褰撶敤java -jar yourJarExe.jar鏉ヨ繍琛屼竴涓粡榪囨墦鍖呯殑搴旂敤紼嬪簭鐨勬椂鍊欙紝浣犱細鍙戠幇濡備綍璁劇疆-classpath鍙傛暟搴旂敤紼嬪簭閮芥壘涓嶅埌鐩稿簲鐨勭涓夋柟綾伙紝鎶lassNotFound閿欒銆傚疄闄呬笂榪欐槸鐢變簬褰撲嬌鐢?jar鍙傛暟榪愯鐨勬椂鍊欙紝java VM浼氬睆钄芥墍鏈夌殑澶栭儴classpath,鑰屽彧浠ユ湰韜珁ourJarExe.jar鐨勫唴閮╟lass浣滀負綾葷殑瀵繪壘鑼冨洿銆?/p>
**瑙e喅鏂規**
涓 BootStrap class鎵╁睍鏂規
Java 鍛戒護琛屾彁渚涗簡濡備綍鎵╁睍bootStrap 綰у埆class鐨勭畝鍗曟柟娉?
-Xbootclasspath:聽聽聽聽聽瀹屽叏鍙栦唬鍩烘湰鏍稿績鐨凧ava class 鎼滅儲璺緞.
聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽 涓嶅父鐢?鍚﹀垯瑕侀噸鏂板啓鎵鏈塉ava 鏍稿績class
-Xbootclasspath/a: 鍚庣紑鍦ㄦ牳蹇僣lass鎼滅儲璺緞鍚庨潰.甯哥敤!!
-Xbootclasspath/p: 鍓嶇紑鍦ㄦ牳蹇僣lass鎼滅儲璺緞鍓嶉潰.涓嶅父鐢?閬垮厤
聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽 寮曡搗涓嶅繀瑕佺殑鍐茬獊.
璇硶濡備笅:
聽(鍒嗛殧絎︿笌classpath鍙傛暟綾諱技錛寀nix浣跨敤:鍙?windows浣跨敤;鍙鳳紝榪欓噷浠nix涓轟緥)
聽java -Xbootclasspath/a:/usrhome/thirdlib.jar: -jar yourJarExe.jar
浜?extend class 鎵╁睍鏂規
Java exten class 瀛樻斁鍦▄Java_home}\jre\lib\ext鐩綍涓?褰撹皟鐢↗ava鏃?瀵規墿灞昪lass璺緞鐨勬悳绱㈡槸鑷姩鐨?鎬諱細鎼滅儲鐨?榪欐牱,瑙e喅鐨勬柟妗堝氨寰堢畝鍗曚簡,灝嗘墍鏈夎浣跨敤鐨勭涓夋柟鐨刯ar鍖呴兘澶嶅埗鍒癳xt 鐩綍涓?
涓?User class鎵╁睍鏂規
褰撲嬌鐢?jar鎵ц鍙墽琛孞ar鍖呮椂,JVM灝咼ar鍖呮墍鍦ㄧ洰褰曡緗負codebase鐩綍,鎵鏈夌殑class鎼滅儲閮藉湪榪欎釜鐩綍涓嬪紑濮?鎵浠ュ鏋滀嬌鐢ㄤ簡鍏朵粬絎笁鏂圭殑jar鍖?涓涓瘮杈冨彲浠ユ帴鍙楃殑鍙厤緗柟妗?灝辨槸鍒╃敤jar鍖呯殑Manifest鎵╁睍鏈哄埗.
姝ラ濡備笅:
聽1.灝嗛渶瑕佺殑絎笁鏂圭殑jar鍖?澶嶅埗鍦ㄥ悓鍙墽琛宩ar鎵鍦ㄧ殑鐩綍鎴栨煇涓瓙鐩綍涓?聽姣斿:jar 鍖呭湪 /usrhome/yourJarExe.jar 閭d箞浣犲彲浠ユ妸鎵鏈塲ar鍖呭鍒跺埌/usrhome鐩綍涓嬫垨/usrhome/lib 絳夌被浼肩殑瀛愮洰褰曚笅.
聽2.淇敼Manifest 鏂囦歡
聽鍦∕anifest.mf鏂囦歡閲屽姞鍏ュ涓嬭
聽Class-Path:classes12.jar lib/thirdlib.jar
聽Class-Path 鏄彲鎵цjar鍖呰繍琛屼緷璧栫殑鍏抽敭璇?璇︾粏鍐呭鍙互鍙傝兟?a target="_blank" snap_preview_added="spa" snap_icon_added="spa" parent_link_icon="false">http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/deployment/jar/downman.html聽銆傝娉ㄦ剰鐨勬槸 Class-Path 鍙槸浣滀負浣犳湰鍦版満鍣ㄧ殑CLASSPATH鐜鍙橀噺鐨勪竴涓緝鍐欙紝涔熷氨鏄鐢ㄨ繖涓墠緙琛ㄧず鍦ㄤ綘鐨刯ar鍖呮墽琛屾満鍣ㄤ笂鎵鏈夌殑CLASSPATH鐩綍涓嬪鎵劇浉搴旂殑絎笁鏂圭被/綾誨簱銆備綘騫朵笉鑳介氳繃 Class-Path 鏉ュ姞杞戒綅浜庝綘鏈韓鐨刯ar鍖呴噷闈紙鎴栬呯綉緇滀笂錛夌殑jar鏂囦歡銆傚洜涓轟粠鐞嗚涓婃潵璁詫紝浣犵殑jar鍙戝竷鍖呬笉搴旇鍐嶅幓鍖呭惈鍏朵粬鐨勭涓夋柟綾誨簱錛堣屽簲璇ラ氳繃浣跨敤璇存槑鏉ユ彁閱掔敤鎴峰幓鑾峰彇鐩稿簲鐨勬敮鎸佺被搴擄級銆傚鏋滅敱浜庣壒孌婇渶瑕佸繀欏繪妸鍏朵粬鐨勭涓夋柟綾誨簱錛坖ar, zip, class絳夛級鐩存帴鎵撳寘鍦ㄤ綘鑷繁鐨刯ar鍖呴噷闈竴璧峰彂甯冿紝浣犲氨蹇呴』閫氳繃瀹炵幇鑷畾涔夌殑ClassLoader鏉ユ寜鐓ц嚜宸辯殑鎰忓浘鍔犺澆榪欎簺絎笁鏂圭被搴撱?/p>
Java鐨勫畨鍏ㄦ満鍒墮殢涓嶅悓鐨凧DK鐗堟湰鏈変笉鍚岀殑鍙樺寲,浼氬獎鍝嶅緢澶氭牳蹇僀LASS,姣斿Thread,鎵浠ュ緢澶氬ぇ鍨嬪晢涓氳蔣浠?瑕佹眰JDK鐨勭増鏈緢涓ユ牸.閮ㄥ垎鍘熷洜涔熷湪姝?榪欎篃瑕佹眰鍦ㄥ彂甯冭嚜宸辯紪鍐欑殑搴旂敤鏃跺?涓嶇澶у皬,閮借璇存槑寮鍙戝拰嫻嬭瘯鐨凧DK鐗堟湰.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 闄?鑳屾櫙鐭ヨ瘑 鑷狫DK 1.2浠ュ悗,JVM閲囩敤浜嗗鎵?delegate)妯″紡鏉ヨ澆鍏lass錛庨噰鐢ㄨ繖縐嶈璁$殑鍘熷洜鍙互鍙傝?a target="_blank" snap_preview_added="spa" snap_icon_added="spa" parent_link_icon="false">http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/ext/basics/load.html 褰掔撼鏉ヨ:鏄熀浜嶫VM sandbox(娌欑洅)瀹夎妯″瀷涓婃彁渚涘簲鐢ㄥ眰鐨勫彲瀹氬埗鐨勫畨鍏ㄦ満鍒?
1. Bootstrap classes 灞炰簬Java 騫沖彴鏍稿績鐨刢lass,姣斿java.lang.String絳?鍙妑t.jar絳夐噸瑕佺殑鏍稿績綰у埆鐨刢lass.榪欐槸鐢盝VM Bootstrap class loader鏉ヨ澆鍏ョ殑.涓鑸槸鏀劇疆鍦▄java_home}\jre\lib鐩綍涓?/p>
2. Extension classes 鍩轟簬Java鎵╁睍鏈哄埗,鐢ㄦ潵鎵╁睍Java鏍稿績鍔熻兘妯″潡.姣斿Java涓插彛閫氳妯″潡comm.jar.涓鑸斁緗湪{Java_home}\jre\lib\ext鐩綍涓?/p>
3. User classes 寮鍙戜漢鍛樻垨鍏朵粬絎笁鏂瑰紑鍙戠殑Java紼嬪簭鍖?閫氳繃鍛戒護琛岀殑-classpath鎴?cp,鎴栬呴氳繃璁劇疆CLASSPATH鐜鍙橀噺鏉ュ紩鐢?JVM閫氳繃鏀劇疆鍦▄java_home}\lib\tools.jar鏉ュ鎵懼拰璋冪敤鐢ㄦ埛綰х殑class.甯哥敤鐨刯avac涔熸槸閫氳繃璋冪敤tools.jar鏉ュ鎵劇敤鎴鋒寚瀹氱殑璺緞鏉ョ紪璇慗ava婧愮▼搴?榪欐牱灝卞紩鍑轟簡User class璺緞鎼滅儲鐨勯『搴忔垨浼樺厛綰у埆鐨勯棶棰? 聽3.1 緙虹渷鍊?璋冪敤Java鎴杍avawa鐨勫綋鍓嶈礬寰?.),鏄紑鍙戠殑class鎵瀛樺湪鐨勫綋鍓嶇洰褰?br />聽3.2 CLASSPATH鐜鍙橀噺璁劇疆鐨勮礬寰?濡傛灉璁劇疆浜咰LASSPATH,鍒機LASSPATH鐨勫間細瑕嗙洊緙虹渷鍊?br />聽3.3 鎵цJava鐨勫懡浠よ-classpath鎴?cp鐨勫?濡傛灉鍒跺畾浜嗚繖涓や釜鍛戒護琛屽弬鏁頒箣涓,瀹冪殑鍊間細瑕嗙洊鐜鍙橀噺CLASSPATH鐨勫?br />聽3.4 -jar 閫夐」:濡傛灉閫氳繃java -jar 鏉ヨ繍琛屼竴涓彲鎵ц鐨刯ar鍖?榪欏綋鍓峧ar鍖呬細瑕嗙洊涓婇潰鎵鏈夌殑鍊?鎹㈠彞璇濊,-jar 鍚庨潰鎵璺熺殑jar鍖呯殑浼樺厛綰у埆鏈楂?濡傛灉鎸囧畾浜?jar閫夐」,鎵鏈夌幆澧冨彉閲忓拰鍛戒護琛屽埗瀹氱殑鎼滅儲璺緞閮藉皢琚拷鐣?JVM APPClassloader灝嗗彧浼氫互jar鍖呬負鎼滅儲鑼冨洿. 榪欎篃鏄負浠涔堝簲鐢ㄧ▼搴忔墦鍖呮垚鍙墽琛岀殑jar鍖呭悗,涓嶇浣犳庝箞璁劇疆classpath閮戒笉鑳藉紩鐢ㄥ埌絎笁鏂筳ar鍖呯殑涓滆タ浜?
浠ヤ笂涓夌鏂規硶鎺ㄨ崘絎竴縐?/strong>錛屾墿灞曟уソ錛屾搷浣滆搗鏉ヤ篃鏈鏂逛究.
鍙﹀緙栧啓鑷繁鐨凜lassLoader,鏉ュ姩鎬佽澆鍏lass,鏄洿鍔犲鏉傚拰楂樼駭鎶鏈?闄愪簬綃囧箙,涓嶈禈榪?鏈夊叴瓚d簡瑙e彲浠ュ幓google涓涓媍ustom classloader錛屾垨鑰呭弬鑰冩垜鐨勫彟涓綃囨棩蹇楋細璁ヽlasspath鍙傛暟璧板紑銆?/p>
鏈枃鎵榪版柟娉曟祴璇曞熀浜巎2sdk 1.4.2_04-b05
Java铏氭嫙鏈?JVM)瀵繪壘Class鐨勯『搴?/p>
鏈夊叧鍙墽琛宩ar鏈夎澶氱浉鍏崇殑瀹夊叏鏂歸潰鐨勬弿榪?鍙互鍙傝?a target="_blank" snap_preview_added="spa" snap_icon_added="spa" parent_link_icon="false">http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/jar/ 鏉ュ叏闈簡瑙?