛_����d���?后再划一个分区是不可能的�Q�划分逻辑分区更不可能�Q?虽然�c�M��此种办法也符合一个磁盘四个主分区的标准，但这样主分区包围扩展分区的分区方法实在不可取�Q�我们根据这个标题，查看一下我们的例子�Q�是不是�W�合�q�个标准呢？</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">&nbsp;&nbsp; Device Boot&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Start&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; End&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Blocks&nbsp;&nbsp; Id&nbsp; System&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda1&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 765&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 6144831&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 7&nbsp; HPFS/NTFS&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 766&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2805&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 16386300&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; c&nbsp; W95 FAT32 (LBA)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2806&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 9729&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 55617030&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5&nbsp; Extended&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2806&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3825&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 8193118+&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3826&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5100&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 10241406&nbsp;&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5101&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5198&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 787153+&nbsp; 82&nbsp; Linux swap / Solaris&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5199&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 6657&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 11719386&nbsp;&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda9&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 6658&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 7751&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 8787523+&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br />/dev/hda10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 7752&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 9729&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 15888253+&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">本文介绍Linux常用分区挂蝲点常识以及桌面、服务器分区挂蝲点的推荐配置�Q�当然这个配�|�是天缘自己写的�Q�分区大���这个话题是仁者见仁智者见智，�Ƣ迎大家一起交���这个话题，比如WEB服务、邮件服务、下载服务等�Q�我们一起交���哪�U�类型服务下某挂载点应该加大���可以了�Q�至于是否独立就看个人的了�?/span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;"><strong>一�?/strong><strong>Linux</strong><strong>分区挂蝲点介�l?/strong></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">Linux分区挂蝲点介�l�，推荐定w��仅供参考不是绝对，跟各�pȝ��用途以及硬盘空间配额等因素实际调整�Q?/span><table border="1" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td width="50"><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">分区�c�d��</span></p></td><td width="80"><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">介绍</span></p></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">备注</span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">/boot</span></p></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">启动分区</span></p></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">一般设�|?00M-200M�Q�boot目录包含了操作系�l�的内核和在启动�pȝ���q�程中所要用到的文�g�?/span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">/</span></p></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">根分�?/span></p></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">所有未指定挂蝲点的目录都会攑ֈ��q�个挂蝲点下�?/span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">/home</span></p></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">用户目录</span></p></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">一般每个用�?00M左右�Q�特�D�用途，比如攑֤�文�g也可再加上G。分区大���取决于用户多少。对于多用户使用的电脑，������?home独立出来�Q�而且�q�可以很好地控制普通用��h��限等�Q�比如对用户或者用��L��实行���盘配额限制、用��h��限访问等�?/span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">/tmp</span></p></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">临时文�g</span></p></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">一般设�|?-5G�Q�方便加载ISO镜像文�g使用�Q�对于多用户�pȝ��或者网�l�服务器来也有独立挂载的必要。��时文件目录，也是最常出现问题的目录之一�?/span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">/usr</span></p></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">文�g�pȝ��</span></p></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">一般设�|�要3-15G�Q�大部分的用户安装的软�g�E�序都在�q�里。就像是Windows目录和Program Files目录。很多Linux家族�pȝ��有时�q�会�?usr/local单独作�ؓ挂蝲点��用�?/span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">/var</span></p></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">可变数据目录</span></p></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">包含�pȝ���q�行时要改变的数据。通常�q�些数据所在的目录的大���是要经常变化的�Q�系�l�日志记录也�?var/log下。一般多用户�pȝ��或者网�l�服务器要徏立这个分区，讄����q�个分区�Q�对�pȝ��日志的维护很有帮助。一般设�|?-3G大小�Q�也可以把硬盘余下空间全部分为var�?/span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">/srv</span></p></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">�pȝ��服务目录</span></p></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">用来存放service服务启动所需的文件资料目录，不常改变�?/span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">/opt</span></p></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">附加应用�E�序</span></p></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">存放可选的安装文�g�Q�个��Z��般把自己下蝲的��Y件资料存在里面，比如Office、QQ�{�等�?/span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">swap</span></p></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">交换分区</span></p></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">一般�ؓ内存2倍，最大指�?G卛_��</span></p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">以下为其它常用的分区挂蝲�?/span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">/bin</span></p></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">二进制可执行目录</span></p></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">存放二进制可执行�E�序�Q�里面的�E�序可以直接通过命��o行调用，而不需要进入程序所在的文�g夏V�?/span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">/sbin</span></p></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">�pȝ�����理员命令存攄����?/span></p></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">存放标准�pȝ�����理员文�?/span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">/dev</span></p></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">存放讑֤�文�g</span></p></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">驱动文�g�{?/span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">...</span></p></td><td></td><td><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">不再介绍...</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table><p>&nbsp;</p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">当然上面�q�么多挂载点�Q�实际上是没有比较每个目录都单独�q�行挂蝲�Q�我们只需要根据自��q��实际使用需要对个别目录�q�行挂蝲�Q�这��L���l�结构看��h��也会�_����很多�?/span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">一般来讲Linux�pȝ��最���的挂蝲�Ҏ��两个一个是�Ҏ��载点/�Q�另一个是swap�Q�虽然swap也可以采用其他方式类似方式替代，但从使用角度�Q�天�~�认为没�q�个必要�Q�把swap单独讄���一个挂载点��g��对Linux�pȝ��的标准性更好支持�?/span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;"><strong>二�?/strong><strong>Linux</strong><strong>�pȝ��桌面、服务器分区推荐�Ҏ��</strong></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">下面�?0G独立���盘安装Ubuntu��Z���Q�列一下简单的分区�Ҏ���?/span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">1、普通桌面用��h��荐分区方案（�C�Z���Q?0G桌面用户�Q�：</span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><!--StartFragment --><div><br /><table style="display: inline-block;" id="span1361247089550"><tbody><tr><td>--</td></tr></tbody></table><a >http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201012/12/0_1292151045VB6z.gif</a></div><a ><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Consolas;"></span></a><p><a ><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Consolas;"></span></a></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">2、服务器用户推荐分区�Ҏ��一�Q�示例：80GWEB服务器用��P��用户�E�序与系�l�程序合用usr�Q�：</span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><a >http://hi.csdn.net/attachment/201012/12/0_12921510451BQg.gif</a><p><a ><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Consolas;"></span></a></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">2、服务器用户推荐分区�Ҏ��二（�C�Z���Q?0GWEB服务器用��P��用户�E�序与系�l�程序分用opt和usr�Q�：</span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><a >http://hi.csdn.net/attachment/201012/12/0_1292151046Sck1.gif</a><p><a ><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Consolas;"></span></a></p><p><strong><span style="font-family: Consolas;">分区�Ҏ��关键点：</span></strong></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">&#8212;&#8212;大数据库一般要加大/usr挂蝲�?/span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">&#8212;&#8212;多用戗���下载类、多存储文�g�{�要加大/home挂蝲�?/span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">&#8212;&#8212;文�g���，用户多要注意/tmp�?var挂蝲点大��?/span></p><p><span style="font-family: Consolas;">注：以上资料全互联网上搜�?/span></p><img src ="http://www.aygfsteel.com/alexprefect/aggbug/395397.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.aygfsteel.com/alexprefect/" target="_blank">alexprefect</a> 2013-02-19 12:11 <a href="http://www.aygfsteel.com/alexprefect/articles/395397.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item></channel></rss>                                                                                    <footer>
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